商务英语关联词汇

一、business and businesses 商业和公司

A business,company,or firm is an organization that sells goods or services .A business

may also be referred to formally as a concern. Business is the production, buying, and

selling of goods and services.

A business may be referred to approvingly as an enterprise to emphasize its adventurous,

risk-taking qualities, and business in general may be referred to in the same way, for

example in combinations such as free enterprise and private enterprise.

Business is also referred to as commerce. This word, and its related adjective commercial,

Enterprise 企事业单位 Free Enterprise 自由企业

Private Enterprise 私人企业

二、From multinationals to small firms 从跨国公司到小型企业

Large companies are referred to as corporations, especially in the United States. Corporate

is used to describe things relating to a corporation, or to corporations in general, in

expressions like the ones in the next exercise. Large companies operating in many

countries are multinationals.

Big business can refer to large business organizations or to any business activity that

makes a lot of money. Small companies are referred to as small businesses or small firms.

Unlike some languages, English does not have an everyday term for small and medium-

Multinational 跨国的；多国的 Big business 大型企业；大公司

Businesses may be classified according to which industry they are in: for example

construction, oil, banking, food.

Sector is sometimes used to mean industry in the same way, particularly by specialists

such as financial journalists, but it is more often used to talk about different parts of the

economy in combinations such as public sector and private sector, or about types of

business in expressions like service sector and manufacturing sector.

注释：

Industry 工业；产业 Sector 部门；部分

Public sector 公共部门 Private sector 私营部门

manufacturing sector 制造部门 Service sector 服务部门

the public supply of electricity, water and gas: the utilities.

注释：

Nationalized 国有化的 Nationalization 国有化

Privatized 私有化的 Privatization 私有化

五、Stakes 份额；股份

If Company A owns shares or equity in Company B, A has or holds a stake, holding or

shareholding in B. If A owns less than half the shares in B, it has a minority stake in B.

If A owns more than half the shares in B, it has a majority stake or controlling stake in B.

If you have shares in a company you are a shareholder.

注释：

Shares/stake 份额； 股份 Equity 股份；产权；普通股票

一、Parents and sisters 母公司和姐妹公司

A holding or holding company is one that holds stakes in one or more subsidiaries. If it

owns all the shares in a subsidiary, the subsidiary is a wholly-owned one.

A holding company's relationship to its subsidiaries is that of parent company, and the

subsidiaries relationship to each other is that of sister companies. A holding and its

subsidiaries form a group.