Eclipse – 整合開發工具
基礎篇
Jacky Lee
2005/03/01
Eclipse-整合開發工具(基礎篇).doc 第 1 頁，共 287 頁
目錄
0.環境說明...........................................................................................................................................7
1.Eclipse簡介.......................................................................................................................................8
1.1 歷史背景................................................................................................................................8
1.2 開發原始碼軟體....................................................................................................................9
1.3 Eclipse版本介紹....................................................................................................................9
1.4 跨語言、跨平台..................................................................................................................10
2. Eclipse Platform.............................................................................................................................12
2.1 概觀......................................................................................................................................12
2.2 架構......................................................................................................................................12
2.3 專案與資料夾......................................................................................................................13
2.4 平台核心..............................................................................................................................13
2.5 工作區(workspace)..............................................................................................................14
2.6 工作台(workbench) .............................................................................................................14
2.6.1 視圖(View)................................................................................................................15
2.6.2 編輯器(Editor)..........................................................................................................18
2.6.3 視景(Perspective)......................................................................................................21
2.7 重新排列視圖和編輯器......................................................................................................22
2.7.1 放置游標...................................................................................................................22
2.7.2 重新排列視圖...........................................................................................................23
2.7.3 並列編輯器...............................................................................................................24
2.7.4 重新排列附加標籤的視圖.......................................................................................25
2.7.5 最大化.......................................................................................................................26
2.8 功能表和工具列..................................................................................................................27
2.8.1 功能表.......................................................................................................................28
2.8.2 圖示和按鈕...............................................................................................................43
2.9 視景......................................................................................................................................48
2.9.1 新視景.......................................................................................................................48
2.9.2 新視窗.......................................................................................................................50
2.9.3 儲存視景...................................................................................................................51
2.9.4 配置視景...................................................................................................................53
2.10 作業和標記........................................................................................................................54
2.10.1 不相關的作業.........................................................................................................55
2.10.2 相關的作業.............................................................................................................55
2.10.3 開啟檔案.................................................................................................................57
2.11 書籤....................................................................................................................................57
2.11.1 新增和檢視書籤.....................................................................................................58
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2.11.2 使用書籤.................................................................................................................60
2.11.3 移除書籤.................................................................................................................60
2.12 快速視圖(Fast View).........................................................................................................62
2.12.1 建立快速視圖.........................................................................................................62
2.12.2 使用快速視圖.........................................................................................................63
2.13 比較....................................................................................................................................64
2.13.1 簡單比較.................................................................................................................65
2.13.2 瞭解比較.................................................................................................................66
2.13.3 使用比較.................................................................................................................67
2.14 歷史紀錄............................................................................................................................70
2.15 回應 UI .............................................................................................................................72
3.喜好設定(Preferences) ...................................................................................................................75
3.1 工作台(Workbench).............................................................................................................76
3.1.1 外觀(Appearance).....................................................................................................78
3.1.2 功能(Capabilities).....................................................................................................79
3.1.3 顏色和字型(Colors and Fonts).................................................................................81
3.1.4 比較/修正(Compare/Patch) ......................................................................................82
3.1.5 編輯器(Editors) ........................................................................................................85
3.1.6 檔案關聯(File Associations).....................................................................................86
3.1.7 按鍵(Keys)................................................................................................................89
3.1.8 標籤裝飾(Label Decorations)...................................................................................98
3.1.9 鏈結資源(Linked Resources) ...................................................................................98
3.1.10 歷史紀錄(Local History)......................................................................................100
3.1.11 視景.......................................................................................................................101
3.1.12 搜尋(Search) .........................................................................................................103
3.1.13 啟動和關閉(Startup and Shutdown) ....................................................................104
3.2 Ant......................................................................................................................................106
3.2.1 Ant 編輯器(Ant Editor) .........................................................................................106
3.2.2 Ant 執行時期(Ant Runtime) .................................................................................108
3.3 建置次序(Build Order)...................................................................................................... 111
3.4 說明(Help) ......................................................................................................................... 112
3.4.1 說明伺服器(Help Server).......................................................................................114
3.5 自動更新(Install/Update) .................................................................................................. 115
3.6 Java..................................................................................................................................... 116
3.6.1 外觀(Appearance)................................................................................................... 117
3.6.2 類別路徑變數(Classpath variables)....................................................................... 118
3.6.3 程式碼格式製作器(Code Formatter)..................................................................... 119
3.6.4 程式碼產生(Code generation)................................................................................121
