Django-Rest-Framework 学生信息查询 RESTFul API 实现代码

from rest_framework.reverse import reverse from django.http import JsonResponse, HttpResponse, Http404 from django.shortcuts import render from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt from rest_framework import viewsets, permissions from rest_framework.decorators import api_view from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page from rest_framework.views import APIView from rest_framework.response import Response from rest_framework import status from rest_framework import mixins from rest_framework import generics from .models import Article, Company, Stuff from quickstart.serializers import UserSerializer, GroupSerializer, ArticleSerializer, CompanySerializer,StuffSerializer # Create your views here. class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet): queryset = User.objects.all().order_by('-date_joined') serializer_class = UserSerializer permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated] class GroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet): queryset = Group.objects.all() serializer_class = GroupSerializer permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated] @csrf_exempt # 如果不用@api_view, 必须加csrf_exempt #@api_view(['GET', 'POST']) def article_list(request): # List all code articles, or create a new article if request.method == "GET": qs = Article.objects.all() serializer = ArticleSerializer(qs, many=True) print(qs) print(serializer.data) return JsonResponse(serializer.data, safe=False) elif request.method == "POST": input_data = JSONParser().parse(request) serializer = ArticleSerializer(data=input_data) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save() return JsonResponse(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED) return JsonResponse(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) # @csrf_exempt @api_view(['GET', 'PUT', 'DELETE']) def article_detail(request, pk): # retrieve , update or delete a row of article model try: row = Article.objects.get(pk=pk) except Article.DoesNotExist: return HttpResponse(status=404) if request.method == "GET": serializer = ArticleSerializer(row) return JsonResponse(serializer.data) elif request.method == "PUT": input_data = JSONParser().parse(request) serializer = ArticleSerializer(row, data=input_data) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save() return JsonResponse(serializer.data) return JsonResponse(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) elif request.method == "DELETE": row.delete() return HttpResponse(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT) # ----------------------------------------------------------- # 用 classed based view 方式重写视图 # ----------------------------------------------------------- class ArticleList(APIView): """List all article for GET request, or create a new article for POST request""" def get(self, request, format=None): articles = Article.objects.all() serializer = ArticleSerializer(articles, many=True) return Response(serializer.data) def post(self, request, format=None): serializer = ArticleSerializer(data=request.data) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save() return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED) return Response(serializer.error, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) class ArticleDetail(APIView): """for Retrieve, update, delete view""" def get_object(self, pk): try: return Article.objects.get(pk=pk) except: raise Http404 # cache this page @method_decorator(cache_page(60*60*2)) def get(self, request, pk, format=None): row = self.get_object(pk) serializer = ArticleSerializer(row) return Response(serializer.data) def put(self, request, pk, format=None): row = self.get_object(pk) serializer = ArticleSerializer(row, data=request.data) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save() return Response(serializer.data) return Response(serializer.error, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) def delete(self, request, pk, format=None): row = self.get_object(pk) row.delete() return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT) # ----------------------------------------------------------- # 用 MIXINS 进一步简化 classed based view 编程 # ----------------------------------------------------------- """ class CompanyList(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, generics.GenericAPIView): queryset = Company.objects.all() serializer_class = CompanySerializer def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs) def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs) class CompanyDetail(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, mixins.UpdateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin,generics.GenericAPIView ): # 必须有设置属性 queryset 与 serializer_class queryset = Company.objects.all() serializer_class = CompanySerializer def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs) def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs) def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs) """ # ----------------------------------------------------------- # 在Mixins基础上，使用通用视图进一步简化 classed based view 编程 # ----------------------------------------------------------- class CompanyList(generics.ListCreateAPIView): queryset = Company.objects.all() serializer_class = CompanySerializer class CompanyDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): queryset = Company.objects.all() serializer_class = CompanySerializer # List and detail view for Stuff class StuffList(generics.ListCreateAPIView): # queryset = Stuff.objects.all() serializer_class = StuffSerializer def get_queryset(self): qs = Stuff.objects.select_related('company') return qs class StuffDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): queryset = Stuff.objects.all() serializer_class = StuffSerializer def get_queryset(self): qs = Stuff.objects.select_related('company') return qs # ----------------------------------------------------------- # Creating an endpoint for the root of our API # ----------------------------------------------------------- @api_view(['GET']) def api_root(request, format=None): return Response({ # 'users': reverse('article_list'), # 'groups': reverse('article_detail'), })