S3C2440A
32-BIT RISC
MICROPROCESSOR
USER'S MANUAL
(Preliminary)
Revision 0.12
(March 15, 2004)
2004.03.15
Preliminary product information describes products that are in development,
for which full characterization data and associated errata are not yet available
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
S3C2440A RISC MICROPROCESSOR PRODUCT OVERVIEW
1-1
1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
INTRODUCTION
This manual describes SAMSUNG's S3C2440A 16/32-bit RISC microprocessor. SAMSUNG’s S3C2440A is
designed to provide hand-held devices and general applications with low-power, and high-performance micro-
controller solution in small die size. To reduce total system cost, the S3C2440A includes the following components
separate 16KB Instruction and 16KB Data Cache, MMU to handle virtual memory management, LCD Controller
(STN & TFT), NAND Flash Boot Loader, System Manager (chip select logic and SDRAM Controller), 3-ch UART,
4-ch DMA, 4-ch Timers with PWM, I/O Ports, RTC, 8-ch 10-bit ADC and Touch Screen Interface, Camera
interface, IIC-BUS Interface, IIS-BUS Interface, USB Host, USB Device, SD Host & Multi-Media Card Interface, 2-
ch SPI and PLL for clock generation.
The S3C2440A is developed with ARM920T core, 0.13um CMOS standard cells and a memory complier. Its low-
power, simple, elegant and fully static design is particularly suitable for cost- and power-sensitive applications. It
adopts a new bus architecture known as Advanced Micro controller Bus Architecture (AMBA).
The S3C2440A offers outstanding features with its CPU core, a 16/32-bit ARM920T RISC processor designed by
Advanced RISC Machines, Ltd. The ARM920T implements MMU, AMBA BUS, and Harvard cache architecture
with separate 16KB instruction and 16KB data caches, each with an 8-word line length.
By providing a complete set of common system peripherals, the S3C2440A minimizes overall system costs and
eliminates the need to configure additional components. The integrated on-chip functions that are described in this
document include:
• Around 1.2V internal, 1.8V/2.5V/3.3V memory, 3.3V external I/O microprocessor with 16KB I-Cache/16KB D-
Cache/MMU
• External memory controller (SDRAM Control and Chip Select logic)
• LCD controller (up to 4K color STN and 256K color TFT) with 1-ch LCD-dedicated DMA
• 4-ch DMAs with external request pins
• 3-ch UART (IrDA1.0, 64-Byte Tx FIFO, and 64-Byte Rx FIFO) / 2-ch SPI
• 1-ch multi-master IIC-BUS/1-ch IIS-BUS controller
• SD Host interface version 1.0 & Multi-Media Card Protocol version 2.11 compatible
• 2-port USB Host /1- port USB Device (ver 1.1)
• 4-ch PWM timers & 1-ch internal timer
• Watch Dog Timer
• 130-bit general purpose I/O ports / 24-ch external interrupt source
• Power control: Normal, Slow, Idle and Sleep mode
• 8-ch 10-bit ADC and Touch screen interface
• RTC with calendar function
• On-chip clock generator with PLL
2004.03.15
Preliminary product information describes products that are in development,
for which full characterization data and associated errata are not yet available
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
PRODUCT OVERVIEW S3C2440A RISC MICROPROCESSOR
1-2
FEATURES
Architecture
• Integrated system for hand-held devices and
general embedded applications.
• 16/32-Bit RISC architecture and powerful
instruction set with ARM920T CPU core.
• Enhanced ARM architecture MMU to support
WinCE, EPOC 32 and Linux.
• Instruction cache, data cache, write buffer and
Physical address TAG RAM to reduce the effect
of main memory bandwidth and latency on
performance.
• ARM920T CPU core supports the ARM debug
architecture.
• Internal Advanced Microcontroller Bus
Architecture (AMBA) (AMBA2.0, AHB/APB).
System Manager
• Little/Big Endian support.
• Address space: 128M bytes for each bank (total
1G bytes).
