摘 要
激光通信是以激光光波为载波, 并用脉冲数字编码来调制这一载波的通信方
法激光具有扩散小、相干性和方向性好、光束功率密度大等优点, 因而适合于保
密通信和航天通信与无线电微波通信相比, 激光通信由于其通信容量大, 发射天
线体积小，抗射频, 抗电磁脉冲干扰以及反窃听性能好, 特别是抗核破坏能力强
等优点而倍受军事和航天领域的青睐。
本文介绍了大气激光通信的原理，以及激光通信系统的组成等。简要的介绍
了单片机 ATMEGA32 的结构特点和其引脚配置，简单说明它对音频设置的实现。
从而设计一款基于激光通信系统的语音传送装置。该论文介绍了系统的总体设计，
并着重说明该设计的硬件、软件的设计，然后简单描述了调试，分析的结果以及
设计中的不足之处。
关键词：激光通信 ATMEGA32 UART
ABSTRACT
Laser communication is based on laser light for the carrier, and
digital pulse code modulation of the carrier to the communication method
of the laser with the proliferation of small, coherent and directional,
and the beam power density, etc., thus suitable for secure communications
and space communications and radio compared to microwave communications,
laser communications as a result of its communications capacity to launch
anti-small RF antenna, anti-electromagnetic pulse interference, as well
as good anti-wiretapping, anti-nuclear damage in particular the
advantages of strong and popular military and space of all ages.
This paper introduces the principle of atmospheric laser
communications, as well as laser communication system。Brief introduction
of the structural characteristics of single-chip ATMEGA32 and its pin
configuration, a brief description of the achievement of its audio
settings so as to design a laser-based communications system of voice
transmission device. This paper introduces the system design, and
highlights the design of hardware, software design, and then a brief
description of the debugging, analysis, and design deficiencies.
Keywords: Laser communication ATMEGA32 UART
