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OCI连接Oracle19c版本数据库 Oracle调用接口(OCI)是针对自定义或打包应用程序的Oracle数据库的全面,高性能本机C语言接口。 OCI非常可靠。SQL * Plus,Real Application Testing(RAT),SQL * Loader和Data-Pump等Oracle工具都使用OCI。OCI提供了其他语言特定接口的基础,例如Oracle JDBC-OCI,Oracle Data Provider for Net(ODP.Net),Oracle预编译器,Oracle ODBC和Oracle C ++调用接口(OCCI)驱动程序。OCI也被领先的脚本语言驱动程序使用,例如Node.js的node-oracledb,PHP OCI8,ruby-oci8,Perl DBD :: Oracle,Python cx_Oracle和统计编程语言R的ROracle驱动程序。 包括财富500强客户和ISV在内的广泛客户直接在OCI中开发高性能应用程序。 默认情况下,Oracle Database 18c中包含OCI库。OCI也在轻量级Oracle Instant Client中,允许ISV和客户快速安装和部署OCI应用程序和工具。有关更多信息,请参见Oracle Instant Client页面。
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Oracle® Call Interface
Programmer's Guide
19c
E96204-01
January 2019
Oracle Call Interface Programmer's Guide, 19c
E96204-01
Copyright © 1996, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Primary Author: Mamata Basapur
Contributing Authors: Rod Ward
Contributors: D. Adams, G. Arora, V. Arora, A. Bande, D. Banerjee, S. Banerjee, M. Bastawala, E. Belden, P.
Betteridge, N. Bhatt, T. Bhosle, J. Blowney, R. Chakravarthula, S. Chandrasekar, B. Cheng, D. Chiba, L.
Chidambaran, C. Colrain, T. Das, Ronald Decker, A. Desai, A. Downing, S. Fogel, T. Hoang, N. Ikeda, K.
Itikarlapalli, C. Iyer, S. Iyer, V. Jitta, C. Jones, A. Keh, B. Khaladkar, S. Krishnaswamy, R. Kumar, R. Kumar,
S. Lahorani, S. Lari, T. H. Lee, T. Li, C. Liang, I. Listvinsky, J. Liu, E. Lu, S. Lynn, K.Mensah, V. Moore, A.
Mullick, K. Neel, M. Orgiyan, E. Paapanen, S. Pelski, R. Phillips, R. Pingte, R. Rajamani, M. Ramacher, A.
Ramappa, S. Sahu, A. Saxena, S. Seshadri, R. Singh, B. Sinha, H. Slattery, J. Stewart, L. Sun, S. Suresh, S.
Tata, H. Tran, A. Tuininga, S. Vallapureddy, M. Vemana, S. Vemuri, B. Venkatakrishnan, K. Verma, G.
Viswanathan, S. Wolicki, L. Wong, S. Youssef, B. Zebian
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Contents
Preface
Audience lviii
Documentation Accessibility lviii
Related Documents lix
Conventions lx
Changes in This Release for Oracle Call Interface Programmer's
Guide
Changes in Oracle Database Release 19c Version 19.1 lxi
Changes in Oracle Database Release 18c Version 18.1 lxi
1
OCI: Introduction
1.1 Overview of OCI 1-1
1.2 Building an OCI Application 1-3
1.3 Alternatives to OCI 1-3
1.4 SQL Statements 1-5
1.4.1 Data Definition Language 1-5
1.4.2 Control Statements 1-6
1.4.3 Data Manipulation Language 1-6
1.4.4 Queries 1-7
1.4.5 PL/SQL 1-7
1.4.6 Embedded SQL 1-8
1.4.7 Special OCI Terms for SQL 1-9
1.5 Procedural and Nonprocedural Elements 1-9
1.6 Object Support 1-10
1.6.1 Client-Side Object Cache 1-11
1.6.2 Associative and Navigational Interfaces 1-11
1.6.3 OCI Runtime Environment for Objects 1-12
1.6.4 Type Management: Mapping and Manipulation Functions 1-12
1.6.5 Object Type Translator 1-13
1.7 Simple Oracle Document Access (SODA) 1-13
iii
1.8 Encapsulated Interfaces 1-14
1.9 User Authentication and Password Management 1-14
1.10 Features to Improve Application Performance and Scalability 1-15
1.11 Oracle Database Advanced Queuing 1-15
1.12 XA Library Support 1-16
2
Oracle Instant Client and Oracle Instant Client Light
2.1 About Oracle Instant Client 2-1
2.2 Install from ZIP Files, from RPMs, and from Oracle Universal Installer 2-3
2.3 Environment Variables for Oracle Instant Client 2-5