• Supports programmable 8/16/32-bit data bus
width for each bank.
• Fixed bank start address from bank 0 to bank 6.
• Programmable bank start address and bank size
for bank 7.
• Eight memory banks:
– Six memory banks for ROM, SRAM, and others.
– Two memory banks for ROM/SRAM/
Synchronous DRAM.
• Complete Programmable access cycles for all
memory banks.
• Supports external wait signals to expand the bus
cycle.
• Supports self-refresh mode in SDRAM for power-
down.
• Supports various types of ROM for booting
(NOR/NAND Flash, EEPROM, and others).
NAND Flash Boot Loader
• Supports booting from NAND flash memory.
• 4KB internal buffer for booting.
• Supports storage memory for NAND flash
memory after booting.
• Supports Advanced NAND flash
Cache Memory
• 64-way set-associative cache with I-Cache
(16KB) and D-Cache (16KB).
• 8words length per line with one valid bit and two
dirty bits per line.
• Pseudo random or round robin replacement
algorithm.
• Write-through or write-back cache operation to
update the main memory.
• The write buffer can hold 16 words of data and
four addresses.
Clock & Power Manager
• On-chipMPLLandUPLL:
UPLL generates the clock to operate USB
Host/Device.
MPLL generates the clock to operate MCU at
maximum 533Mhz @ 1.35V.
• Clock can be fed selectively to each function
block by software.
• Power mode: Normal, Slow, Idle, and Sleep
mode
Normal mode: Normal operating mode
Slow mode: Low frequency clock without PLL
Idle mode: The clock for only CPU is stopped.
Sleep mode: The Core power including all
peripherals is shut down.
• Woken up by EINT[15:0] or RTC alarm interrupt
from Sleep mode
2004.03.15
Preliminary product information describes products that are in development,
for which full characterization data and associated errata are not yet available
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
S3C2440A RISC MICROPROCESSOR PRODUCT OVERVIEW
1-3
FEATURES (Continued)
Interrupt Controller
• 60 Interrupt sources
(One Watch dog timer, 5 timers, 9 UARTs, 24
external interrupts, 4 DMA, 2 RTC, 2 ADC, 1 IIC,
2 SPI, 1 SDI, 2 USB, 1 LCD, 1 Battery Fault, 1
NAND and 2 Camera), 1 AC97
• Level/Edge mode on external interrupt source
• Programmable polarity of edge and level
• Supports Fast Interrupt request (FIQ) for very
urgent interrupt request
Timer with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
• 4-ch 16-bit Timer with PWM / 1-ch 16-bit internal
timer with DMA-based or interrupt-based
operation
• Programmable duty cycle, frequency, and polarity
• Dead-zone generation
• Supports external clock sources
RTC (Real Time Clock)
• Full clock feature: msec, second, minute, hour,
date, day, month, and year
• 32.768 KHz operation
• Alarm interrupt
• Time tick interrupt
General Purpose Input/Output Ports
• 24 external interrupt ports
• Multiplexed input/output ports
DMA Controller
• 4-ch DMA controller
• Supports memory to memory, IO to memory,
memory to IO, and IO to IO transfers
• Burst transfer mode to enhance the transfer rate
LCD Controller STN LCD Displays Feature
• Supports 3 types of STN LCD panels: 4-bit dual
scan, 4-bit single scan, 8-bit single scan display
type
• Supports monochrome mode, 4 gray levels, 16
gray levels, 256 colors and 4096 colors for STN
LCD
• Supports multiple screen size
– Typical actual screen size: 640x480, 320x240,
160x160, and others.
– Maximum frame buffer size is 4 Mbytes.
