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Oracle9iDBA Fundamentals I
Volume 1 • Student Guide
D11321GC10
Production 1.0
May 2001
D32643
Authors
Sarath Chandran
Marie St. Gelais
S Matt Taylor Jr
Technical Reviewers
Howard Bradley
Ruth Baylis
Paul Cartwright
Trevor Davis
Joel Goodman
Scott Gossett
Tomoki Ishii
Peter Kilpatrick
Stefan Lindblad
Howard Ostrow
Ashesh Parekh
Radhanes Petronilla
Venceslava Pretlova
Andreas Reinhardt
Ranbir Singh
Peter Sharman
Barry Trute
Ric VanDyke
Karla Villasenor
John Watson
Teppei Yagihashi
Publisher
Shane Mattimoe
Copyright © Oracle Corporation, 2001. All rights reserved.
This documentation contains proprietary information of Oracle Corporation. It is
provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure
and is also protected by copyright law. Reverse engineering of the software is
prohibited. If this documentation is delivered to a U.S. Government Agency of the
Department of Defense, then it is delivered with Restricted Rights and the
following legend is applicable:
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions for
commercial computer software and shall be deemed to be Restricted Rights
software under Federal law, as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of DFARS
252.227-7013, Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software (October 1988).
This material or any portion of it may not be copied in any form or by any means
without the express prior written permission of Oracle Corporation. Any other
copying is a violation of copyright law and may result in civil and/or criminal
penalties.
If this documentation is delivered to a U.S. Government Agency not within the
Department of Defense, then it is delivered with “Restricted Rights,” as defined in
FAR 52.227-14, Rights in Data-General, including Alternate III (June 1987).
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find
any problems in the documentation, please report them in writing to Education
Products, Oracle Corporation, 500 Oracle Parkway, Box SB-6, Redwood Shores,
CA 94065. Oracle Corporation does not warrant that this document is error-free.
SQL*Loader, SQL*Net, SQL*Plus, Net8, Oracle Call Interface, Oracle7, Oracle8,
Oracle 8i, Developer/2000, Developer/2000 Forms, Designer/2000, Oracle
Enterprise Manager, Oracle Parallel Server, PL/SQL, Pro*C, Pro*C/C++, and
Trusted Oracle are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation.
All other products or company names are used for identification purposes only,
and may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Introduction
Course Objectives I-2
Oracle 9i Enterprise Edition I-3
Database Administrator Tasks I-4
1 Oracle Architectural Components
Objectives 1-2
Overview of Primary Componenets 1-3
Oracle Server 1-5
Oracle Instance 1-6
Establishing a Connection and Creating a Session 1-7
Oracle Database 1-9
Physical Structure 1-10
Memory Structure 1-11
System Global Area (SGA) 1-12
Shared Pool 1-15
Library Cache 1-16
Data Dictionary Cache 1-17
Database Buffer Cache 1-18
Redo Log Buffer Cache 1-21
Large Pool 1-22
Java Pool 1-23
Program Global Area (PGA) 1-24
Process Structure 1-25
User Process 1-26
Sever Process 1-27
Background Processes 1-28
Database Writer (DBWn) 1-29
Log Writer (LGWR) 1-30
System Monitor (SMON) 1-31
Process Monitor (PMON) 1-32
Checkpoint (CKPT) 1-33
Archiver (ARCn) 1-35
Logical Structure 1-37
Processing a SQL Statement 1-38
Summary 1-40
Practice 1 Overview 1-41
2 Getting Started With the Oracle Server
Objectives 2-2
Database Administration Tools 2-3
Contents
iii
Oracle Universal Installer 2-4
Interactive Installation 2-5
Non-Interactive Installation Using Response Files 2-6
Oracle Database Configuration Assistant 2-9
Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) 2-10
Oracle Software and File Locations 2-11
Database Administrator Users 2-12
Authentication Methods for Database Administrators 2-13
Using Password File Authentication 2-14
SQL* Plus 2-16
Oracle Enterprise Manager 2-17
Oracle Enterprise Manager Architecture: Java-Based Console and
Applications 2-18
Oracle Enterprise Manager Architecture: Managed Nodes 2-19
Oracle Enterprise Manager Console 2-20
DBA Tools 2-22
Summary 2-24
Practice 2 Overview 2-25
3 Managing an Oracle Instance
Objectives 3-2
Initialization Parameter Files 3-3
PFILE initSID.ora 3-5
PFILE Example 3-6
SPFILE spfileSID.ora 3-7
Creating an SPFILE 3-8
SPFILE Example 3-10
Oracle Managed Files 3-12
Oracle Managed File Example 3-14
Starting UP a Database 3-15
STARTUP Command 3-18
The ALTER DATABASE Comand 3-20
Opening a Database in Restricted Mode 3-21
Opening a Database in Read-Only Mode 3-23
Shutting Down the Database 3-24
Shutdown Options 3-25
Managing an Instance by Monitoring Diagnostic Files 3-29
Alert Log File 3-30
Background Trace Files 3-32
User Trace File 3-33
iv
Enabling or Disabling User Tracing 3-34
Summary 3-35
Practice 3 Overview 3-38
4 Creating a Database
Objectives 4-2
Managing and Organizing a Database 4-3
Creation Prerequisites 4-4
Planning Database Files Locations 4-5
Creating a Database 4-7
Operating System Environment 4-8
Using the Database Configuration Assistant 4-9
Create a Database 4-11
Database Information 4-12
Typical or Custom Install 4-13
Other Parameters 4-15
Complete Database Creation 4-16
Creating a Database Manually 4-17
Preparing the Parameter File 4-18
Creating SPFILE 4-19
Starting the Instance 4-20
Creating the Database 4-21
Creating a Database Using OMF 4-24
Troubleshooting 4-25
After Database Creation 4-26
Summary 4-27
5 Data Dictionary Contents and Usage
Objectives 5-2
Data Dictionary 5-3
Data Dictionary Contents 5-5
How the Data Dictionary Is Used 5-6
Data Dictionary View Categories 5-7
Dynamic Performance Tables 5-9
Querying the Data Dictionary and Dynamic Performance Views 5-10
Data Dictionary Examples 5-11
Summary 5-12
Practice 5 Overview 5-13
6 Maintaining the Control File
Objectives 6-2
Control File 6-3
v
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