2.4 Database Connection Strings for Oracle Instant Client 2-6
2.5 SDK for Oracle Instant Client 2-7
2.6 About Oracle Instant Client Light 2-7
2.6.1 Globalization Settings 2-8
2.6.2 Libraries for Oracle Instant Client Light 2-9
2.6.3 Installing Oracle Instant Client Light 2-10
2.7 About Patching Oracle Instant Client Shared Libraries on Linux or UNIX 2-11
2.8 Regeneration of Data Shared Library and Zip and RPM Files 2-11
2.8.1 Regenerating Data Shared Library libociei.so 2-12
2.8.2 Regenerating Data Shared Library libociicus.so 2-12
2.8.3 Regenerating Data Shared Libraries libociei.so and libociicus.so in One
Step 2-13
2.8.4 Regenerating Zip and RPM Files for the Basic Package 2-13
2.8.5 Regenerating Zip and RPM Files for the Basic Light Package 2-13
2.8.6 Regenerating Zip and RPM Files for the JDBC Package 2-13
2.8.7 Regenerating Zip and RPM Files for the ODBC Package 2-13
2.8.8 Regenerating Zip and RPM Files for the SQL*Plus Package 2-14
2.8.9 Regenerating Zip and RPM Files for the Tools Package 2-14
2.8.10 Regenerating Zip and RPM Files for All Packages 2-14
3
Building and Configuring OCI Applications
3.1 Header File and Makefile Locations 3-1
3.2 Building an OCI Application on Linux and UNIX 3-2
3.2.1 Oracle Directory Structure 3-2
3.2.2 Demonstration OCI Programs 3-2
3.3 Building an Application on Windows 3-3
3.4 Database Connection Strings 3-4
3.4.1 Examples of Oracle Database Connection String Connect Identifiers 3-5
3.5 Client and Server Operating with Different Versions of Time Zone Files 3-6
3.6 OCI Client-Side Deployment Parameters Using oraaccess.xml 3-7
iv
3.6.1 About oraaccess.xml 3-7
3.6.2 About Client-Side Deployment Parameters Specified in oraaccess.xml 3-8
3.6.3 High Level Structure of oraaccess.xml 3-8
3.6.4 About Specifying Global Parameters in oraaccess.xml 3-9
3.6.5 About Specifying Defaults for Connection Parameters 3-11
3.6.6 Overriding Connection Parameters at the Connection-String Level 3-14
3.6.7 About OCI Session Pool Configuration in oraaccess.xml 3-17
3.6.8 File (oraaccess.xml) Properties 3-19
3.7 About Compatibility and Upgrading 3-20
3.7.1 Oracle Client and Server Cross Version Compatibility 3-20
3.7.2 Version Compatibility of Statically Linked and Dynamically Linked
Applications 3-20
3.7.3 About Upgrading of Existing OCI Release 7 Applications 3-21
3.7.4 Obsolete OCI Routines 3-22
3.7.5 OCI Routines Not Supported 3-24
3.8 Fault Diagnosability in OCI 3-25
3.8.1 About Fault Diagnosability in OCI 3-25
3.8.2 ADR Base Location 3-25
3.8.3 Using ADRCI 3-27
3.8.4 Controlling ADR Creation and Disabling Fault Diagnosability Using
sqlnet.ora 3-29
4
OCI Programming Basics
4.1 Overview of OCI Program Programming 4-1
4.2 OCI Data Structures 4-3
4.2.1 Handles 4-3
4.2.1.1 About Allocating and Freeing Handles 4-5
4.2.1.2 Environment Handle 4-6
4.2.1.3 Error Handle 4-6
4.2.1.4 Service Context Handle and Associated Handles 4-6
4.2.1.5 Statement, Bind, and Define Handles 4-8
4.2.1.6 Describe Handle 4-9
4.2.1.7 Complex Object Retrieval Handle 4-9
4.2.1.8 Thread Handle 4-10
4.2.1.9 Subscription Handle 4-10
4.2.1.10 Direct Path Handles 4-10
4.2.1.11 Connection Pool Handle 4-11
4.2.1.12 Handle Attributes 4-11
4.2.1.13 OCI Descriptors 4-12
4.3 OCI Programming Steps 4-17
4.3.1 OCI Environment Initialization 4-18
v
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