功率因数校正(PFC)手册
选择正确的功率因数控制器解决方案
HBD853/D
版本 2,2004 年 8 月
© SCILLC, 2004
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序言
针对全球高能效标准的电源设计
电源设计一直是一个极富挑战性的工作。随着许多传统的难题得以解决,一些有关电源
效率的规范和要求的标准将再次展现新的挑战。
规范标准的第一个阶段其实已经开始,针对降低待机能耗(低负载状态)方面。下一个
阶段的任务将更艰巨,就是提高工作状态下电源的效率。在美国国家环保局“能源之星”
(Energy Star) 计划以及中国中标认证中心 (CECP) 的推动下,世界各地正在公布有关电源
工作效率的新能效标准。
这些更有挑战性的标准将需要电源厂商及其供应商(包括半导体供应商)共同努力,提
供能符合这些新要求的解决方案。
在这些趋势中,IEC 1000-3-2 对功率因数校正(PFC)或降低谐波电流的强制标准要
求,是近年来电源结构方面最大的变化。随着所有设备的功率不断增大,及降低谐波电流的
标准也不断普及,越来越多的电源设计已经采用 PFC。设计人员因此面临这样一个难题,
既要在产品中采用合适的 PFC 电路,也要满足降低待机能耗、提高工作效率和 EMI 限制等
高效指标。
安森美半导体(ON Semiconductor)一直致力于按特定的电源要求提供最理想的解决
方案,包括为客户提供拓扑结构和元件选择方面的设计参考。本手册尝试着在满足系统总指
标的前提下对各种 PFC 方案进行全面的比较。随着新技术和新元件的推出,人们可能会放
弃一种方案去选择另外一种方案,但是本手册介绍的方法仍将是适用的,不会过时,可协助
电源设计人员针对其特定的应用产品获得最佳的 PFC 电路选择。
安森美半导体衷心地希望这本手册能帮助您设计出高效、经济的 PFC 电路。如需查看
这方面的最新资料,敬请访问我们的网站:www.onsemi.com.cn
。
http://onsemi.com.cn
3
目录
前言 ·············································································································································································· 4
第一章 功率因数校正方法概述 ····························································································································· 5
引言······························································································································································································ 5
定义······························································································································································································ 5
功率因数转换器的类型 ······························································································································································ 6
无源控制器·················································································································································································· 7
临界导电模式控制器·································································································································································· 8
连续导电模式控制器································································································································································ 10
平均电流模式控制器································································································································································ 11
第二章 比较有源PFC方法的方法学 ··················································································································· 18
方法的选择················································································································································································ 18
测试方法学················································································································································································ 19
比较准则···················································································································································································· 20
第三章 临界导电模式(CRM) PFC和直流-直流段 ····························································································21
功率因数转换器模式,传统升压法和跟随升压法的比较····································································································· 21
150W临界导电模式PFC设计实例 ··········································································································································· 22
结果···························································································································································································· 24
传统升压法和跟随升压法各自的优缺点 ································································································································24
120W直流-直流设计实例························································································································································· 26
第四章 连续导电模式(CCM) PFC ······················································································································ 28
150 W连续导电模式PFC设计实例 ·········································································································································· 28
结果···························································································································································································· 32
120W单段PFC反激设计实例 ··················································································································································· 33
结果···························································································································································································· 38
第五章 四种方法的详细分析和结果 ···················································································································39
预调节器段分析········································································································································································ 39
全功率段的分析结果································································································································································ 41
趋势图························································································································································································ 42
第六章 EMI考虑事项············································································································································44
背景···························································································································································································· 44
EMI测量结果 ············································································································································································ 44
对CRM转换器的更改 ······························································································································································· 47
对CCM转换器的更改 ······························································································································································· 48
参考文献 ····································································································································································49
附录 ············································································································································································ 50
补充文档
AND8016 使用Greenline™小型功率因数控制器MC33260设计功率因数校正电路························································· 57
AND8106 100瓦通用输入PFC转换器 ·································································································································· 67
AND8123 在临界导电模式下运行的功率因数校正段········································································································ 73
AND8124 90瓦通用输入单段PFC转换器····························································································································· 91
AND8147 一种获得适用于分布式系统的单段PFC和步降转换的创新方法 ··································································· 100