[![Total Downloads](https://img.shields.io/packagist/dt/cakephp/database.svg?style=flat-square)](https://packagist.org/packages/cakephp/database)
[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg?style=flat-square)](LICENSE.txt)
# A flexible and lightweight Database Library for PHP
This library abstracts and provides help with most aspects of dealing with relational
databases such as keeping connections to the server, building queries,
preventing SQL injections, inspecting and altering schemas, and with debugging and
profiling queries sent to the database.
It adopts the API from the native PDO extension in PHP for familiarity, but solves many of the
inconsistencies PDO has, while also providing several features that extend PDO's capabilities.
A distinguishing factor of this library when compared to similar database connection packages,
is that it takes the concept of "data types" to its core. It lets you work with complex PHP objects
or structures that can be passed as query conditions or to be inserted in the database.
The typing system will intelligently convert the PHP structures when passing them to the database, and
convert them back when retrieving.
## Connecting to the database
This library is able to work with the following databases:
* MySQL
* Postgres
* SQLite
* Microsoft SQL Server (2008 and above)
The first thing you need to do when using this library is create a connection object.
Before performing any operations with the connection, you need to specify a driver
to use:
```php
use Cake\Database\Connection;
use Cake\Database\Driver\Mysql;
$driver = new Mysql([
'database' => 'test',
'username' => 'root',
'password' => 'secret'
]);
$connection = new Connection([
'driver' => $driver
]);
```
Drivers are classes responsible for actually executing the commands to the database and
correctly building the SQL according to the database specific dialect. Drivers can also
be specified by passing a class name. In that case, include all the connection details
directly in the options array:
```php
use Cake\Database\Connection;
$connection = new Connection([
'driver' => 'Cake\Database\Driver\Sqlite',
'database' => '/path/to/file.db'
]);
```
### Connection options
This is a list of possible options that can be passed when creating a connection:
* `persistent`: Creates a persistent connection
* `host`: The server host
* `database`: The database name
* `username`: Login credential
* `password`: Connection secret
* `encoding`: The connection encoding (or charset)
* `timezone`: The connection timezone or time offset
## Using connections
After creating a connection, you can immediately interact with the database. You can choose
either to use the shorthand methods `execute()`, `insert()`, `update()`, `delete()` or use the
`newQuery()` for using a query builder.
The easiest way of executing queries is by using the `execute()` method, it will return a
`Cake\Database\StatementInterface` that you can use to get the data back:
```php
$statement = $connection->execute('SELECT * FROM articles');
while($row = $statement->fetch('assoc')) {
echo $row['title'] . PHP_EOL;
}
```
Binding values to parametrized arguments is also possible with the execute function:
```php
$statement = $connection->execute('SELECT * FROM articles WHERE id = :id', ['id' => 1], ['id' => 'integer']);
$results = $statement->fetch('assoc');
```
The third parameter is the types the passed values should be converted to when passed to the database. If
no types are passed, all arguments will be interpreted as a string.
Alternatively you can construct a statement manually and then fetch rows from it:
```php
$statement = $connection->prepare('SELECT * from articles WHERE id != :id');
$statement->bind(['id' => 1], ['id' => 'integer']);
$results = $statement->fetchAll('assoc');
```
The default types that are understood by this library and can be passed to the `bind()` function or to `execute()`
are:
* biginteger
* binary
* date
* float
* decimal
* integer
* time
* datetime
* timestamp
* uuid
More types can be added dynamically in a bit.
Statements can be reused by binding new values to the parameters in the query:
```php
$statement = $connection->prepare('SELECT * from articles WHERE id = :id');
$statement->bind(['id' => 1], ['id' => 'integer']);
$results = $statement->fetchAll('assoc');
$statement->bind(['id' => 1], ['id' => 'integer']);
$results = $statement->fetchAll('assoc');
```
### Updating Rows
Updating can be done using the `update()` function in the connection object. In the following
example we will update the title of the article with id = 1:
```php
$connection->update('articles', ['title' => 'New title'], ['id' => 1]);
```
The concept of data types is central to this library, so you can use the last parameter of the function
to specify what types should be used:
```php
$connection->update(
'articles',
['title' => 'New title'],
['created >=' => new DateTime('-3 day'), 'created <' => new DateTime('now')],
['created' => 'datetime']
);
```
The example above will execute the following SQL:
```sql
UPDATE articles SET title = 'New Title' WHERE created >= '2014-10-10 00:00:00' AND created < '2014-10-13 00:00:00';
```
More on creating complex where conditions or more complex update queries later.
### Deleting Rows
Similarly, the `delete()` method is used to delete rows from the database:
```php
$connection->delete('articles', ['created <' => DateTime('now')], ['created' => 'date']);
```
Will generate the following SQL
```sql
DELETE FROM articles where created < '2014-10-10'
```
### Inserting Rows
Rows can be inserted using the `insert()` method:
```php
$connection->insert(
'articles',
['title' => 'My Title', 'body' => 'Some paragraph', 'created' => new DateTime()],
['created' => 'datetime']
);
```
More complex updates, deletes and insert queries can be generated using the `Query` class.
## Query Builder
One of the goals of this library is to allow the generation of both simple and complex queries with
ease. The query builder can be accessed by getting a new instance of a query:
```php
$query = $connection->newQuery();
```
### Selecting Fields
Adding fields to the `SELECT` clause:
```php
$query->select(['id', 'title', 'body']);
// Results in SELECT id AS pk, title AS aliased_title, body ...
