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为搞好山东省交通科学研究所研发基地项目的结算审计工作,我跟踪审计部特针对本项目作如下要求,请各施工单位、供货单位遵照执行:and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm)
实验 8 插值
实验目的:
1.了解插值的基本原理;
2.熟练掌握插值的 Matlab 实现;
3.会用插值方法解决一些实际问题.
实验内容:
在数学中,有时需要查表,如对数表。在具体查表时,需要的数据表中可能没有,这时一般可以先找出
它相邻的数,再从表中查出其相应结果,然后按一定的关系把这些相邻的数以及它相应的结果加以修正,就
可求出要查数的数据结果的近似值。这个修正关系就是一种插值.
在实践中,常常需要测量某些数据,但由于客观条件的限制,所测得的数据可能不够细密,满足不了实践
的需要,这时便可以通过插值方法对数据进行加密处理。此外,对于给定的离散数据对,如果要找一个函数
来近似描述其对应关系,常常也需要插值。
8。1 插值简介
《微积分》中,用函数
描述一条平面曲线,但在实际问题中,此函数关系往往通过实验观测得
到的一组数据给出,如表 8—1。
表 8-1
怎样根据表 8-1 中的数据
( , ), 0,1, ,
i i
x y i n= L
,找出自变量
与因变量
之间的关系
的表达式?可以
采用插值。
所谓插值,就是根据给定的数据表,寻找一个解析形式的函数
,来近似地代替实际关系
,并且
满足
。对于解析函数
,可选择不同的类型,最常用的是代数多项式。不同的插
值问题,构造插值多项式的方法有时也不相同,较为常用的有拉格朗日(Lagrange)插值、分段线性插值和
样条插值。
8.2 一维插值的 MATLAB 实现
MATLAB 中常用的一维插值指令为
interp1(x,y,cx,’method')
其中,x,y 分别表示数据点的横坐标和纵坐标向量;cx 为待插值的横坐标数据向量,它不能超出 x 的范围;
method 为插值的使用方法,包括:nearest(最近邻点插值)、linear(线性插值)、spline(三次样条插值)
和 cubic(三次插值)。
例 1 试用分段线性插值和三次样条插值分别对函数
(
)进行插值,并与实际曲线
图比较。
解:假设已知给定曲线的初始节点为—5,且步长为 1,则用分段线性插值和三次样条插值分别对其插值
作图,相应程序如下:
x0=-5:5;y0=1./(1+x0。^2); %产生节点(x0,y0)
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