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3.6.5 編譯器(Compiler)...................................................................................................123
3.6.6 Java 編輯器(Java editor) .......................................................................................130
3.6.7 JRE 安裝(JRE installations) ..................................................................................138
3.6.8 JUnit........................................................................................................................139
3.6.9 新專案(New project) ..............................................................................................140
3.6.10 組織匯入(Organize imports) ................................................................................140
3.6.11「重構」喜好設定(Refactoring preferences).......................................................141
3.6.12 作業標示(Task Tags) ............................................................................................142
3.7 團隊(Team) ........................................................................................................................143
3.7.1 CVS.........................................................................................................................144
3.7.2 忽略的資源(Ignored Resources) ............................................................................149
3.7.3 檔案內容(File Content) ..........................................................................................150
4. Java程式開發...............................................................................................................................151
4.1 建立Java專案 ....................................................................................................................151
4.2 建立Java類別 ....................................................................................................................153
4.3 程式碼完成功能................................................................................................................155
4.3.1 Code Completion ....................................................................................................155
4.3.2 Code Assist..............................................................................................................155
4.4 執行Java程式 ....................................................................................................................156
4.5 Java即時運算簿頁面(Java Scrapbook Page)....................................................................159
4.6 自訂開發環境....................................................................................................................166
4.6.1 程式碼格式.............................................................................................................166
4.6.2 程式碼產生模板.....................................................................................................168
4.6.3 Javadoc註解............................................................................................................170
4.7 產生 getter 與 setter........................................................................................................175
4.8 建立 JAR 檔案.................................................................................................................176
4.8.1 建立新的 JAR 檔案 .............................................................................................176
4.8.2 設定進階選項.........................................................................................................178
4.8.3 定義 JAR 檔的 manifest......................................................................................179
4.8.4 重新產生 JAR 檔 .................................................................................................182
4.9.建立 Javadoc 文件...........................................................................................................184
4.9.1 選取產生 Javadoc 用的類型................................................................................184
4.9.2 為標準 doclet 配置 Javadoc 引數......................................................................185
4.9.3 配置 Javadoc 引數................................................................................................186
4.10 工作集(Working Sets) .....................................................................................................187
4.10.1 新增工作集...........................................................................................................188
4.10.2 隱藏「導覽器」視圖中的檔案...........................................................................190
4.10.3 顯示「導覽器」視圖中的檔案...........................................................................191
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5.除錯...............................................................................................................................................193
5.1 錯誤的程式........................................................................................................................193
5.2 設定岔斷點(Breakpoints)..................................................................................................194
5.3 逐步除錯............................................................................................................................199
5.3.1 Step Into ..................................................................................................................199
5.3.2 Step Over.................................................................................................................200
5.3.3 Step Return..............................................................................................................200
5.3.4 Drop to Frame .........................................................................................................200
5.3.5 Use Step Filters/Step Debug ...................................................................................200
5.4 繼續執行............................................................................................................................202
5.5 設定岔斷點的Hit Count....................................................................................................204
5.6 岔斷點組態設定................................................................................................................ 211
5.7 監視點(Watchpoint)...........................................................................................................213
5.8 方法岔斷斷點(Method Breakpoint)..................................................................................216
5.9 異常岔斷點(Exception Breakpoint)..................................................................................219
5.10 Java表示式及變更某些值...............................................................................................221
6.重構(Refactoring) .........................................................................................................................224
6.1 重新命名............................................................................................................................224
6.1.1 區域變數(Local Variable).......................................................................................224
6.1.2 欄位(Field)..............................................................................................................226
6.1.3 方法(Method) .........................................................................................................228
6.1.4 類別(Class)或是介面(Interface) ............................................................................230
6.1.5 套件(Package).........................................................................................................232
6.2 擷取(Extracting) ................................................................................................................234
6.2.1 擷取常數(Extracting a Constant) ...........................................................................234
6.2.2 擷取區域變數(Extracting a Local Variable) ..........................................................238
6.2.3 擷取方法(Extracting a Method) .............................................................................241
6.3 列入(Inlining) ....................................................................................................................246
6.3.1 列入常數(Inlining a Constant) ...............................................................................247
6.3.2 列入區域變數(Inlining a Local Variable) ..............................................................249
6.3.3 列入方法(Inlining a Method) .................................................................................251
6.4 變更方法簽章(Signature)..................................................................................................254
6.5 移動Java元素(Moving Java Elements) .............................................................................257
6.5.1 欄位(Field)..............................................................................................................258
6.5.2 Static Members .......................................................................................................259
6.6 自行封裝欄位(Self Encapsulating a Field).......................................................................262
7.要訣和技巧(Tips and Tricks) .......................................................................................................266
7.1 編輯程式檔(Editing Source) .............................................................................................266
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