spring-boot-jdbc多数据源的demo
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在Spring Boot应用中,使用JDBC处理数据是常见的实践,特别是在需要管理多个数据源的场景下。本示例"spring-boot-jdbc多数据源的demo"将帮助我们理解如何在Spring Boot环境中配置和操作多个数据库。多数据源的实现允许应用程序根据业务需求灵活地切换或并行访问不同的数据库,这在分布式系统或者数据隔离需求较高的情况下尤为关键。 我们需要在`application.properties`或`application.yml`配置文件中定义两个或更多的数据源。例如: ```properties # 数据源1配置 spring.datasource1.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1 spring.datasource1.username=root spring.datasource1.password=password spring.datasource1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver # 数据源2配置 spring.datasource2.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2 spring.datasource2.username=root spring.datasource2.password=password spring.datasource2.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver ``` 接下来,我们需要创建数据源配置类,使用`@ConfigurationProperties`来绑定上述配置,并使用`@Bean`注解来创建DataSource实例: ```java @Configuration @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource1") public class DataSource1Config { private String url; private String username; private String password; private String driverClassName; // getters and setters } @Configuration @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource2") public class DataSource2Config { private String url; private String username; private String password; private String driverClassName; // getters and setters } @Configuration public class DataSourceConfig { @Bean(name = "dataSource1") public DataSource dataSource1(DataSource1Config config) { DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource(); dataSource.setDriverClassName(config.getDriverClassName()); dataSource.setUrl(config.getUrl()); dataSource.setUsername(config.getUsername()); dataSource.setPassword(config.getPassword()); return dataSource; } @Bean(name = "dataSource2") public DataSource dataSource2(DataSource2Config config) { // 同样方式配置dataSource2 } } ``` 有了数据源后,我们可以创建JdbcTemplate或NamedParameterJdbcTemplate的bean,分别对应每个数据源: ```java @Autowired @Qualifier("dataSource1") private DataSource dataSource1; @Autowired @Qualifier("dataSource2") private DataSource dataSource2; @Bean(name = "jdbcTemplate1") public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate1() { return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource1); } @Bean(name = "jdbcTemplate2") public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate2() { return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource2); } ``` 现在,我们可以在业务逻辑层(Service)通过@Autowired和@Qualifier来选择使用哪个数据源进行数据库操作: ```java @Service public class UserService { @Autowired @Qualifier("jdbcTemplate1") private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate1; @Autowired @Qualifier("jdbcTemplate2") private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate2; public User getUserFromDb1(Long id) { // 使用jdbcTemplate1查询数据库1 } public User getUserFromDb2(Long id) { // 使用jdbcTemplate2查询数据库2 } } ``` 此外,如果需要在运行时动态切换数据源,可以使用AbstractRoutingDataSource,它允许你在运行时根据某种策略(如事务、线程本地变量等)决定使用哪个数据源。 在"spring-boot-jdbc多数据源的demo"中,`dbs`可能包含了一些示例数据库脚本或测试数据,用于创建和填充数据库。这些脚本可以帮助开发者更好地理解和测试多数据源的配置。 这个示例涵盖了Spring Boot中使用JDBC操作多数据源的基本步骤,包括配置、创建DataSource、JdbcTemplate实例以及在业务逻辑中选择数据源。这样的设计使得在处理复杂数据库环境时,能够更加灵活和高效。
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