!
Combining Belief & Desire
!
Basis of Utility Theory
!
Utility Functions.
!
Multi-attribute Utility Functions.
!
Decision Networks
!
Value of Information
!
Expert Systems
!
Rational Decision
◦
Based on Belief & Desire
◦
Where uncertainty & conflicting goals exist
!
Utility
◦
assigned single number by some Fn.
◦
express the desirability of a state
◦
combined with outcome prob.
expected utility for each action
!
Notation
◦
U(S) : utility of state S
◦
S : snapshot of the world
◦
A : action of the agent
◦
: outcome state by doing A
◦
E : available evidence
◦
Do(A) : executing A in current S
)(AResult
i
!
Expected Utility
!
Maximum Expected Utility(MEU)
◦ Choose an action which maximizes agent’s expected
utility
∑
=
i
ii
AResultUADoEAResultPEAEU ))(())(,|)(()|(