– Maximum virtual screen size in 256 color mode:
4096x1024, 2048x2048, 1024x4096 and others
TFT(Thin Film Transistor) Color Displays Feature
• Supports 1, 2, 4 or 8 bpp (bit-per-pixel) palette
color displays for color TFT
• Supports 16, 24 bpp non-palette true-color
displays for color TFT
• Supports maximum 16M color TFT at 24 bpp
mode
• LPC3600 Timing controller embedded for
LTS350Q1-PD1/2(SAMSUNG 3.5” Portrait /
256K-color/ Reflective a-Si TFT LCD)
• LCC3600 Timing controller embedded for
LTS350Q1-PE1/2(SAMSUNG 3.5” Portrait /
256K-color/ Transflective a-Si TFT LCD)
• Supports multiple screen size
– Typical actual screen size: 640x480, 320x240,
160x160, and others.
– Maximum frame buffer size is 4Mbytes.
– Maximum virtual screen size in 64K color mode :
2048x1024, and others
UART
• 3-channel UART with DMA-based or interrupt-
based operation
• Supports 5-bit, 6-bit, 7-bit, or 8-bit serial data
transmit/receive (Tx/Rx)
• Supports external clocks for the UART operation
(UEXTCLK)
• Programmable baud rate
• Supports IrDA 1.0
• Loopback mode for testing
• Each channel has internal 64-byte Tx FIFO and
64-byte Rx FIFO.
2004.03.15
Preliminary product information describes products that are in development,
for which full characterization data and associated errata are not yet available
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
PRODUCT OVERVIEW S3C2440A RISC MICROPROCESSOR
1-4
FEATURES (Continued)
A/D Converter & Touch Screen Interface
• 8-ch multiplexed ADC
• Max. 500KSPS and 10-bit Resolution
• Internal FET for direct Touch screen interface
Watchdog Timer
• 16-bit Watchdog Timer
• Interrupt request or system reset at time-out
IIC-Bus Interface
• 1-ch Multi-Master IIC-Bus
• Serial, 8-bit oriented and bi-directional data
transfers can be made at up to 100 Kbit/s in
Standard mode or up to 400 Kbit/s in Fast mode.
IIS-Bus Interface
• 1-ch IIS-bus for audio interface with DMA-based
operation
• Serial, 8-/16-bit per channel data transfers
• 128 Bytes (64-Byte + 64-Byte) FIFO for Tx/Rx
• Supports IIS format and MSB-justified data format
AC97 Audio-CODEC Interface
• Support 16-bit samples
• 1-ch stereo PCM inputs/ 1-ch stereo PCM outputs
1-ch MIC input
USB Host
• 2-port USB Host
• Complies with OHCI Rev. 1.0
• Compatible with USB Specification version 1.1
USB Device
• 1-port USB Device
• 5 Endpoints for USB Device
• Compatible with USB Specification version 1.1
SD Host Interface
• Support SD/MMC Controller reset register.
• Normal, Interrupt and DMA data transfer
mode(byte, halfword, word transfer)
• DMA burst4 access support(only word transfer)
• Compatible with SD Memory Card Protocol
version 1.0
• Compatible with SDIO Card Protocol version 1.0
• Bytes FIFO for Tx/Rx
• Compatible with Multimedia Card Protocol version
2.11
SPI Interface
• Compatible with 2-ch Serial Peripheral Interface
Protocol version 2.11
• 2x8 bits Shift register for Tx/Rx
• DMA-based or interrupt-based operation
Camera Interface
• ITU-R BT 601/656 8-bit mode support
• DZI (Digital Zoom In) capability
• Programmable polarity of video sync signals
• Max. 4096 x 4096 pixels input support ( 2048 x
2048 pixel input support for scaling)
• Image mirror and rotation (X-axis mirror, Y-axis
mirror, and 180° rotation)
• Camera output format (RGB 16/24-bit and YCbCr
4:2:0/4:2:2 format)
Operating Voltage Range
• Core : 1.20V for 300MHz
1.30V for 400MHz
1.35V for 533MHz
• Memory:1.8V/ 2.5V/3.0V/3.3V
• I/O : 3.3V
Operating Frequency
• Fclk Up to 533MHz
• Hclk Up to 136MHz
• Pclk Up to 68MHz
Package
• 289-FBGA
