成人学士学位英语考试复习资料.doc资源-CSDN文库

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一、时态和语态

1. 如何解答时态问题

例 1：You’ve already missed too many classes this term. You ____A__ just last week.

last week 是明确表示过去的时间状语,就必须用一般过去时.

A. missed B. would miss C. had missed D. have missed

例 2：Anne asked Tom __B____ the key.

A. when he left B. where he had left C. how he left D. why did he left

考试重点：

2. 与完成时有关的时态

★现在完成时 (have done) since, for/ in the past few months, up to now 例 1 ：

Collecting toy cars as a hobby bees increasingly popular during the past fifty years. A

B C D

例 2：English ___C___ in a new way at my college in the past few years.

in the past 所以用完成时

A.has been teaching B. was being taught

C. has been taught D. had been taught.

★过去完成时 (had done)

例 3：Anne asked Tom ____B__ the key.

A. when he left B. where he had left C. how he left D. why did he left

例 4：The chemistry class__A___ for five minutes when we hurried there.

A. had been on B. had begun C. has been on D. would began

★将来完成时 (will have done) by

例 5：We’re late I expect the film__C__ by the time we get to the cinema.

A. had already started B. have already

C. will already have started D. have already been started.

★现在完成进展时 (have been doing)

例 6：It seems oil _____D______ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to

put it right.

A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking

★过去完成进展时 (had been doing)

★ 将来完成进展时(will have been doing )

例 7：By the time you arrive this evening, _____D__for two hours.

A. I will study B. I will have been studied

C. I had studied D. I will have been studying.

3. 在时间和条件状语从句中不用将来时态

▲用一般现在时代替一般将来时

例 1：When the mixture 混合物__C___, it will give off a powerful force.

A. will heat B. will be heated C. is heated 被加热 D. has heated

例 2：please be sure to telephone me the next time you __D____.

A. will e B. would e C. shall e D. e

▲用现在完成时代替将来完成时

例 3：Smith is to study medicine as soon as he____B___ military service.

A. will finish B. has finished C. finish D. would finish

注意：

例 4：No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or she____A_ them.

A. tries B. will try C. are trying D. have tried

4. 考试小窍门

◆考试中如果遇到与完成时态相关的选项，要重点加以研读，一般说来是正确答案。

二、情态动词

1. 几个情态动词的否认式的含义

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can’t

may not

mustn’t

need’t

2. 表示推测的几个情态动词用法

★must 表示肯定的推测，意思是“一定〞

+do 对现在情况的推测

must

+have done 对过去情况的推测

例 1：I _____C___ asleep in the corner, for I remember nothing of what happened during the night.

A. might fall B. must fall C. must have fallen D. can have fallen

★ can’t/could’t 表示否认的推测，意思是“不可能〞

+do 对现在情况的推测

can’t/couldn’t

+have done 对过去情况的推测

★ may/might not 表示可能性很小的推测，意思是“也许…〞

+do 对现在情况的推测

may/might

+have done 对过去情况的推测

3. 情态动词的完成时虚拟语气的用法

needn’t have done

should have done

should not have done

ought to have done

could have done

4. 考试小窍门

在遇到情态动词加完成时和情态动词加原形同时出现的情况下，一般说来情态动词加完成时是正确答

案。

× Must do

√ Must have done

三、虚拟语气

文通

考试重点：

1. 条件句中的虚拟语气

例１：I would ask George to lend us the money if I __C____ him.

A. had known B. have known C. knew D. would know

例２：If a better material ___A___, the strength of the part would have been increased.

A. had been used B. had been using C. being used D. using

条件句中的虚拟语气需要注意以下三点：

如果条件句中有 were, had, should 时，可以把 if 省略，然后把这三个单词提前，形成倒装。

例 3：D____ the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business.

A. If he took B. if he should take

C. Were he to take D. Had he taken

含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的应用

三级考试中经常出现的三个句型：

But for/without…，……

……, otherwise/or…

……, but/though….

例４：But for your help, I __D___ the work in time.

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A. did not finish B. could not finish

A. will not finish D. would not have finished

例５：Without electricity, human life ___D_ quite different today.

A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be

例６：He was very busy yesterday; otherwise he__A__ to the meeting.

