公共垃圾桶设计
学 生 姓 名 :
学 号 :
所 在 学 院 :
所 在 专 业 :
指 导 教 师 :
职 称 :
目录
第一章 设计调研与设计定位· ······································1
1.1 设计调研与设计定位· ······································1
1.1.1 垃圾桶的分类·······································1
1,1.2 垃圾桶的颜色·······································2
1.1.3 垃圾桶的形状·······································2
1.1.4 垃圾桶的材质·······································2
1.1.5 垃圾桶的标志·······································2
1.2 人员调查·················································3
1.2.1 使用者调研·········································3
1.2.2 清理者调研·········································4
1.3 使用过程与使用环境调研· ··································4
1.3.1 使用过程调研·······································4
1,3.2 使用环境调研·······································6
1.4 调研分析·················································7
1.4.1 垃圾桶使用者的烦恼· ································7
1.4.2 垃圾桶清理者的烦恼· ································7
1.5 设计定位·················································7
1.5.1 需求分析···········································7
1.5.2 设计目标···········································7
第二章 设计分析·················································9
2.1 尺寸分析·················································9
2.1.1 尺寸人机分析·······································9
2.1.2 解剖学因素·········································11
2.2 垃圾桶的摆放·············································11
2.2.1 放置的场合·········································11
2.2.2 放置的间隔·········································11
2.3 使用者使用心理分析· ······································11
2.3.1 安全与卫生原则·····································11
2.3.2 人机交互原则·······································12
2.3.3 与环境相协调原则···································12
第三章 草图方案设计·············································13
3.1 造型方案一···············································13
3.2 造型方案二···············································14
3.3 造型方案三···············································14
第四章 设计方案完成·············································15
4.1 结构方案说明·············································15
4.2 材质方案说明·············································15
4.3 尺寸图···················································15
1
第 1 章 设计调研与设计定位
在生活中,到处都需要垃圾桶,办公桌下要有个纸篓儿,厨房里要有个装烂菜叶的
小垃圾桶,厕所里也需要装手纸的地方。本次设计调查主要是对公共垃圾桶的研究。
1.1 设计调研与设计定位
1.1.1 垃圾桶的分类
垃圾桶一般有两种:一体式和开盖式。
一体式包括桶体,投入口,回收口三部分。
如图 1.1 所示。
(a) (b)
图 1.1 一体式垃圾桶
开盖式包括桶体,投入口,桶盖,通常桶体内含有一个内桶,方便垃圾清除,其中
桶盖处可开启,作为回收口用,有时也省去投入口,只包括桶体和桶盖,桶盖既作为投
入口又作为回收口。如图 1.2 所示。
(a) ( b)
图 1.2 开盖式垃圾桶
2
1.1.2 垃圾桶的颜色
垃圾桶的颜色一般要起到识别作用,参照国际环保理念标准分类垃圾的颜色如
下:
绿色:表示可回收垃圾,垃圾的处理方法是回收加工再利用;
蓝色:表示厨余垃圾,垃圾的处理方法是加入特殊添加剂课制作成有机肥料;
红色:表示有害垃圾,垃圾必须进行特殊处理。
1.1.3 垃圾桶的形状
现在我国城市街道上常见的垃圾桶主要有方体和圆柱体, 这两种形式的垃圾桶形式
简洁、容积大,所以被广泛使用。垃圾桶的形状与结构有很大关系,开口、内相、回收
方式都会影响垃圾桶的形状。
1.1.4 垃圾桶的材质
主要塑料、不锈钢、金属、金属烤漆、钢木、大理石、玻璃钢等。
塑料垃圾桶: 加工简单, 易于清洁, 适合室内使用。 在室外的话, 对材料有了要求:
即不容易老化。
不锈钢垃圾桶:室外使用不会被雨腐蚀,但是存在被小偷偷走的可能。
金属垃圾桶:一般是用钢铁制作,耐用性高,而且以后还可以回收利用。钢铁的缺
点是容易生锈,一般会先经过除油除锈,然后再进行烤漆,以加强钢铁在户外使用的防
锈性。
陶瓷垃圾桶: 陶瓷已经是高档品的代名词。 陶瓷洁具易于清洁, 而且表面光洁度高,
给人高品质的感觉。
木质垃圾桶:质感好与环境容易协调。
钢木垃圾桶:钢铁框架,外面再加木条进行装饰,现在也有用塑胶木或环保木替代
实木的做法。
玻璃钢垃圾桶:玻璃钢垃圾桶,一般采用优质玻璃纤维与进口树脂着色合成它强度
高,耐腐蚀,耐酸碱,抗老化,太阳暴晒下不变形,抗紫外线,易清洗,操作方便,果
皮桶收集容量大,坚固耐用使用寿命长,果皮桶无盗用和回收价值。
1.1.5 垃圾桶的标志
评论0