$query->select(['pk' => 'id', 'aliased_title' => 'title', 'body']);
// Use a closure
$query->select(function ($query) {
return ['id', 'title', 'body'];
});
```
### Where Conditions
Generating conditions:
```php
// WHERE id = 1
$query->where(['id' => 1]);
// WHERE id > 2
$query->where(['id >' => 1]);
```
As you can see you can use any operator by placing it with a space after the field name.
Adding multiple conditions is easy as well:
```php
$query->where(['id >' => 1])->andWhere(['title' => 'My Title']);
// Equivalent to
$query->where(['id >' => 1, 'title' => 'My title']);
```
It is possible to generate `OR` conditions as well
```php
$query->where(['OR' => ['id >' => 1, 'title' => 'My title']]);
```
For even more complex conditions you can use closures and expression objects:
```php
$query->where(function ($exp) {
return $exp
->eq('author_id', 2)
->eq('published', true)
->notEq('spam', true)
->gt('view_count', 10);
});
```
Which results in:
```sql
SELECT * FROM articles
WHERE
author_id = 2
AND published = 1
AND spam != 1
AND view_count > 10
```
Combining expressions is also possible:
```php
$query->where(function ($exp) {
$orConditions = $exp->or(['author_id' => 2])
->eq('author_id', 5);
return $exp
->not($orConditions)
->lte('view_count', 10);
});
```
That generates:
```sql
SELECT *
FROM articles
WHERE
NOT (author_id = 2 OR author_id = 5)
AND view_count <= 10
```
When using the expression objects you can use the following methods to create conditions:
* `eq()` Creates an equality condition.
* `n
没有合适的资源?快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~
基于PHP的CakePHP编写的开源Web应用框架源码.zip
共743个文件
php:670个
ctp:22个
md:15个
1.该资源内容由用户上传,如若侵权请联系客服进行举报
2.虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(资源遇到问题,请及时私信上传者)
2.虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(资源遇到问题,请及时私信上传者)
版权申诉
0 下载量 190 浏览量
2023-07-30
21:51:32
上传
评论
收藏 1.52MB ZIP 举报
温馨提示
基于PHP的CakePHP编写的开源Web应用框架源码.zip
资源推荐
资源详情
资源评论
收起资源包目录
基于PHP的CakePHP编写的开源Web应用框架源码.zip (743个子文件)
sample.a68 409B
dev_error.ctp 7KB
missing_controller.ctp 3KB
missing_action.ctp 2KB
missing_view.ctp 2KB
exception_stack_trace.ctp 2KB
missing_helper.ctp 2KB
missing_component.ctp 2KB
missing_behavior.ctp 2KB
auto_table_warning.ctp 2KB
duplicate_named_route.ctp 2KB
exception_stack_trace_nav.ctp 2KB
missing_route.ctp 2KB
missing_template.ctp 2KB
pdo_error.ctp 1KB
missing_plugin.ctp 1KB
missing_layout.ctp 1KB
missing_cell_view.ctp 1KB
plugin_class_error.ctp 1KB
fatal_error.ctp 1KB
missing_datasource_config.ctp 1KB
missing_connection.ctp 1KB
missing_datasource.ctp 1017B
sample.html 405B
composer.json 4KB
composer.json 1KB
composer.json 1KB
composer.json 1KB
composer.json 1KB
composer.json 1KB
composer.json 1KB
composer.json 1KB
composer.json 963B
composer.json 928B
composer.json 915B
composer.json 915B
composer.json 912B
composer.json 844B
LICENSE 1KB
README.md 10KB
README.md 7KB
README.md 5KB
README.md 3KB
README.md 3KB
README.md 2KB
README.md 2KB
README.md 2KB
README.md 2KB
README.md 1KB
README.md 1KB
README.md 1KB
SECURITY.md 1KB
README.md 1KB
README.md 1KB
cacert.pem 214KB
FormHelper.php 108KB
Table.php 105KB
Validator.php 98KB
Response.php 91KB
Email.php 82KB
Query.php 78KB
ServerRequest.php 76KB
Validation.php 62KB
View.php 55KB
BelongsToMany.php 51KB
Association.php 48KB
Query.php 47KB
HtmlHelper.php 46KB
PaginatorHelper.php 45KB
EntityTrait.php 44KB
IntegrationTestTrait.php 42KB
Router.php 42KB
Hash.php 42KB
Text.php 40KB
CollectionInterface.php 40KB
RouteBuilder.php 37KB
TreeBehavior.php 35KB
ConsoleOptionParser.php 35KB
AuthComponent.php 33KB
Marshaller.php 33KB
Debugger.php 33KB
EagerLoader.php 31KB
TestCase.php 31KB
Shell.php 30KB
Controller.php 30KB
Folder.php 30KB
QueryExpression.php 29KB
Route.php 29KB
Connection.php 29KB
ExtractTask.php 28KB
RequestHandlerComponent.php 28KB
CollectionTrait.php 27KB
TranslateBehavior.php 26KB
SecurityComponent.php 24KB
HasMany.php 23KB
Inflector.php 23KB
Cache.php 22KB
EntityContext.php 21KB
TableSchema.php 21KB
ViewBuilder.php 21KB
共 743 条
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 8
资源评论
易小侠
- 粉丝: 6451
- 资源: 9万+
上传资源 快速赚钱
- 我的内容管理 展开
- 我的资源 快来上传第一个资源
- 我的收益 登录查看自己的收益
- 我的积分 登录查看自己的积分
- 我的C币 登录后查看C币余额
- 我的收藏
- 我的下载
- 下载帮助
安全验证
文档复制为VIP权益,开通VIP直接复制
信息提交成功