A. would have e B. would e C. could e D. had e

例７：We would have made a lot of money, but we C halfway

A. gave up B. had given up C.would give up D. were to give up

错综时间条件句

例８：If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night.

2. (should )+动词原形在某些从句中的应用

1)当宾语从句从的谓语是 suggest, request, insist, desire , demand, propose, order, mand, arrange 等动词时,如:

例１：I suggested that we should go there on foot.

注意:当 insist 表示坚持认为之意时, 不用虚拟语气,用述语气. 如:

例２：The man insisted that he had never stolen the money

2) It is ordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/ 等后的主语从句中

例３：It is desired that we should get everything ready tonight 3) advice, idea, order, plan, demand,

proposal, suggestion, request 等名词之后的表语从句和同位语从句中.如:

例４：My suggestion is that we should hold a meeting this evening

3. wish 后的宾与从句中应当用虚拟语气

4. if only 引导的感慨句中

5. as if/as though 引导的状语从句中

6. would rather 后的句子的虚拟语气谓语动词用过去式

7. it is (high) time that ….句型中, 从句的谓语动词用过去式

四、非谓语动词

1. 不定式

不定式的逻辑主语

例１：The road is wild enough for cars to pass by.

例２：It is important for you to work hard.

例３：It is kind of you to help me.

不定式的时态和语态

例４：The magnificent museum is said ___B__ about a hundred years ago.

据说，那座宏伟的博物馆建成于大约一百年以前。

A. to be built B. to have been built

C. to have built D. to have being built

使用不带 to 的不定式

1)why not do 表示委婉的建议

例１：Why not___A__Professor Li for help He is kind-hearted and willing to help.

A. ask B. you ask C. to ask D. your asking

2)使役动词 have, make, let 的后面接不定式做宾语补足语时，用省 to 的不定式。

例２：The teacher has the students __D___ a position every other week.

A. to write B. written C. writing D. write

例３：While he was climbing the high mountain, he had his leg___B__

A. broke B. break C. broken D. breaking

例４：There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself___B__

make sb doing sth 在这里是被动所以用 being

A. hearing B. being told C. to hear D. heard

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now that

in that

2. 条件状语从句

unless

as long as

provided that

3. 让步状语从句

as

though

although

even if

even though

while

whatever

例 1：If you read the book a second time, and you will probably have quite a different

A B C

understanding of the events described in it.

D

例 2：Hard as he worked, but Mr. Brown couldn’t keep the shop properly.

A B C D

六、平行构造

and, or, but

比拟级

例 1：I enjoy eating in good restaurants and to go to the theater afterwards.

A B C D

例２：It usually takes much less time to fly from one country to another than traveling by train.

A B C D

例３：The rooms were then empty and most of them have been shut up.

A B C D

Prefer 引出的平行构造：

Prefer something to something

Prefer doing something to doing something

Prefer to do something rather than do something

Prefer 的特殊用法：

Prefer somebody to do something

e.g : I prefer you to speak English in the class.

1、a number of, the number of

　　 a number of +可数名词，谓语用复数，意为许多，大量的……

　　 the number of +可数名词，谓语用单数，意为……的数目

2、able, capable, petent

able 为常用词，指具有做某事所需的力量，技巧，知识与时间等，搭配是 be able to do s.th。如：A cat

is able to see in the dark. 〔猫在黑暗中能看见东西。〕

capable 指满足一般要求的能力，搭配是 be capable of +doing。

petent 指“胜任〞，“合格〞，或受过专业技术等训练的，但不是超群的能力。如：A doctor should be petent

to treat many diseases. 〔医生应该能治多种病。〕

3、above all；after all；at all; in all

above all 意为“尤其是〞、“首先〞、“最重要的是〞，常位于句首或句中，作插入语，起强调作用。

如：

But above all tell me quickly what I have to do．可首先快些告诉我该做什么。

after all 意为“毕竟〞、“终究〞、“终归〞、“到底〞，在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。

如：

After all，your birthday is only two weeks away．毕竟，两周后就是你的生日。

He is，after all，a small child．他毕竟还是个小孩子。

He failed after all．他终于失败了。

at all 用于否认句时，意为“丝毫；根本〞，用于疑问句时意为“终究；到底〞，用于条件句时，常译

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