【知识点详解】
1. **make的基本含义**:`make`是一个非常常见的动词,它可以表示“做、制造、制作”,也可以表示“使、使得”。
- **制作**:当make表示“制作”时,可以使用以下句型:
- `make sth.`:制造某物,如例子中的`She can make kites.`。
- `make sb. sth.` / `make sth. for sb.`:为某人制作某物,例如`His mother made him a beautiful coat.`。
- **被动语态**:`be made of/ from`: 表示“由...制成”,`be made in`: 表示“在...制造”,`be made by`: 表示“被...制造”。
2. **使役含义**:当make表示“使、使得”时,常用于`make sb./sth. + 宾补`的结构,宾补可以是形容词、名词、过去分词等。
- **使某人或某物处于某种状态**:`make + sb./sth. + adj.`,例如`The news made him happy.`。此结构中,若宾补是不定式,通常用`it`作为形式宾语,实际宾语(不定式或从句)后置,如`Computers make it easier to learn English.`。
- **使某人或某物做某事**:`make + sb./sth. + 省略to的动词不定式`,例如`Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts.`。被动语态中,`to`需要还原,如`We are often made to retell the texts.`。
3. **make的短语**:`make`可以构成多种短语,包括但不限于:
- `make the bed`:铺床
- `make a plan`:制定计划
- `make trouble`:制造麻烦
- `make faces`:做鬼脸
- `make friends`:交朋友
- `make cakes`:做蛋糕
- `make noises`:制造噪音
- `make paper`:造纸
- `make money`:赚钱
- `make yourself at home`:请自便
- `make oneself understood`:使别人理解
- `make progress`:取得进步
- `make up`:编造/化妆/构成
- `make use of`:利用
- `be made of/ from`:由...制成
- `be made in`:在...制造
- `be made up of`:由...组成
- `make a decision`:下决定
- `make sure`:确保/弄清楚
- `make up one's mind`:下决心
4. **巩固练习的翻译**:
- 1. `Why did the teacher make him stay in the classroom after school?`
- 2. `Have you made your bed yet?`
- 3. `Small animals make the monkey the king of the forest.`
- 4. `Tell him not to make faces in class.`
- 5. `She has made over twenty model planes since she came to China.`
- 6. `I have made up my mind to learn English well.`
- 7. `What he has said makes me very sad.`
- 8. `These toy dogs are made of wood.`
- 9. 请提供缺失的句子内容进行翻译。
- 10. 同上。
以上是对`make`在初中阶段用法的详细总结,包括其基本含义、使役用法以及相关的短语和句型,希望对你的学习有所帮助。请继续练习并熟悉这些知识点,以提升你的英语能力。