摘要
随着人们对自身健康状况越来越关注,使得医院的业务不断增长,处理也变得
越来越复杂。简单的人工经营管理,已无法满足医院的需要, 成为医院发展的瓶颈。
为了解决上述问题,本文开发了医院病区管理信息系统,对医院病区的人流、物流、
财流进行综合管理,对医疗活动各阶段中产生的数据进行采集、存贮、处理、提取、
传输、汇总、加工。在医院病区管理系统中,主要包括出入院管理、病区管理和系
统维护三大功能模块,实现了入院登记、出院结算、入区登记、医嘱管理、病区发
药、病区退药等功能。
本文的主要内容包括:首先阐述了国内外医院管理信息化系统的发展与现状;
接着在对医院病区管理系统市场调查分析的基础上,结合系统开发技术,确定了系
统需求分析;然后在此基础上提出方案总体设计并予以论证,确定了本系统应该具
有的基本功能模块;接着进行系统的详细设计;最后对系统中各个功能模块进行了
测试。
关键字:医院病区管理;入院登记;病区发药
Abstract
More and more pays attention along with the people to own state of health,
enables the hospital the service to grow increasing, processing also becomes more
and more complex. The simple manual management and operation, has been unable
to satisfy the hospital the need, Becomes the hospital development the bottleneck.
In order to solve the above problem, this article has developed the hospital ward
management information system, to the hospital ward stream of people, the
physical distribution, the wealth class carries on the synthesis management,
moves the data to the medical service which in various stages produces to carry
on gathering, the storage, processing, the extraction, the transmission,
compiles, the processing. In the hospital ward management system management
system, mainly includes in hospital management, the ward management and the
system maintains three big function modules, realized in hospital registration,
the out of hospital has settled accounts, enters the area registration, the
doctor's advice management, the ward sends the medicine, the ward draws back
functions and so on medicine.
The article primary coverage includes: First elaborated the domestic and
foreign hospital management information system development and the present
situation; Then in to the hospital ward management system management system
market survey analysis foundation in, the union system development technology,
has determined the system demand analysis; Then in this foundation proposed the
plan system design and proved, had determined this system should have basic
function module; Then carries on the system the detailed design; Finally each
function module has carried on the test to the system in.
Key words: Hospital ward management;In hospital registration; The ward sends
the medicine
I
目录
第一章 绪论.............................................................................................................................1
§1.1 选题的目的和意义 ...........................................................................................................................1
§1.2 国内外医院信息管理系统的发展与现状 .......................................................................................1
§1.3 系统研究的主要内容和作者的主要工作 .......................................................................................2
§1.3.1 系统研究的主要内容 ...................................................................................................................2
§1.3.2 作者完成的主要工作 ...................................................................................................................2
第二章 医院病区管理系统需求分析.....................................................................................3
§2.1 业务及用户需求分析 .......................................................................................................................3
§2.2 系统功能需求分析 ...........................................................................................................................3
§2.3 数据流图 ...........................................................................................................................................4
§2.3.1 系统顶层数据流图 .......................................................................................................................5
§2.3.2“出入院管理”模块数据流图.........................................................................................................6
§2.3.3“病区管理”模块流程图.................................................................................................................6
§2.3.4“药房管理”模块数据流图 ........................................................................................................7
§2.4 数据词典 ...........................................................................................................................................7
§2.4.1 数据流 ...........................................................................................................................................7
§2.4.2 数据元素 .......................................................................................................................................8
§2.4.3 数据存储 .......................................................................................................................................8
§2.4.4 数据加工 .......................................................................................................................................9
§2.5 系统可行性分析 ...............................................................................................................................9
§2.5.1 技术可行性 ...................................................................................................................................9
§2.5.2 经济可行性 .................................................................................................................................10
§2.5.3 操作可行性 .................................................................................................................................10
第三章 系统设计方案.............................................................................................................11
§3.1 系统开发工具介绍 .........................................................................................................................11
§3.1.1 PowerBuilder 简介......................................................................................................................11
§3.1.2 PowerBuilder 特点......................................................................................................................11
§3.1.3 ODBC 技术.................................................................................................................................12
§3.1.4 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 数据库 ...........................................................................................13
§3.2 医院病区管理系统设计方案 .........................................................................................................14
3.2.1 设计方案 1 ....................................................................................................................................14
3.2.2 设计方案 2 ....................................................................................................................................14
第四章 系统总体设计.............................................................................................................15
