量子密钥分发系统的实际安全性.pdf
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量子密钥分发系统的实际安全性
徐兵杰;陈晖;张文政
【摘 要】Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables to share a secret key
between two parties in the pres- ence of an eavesdropper (Eve). The
single-photon, entanglement-based and continuous variable QKD pro-
tocols have proved to be unconditionally secure under ideal (source,
channel, detection) assumptions. In practical QKD systems, the security
assumptions are not completely satisfactory so that security loopholes
exist. The unconditional security of practical QKD systems will be
compromised if these loopholes are not included in general security
analysis or no counter measures are made. To fight against the security
loop- holes due to the imperfect physical devices in practical QKD systems,
the theoretical security analysis in software, can be impraved which
includes all the loopholes in QKD systems ; or the physical implementation
of practical QKD system in hardware can be improved, where monitoring
devices should be added to moni- tor the practical security loopholes. In
this paper, the practical loopholes in QKD source, channel and de- tection
are reviewed in detail, while counter-measures are given to fight against
the loopholes.%量子密钥分发利用量子力学原理实现通信双方之间无条件安全的
密钥传输而不被未经许可的第三方所窃听。目前,单光子 QKD 协议,纠缠光子对
QKD 协议,连续变量 QKD 协议等在理想的光源、信道、探测模型假设下已经被证
明具有无条件安全性。然而,实际 QKD 系统所采用的非理想实际物理器件往往不完
全符合理论安全性分析中的模型假设,这将导致比较严重的安全漏洞,从而降低实际
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