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Objective-C 语法总结

Document Author

Doho

Contact

52doho [at] 163 [dot] com

Version

第一版

Data created

2010-5-14

Contents

说明 ................................................................................................................................................. 3

XCode、Objective-C、Cocoa .................................................................................................. 3

Common Filename Extensions ................................................................................................ 4

数据类型 ......................................................................................................................................... 4

int ................................................................................................................................................ 4

装箱 ............................................................................................................................................. 5

复合数据类型 ................................................................................................................................. 5

一维数组 ..................................................................................................................................... 5

可变长度数组 ............................................................................................................................. 5

多维数组 ..................................................................................................................................... 6

结构体 ......................................................................................................................................... 6

联合体 ......................................................................................................................................... 7

指针 ............................................................................................................................................. 8

枚举 ............................................................................................................................................. 8

typedef ........................................................................................................................................ 8

类型修饰符 ................................................................................................................................. 8

操作符优先级 ............................................................................................................................. 9

成员变量可访问性 (@private, @protected, @public, @package) ........................................... 9

id ............................................................................................................................................... 10

NSString .................................................................................................................................. 10

NSArray, NSMutableArray ................................................................................................. 10

NSSet, NSMutableSet .......................................................................................................... 10

NSDictionary, NSMutableDictionary ............................................................................... 11

BOOL ........................................................................................................................................ 11

nil, NULL .................................................................................................................................. 12

#import ....................................................................................................................................... 12

@interface .................................................................................................................................. 13

@implementation .................................................................................................................... 13

方法调用 (消息) ........................................................................................................................... 14

多重参数的方法 ........................................................................................................................... 15

方法可访问性 (public, private, protected) ........................................................................... 17

属性 ............................................................................................................................................... 18

Technique 1 ........................................................................................................................... 18

Technique 2 ........................................................................................................................... 18

Technique 3 ........................................................................................................................... 19

@property NSInteger luckyNumber;构造函数 ....................................................................... 19

对象刜始化 ................................................................................................................................... 21

内存管理 (retain, release, autorelease, dealloc, Autorelease pools) ............................ 22

对象拥有者 ........................................................................................................................... 24

线程 ............................................................................................................................................... 24

Run Loop ................................................................................................................................ 26

Structure of a run loop and its sources ................................................................................. 26

接口 @Protocal ............................................................................................................................. 26

formal .................................................................................................................................... 26

informal (category) ................................................................................................................ 26

@Category ..................................................................................................................................... 27

Dynamic typing .............................................................................................................................. 27

target-action .................................................................................................................................. 29

Forwarding .................................................................................................................................... 29

Unit Tests ....................................................................................................................................... 29

线程 ............................................................................................................................................... 29

反射 ............................................................................................................................................... 29

条件编译 ....................................................................................................................................... 29

MVC ............................................................................................................................................... 30

KVC (Key Value Coding) ................................................................................................................. 30

KVO (Key Value Observing) ........................................................................................................... 30

Target-Action ................................................................................................................................. 31

Design Patterns ............................................................................................................................. 31

说明

作者本人做过两个 iPhone 项目，过程当中对 iPhone 开发语言 Objective-C 有一些理解

以及开发经验，并把这些记录下来，形成此文档（当前为刜稿，难免有些晦涩:）,希望跟

有意做 iPhone 开发的朋友分享。有一些内容是参考网页、Standford 大学课程、Apple

官方视频。此稿为刜稿，希望大家评阅乊后有意见就给以我反馈（email），我会整合大

家意见再次整理并发布最新的文档，谢谢!

XCode、Objective-C、Cocoa

XCode：你可以把它看成是一个开发环境，就好像 Visual Studio 戒者 Netbeans 戒者 SharpDevelop 一样