§4.1 系统总体设计 .................................................................................................................................15
§4.1.1 系统总体设计介绍 .....................................................................................................................15
§4.1.2 开发目标 .....................................................................................................................................15
§4.1.3 系统设计指导思想及原则 .........................................................................................................15
II
§4.2 功能模块实现方法 .........................................................................................................................16
§4.4 系统开发环境配置 .........................................................................................................................17
§4.5 需要人力资源与时间安排 .............................................................................................................17
第五章 系统概要设计.............................................................................................................18
§5.1 系统功能具体分析 .........................................................................................................................18
§5.2 系统功能结构图 .............................................................................................................................18
§5.3 数据库设计 .....................................................................................................................................19
§5.3.1 系统 E-R 模型............................................................................................................................19
第六章 系统详细设计与实现.................................................................................................22
§6.1 数据库详细设计 .............................................................................................................................22
§6.1.1 相关实体属性描述 .....................................................................................................................23
§6.1.2 数据库的实现 .............................................................................................................................24
§6.1.3 建立数据表 .................................................................................................................................24
§6.1.4 表之间的关系举例 .....................................................................................................................27
§6.2 系统功能模块详细介绍 .................................................................................................................27
§6.2.1 出入院管理模块 .........................................................................................................................27
§6.2.2 病区管理模块 .............................................................................................................................28
§6.2.3 系统维护模块 .............................................................................................................................28
§6.3 系统功能模块图 .............................................................................................................................29
§6.4 系统模块的界面 .............................................................................................................................29
§6.4.1 登录界面 .....................................................................................................................................29
§6.4.2 主界面 .........................................................................................................................................32
§6.4.3 入院登记界面 .............................................................................................................................32
§6.4.4 入区登记界面 .............................................................................................................................33
§6.6.5 系统管理模块 .............................................................................................................................33
第七章 医院病区管理系统程序测试.....................................................................................34
§7.1 测试目的与任务 .............................................................................................................................34
§7.2 测试环境和条件 .............................................................................................................................34
§7.2.1 运行环境 .....................................................................................................................................34
§7.2.3 初始数据的准备 .........................................................................................................................34
§7.3 测试方案 .........................................................................................................................................35
§7.4 测试实施 .........................................................................................................................................35
§7.4.1 测试内容 .....................................................................................................................................35
§7.5 测试的步骤 .....................................................................................................................................36
§7.6 测试结果分析 .................................................................................................................................36
总 结.........................................................................................................................................37
参考文献...................................................................................................................................38
致 谢.........................................................................................................................................39
1
第一章 绪论
§1.1 选题的目的和意义
开发医院病区管理信息系统的目标就是立足医院应用实际,着眼于未来发展,以强
化医院管理,提高医疗质量,方便患者就医和查询,提高医院的服务效率和服务质量,
设计一套符合医院功能规范要求,安全稳定,操作简便的医院病区管理信息系统,为医
院病区提供了一套全方位的解决方案。医院病区管理系统是医院自动化管理系统得一个
重要组成部分,它的开发大大的提高了医院病区管理的规范化能力。
病区是医院重要的组成部分,病区管理对医院有着很大的影响。本选题是用 power
builder 9.0 设计一个医院病区管理系统的前台界面,采用 Microsoft SQL SERVER 2000
作为后台数据库。主要实现出入院管理和病区管理。其中前者能实现入院登记、预交金
管理、出院结算功能,后者能实现入区登记、医嘱管理、病区发药以及病区退药等功能。
通过该毕业设计,掌握 power builder 9.0 一般编程和信息系统一般开发方法。
§1.2 国内外医院信息管理系统的发展与现状
国外医院信息化起步于 60 年代,发展于 80 年代,成熟于 90 年代,目前正在向纵
深领域扩展。美国 HIS 软件从病房护理系统入手,逐渐扩展到财务收费系统、辅助检查
系统、行政事务处理系统,90 年代电子病历系统已经成熟。
我国医院信息化起步于 80 年代,发展于 90 年代,2000 年以后属于诸国纷争的信息
时代。国内 HIS 软件从病案统计入手,逐渐转入“以财务为中心”的收费软件,近年来
又转入“以临床为中心的”电子病历系统。
国内 HIS 软件与国外相比,至少晚十年的时间,但由于医院的特殊性,国外公司进
入国内至今成功的案例很少,这也为我国的 HIS 公司提供了发展的平台。2000 年以后,
国内 HIS 公司数以百计,较出名的却不出 10 家,平均每家公司的客户数量约为 300 家,
仅占全国县级以上医院总数量的 18%,真正形成规模的 HIS 公司尚未出现。并且这 10 家
公司大多数都生存艰难。
但总的来看,国内的医院病区管理系统缺乏规范,随意性强,大多存在操作复杂缺
陷。目前大多的系统还需有专业知识的人进行操作和维护。
由于现在人们对医疗水平的要求逐渐增高,医院也越来越注意到医疗信息化的重要
性,这就为医院病区管理系统的推广及发展创造了良好的条件,在中国发展医院管理信