MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual
3.6.8 Calculating Visits Per Day ................................................................................. 345
3.6.9 Using AUTO_INCREMENT ............................................................................... 346
3.7 Using MySQL with Apache .......................................................................................... 348
4 MySQL Programs .................................................................................................................. 351
4.1 Overview of MySQL Programs ..................................................................................... 352
4.2 Using MySQL Programs .............................................................................................. 355
4.2.1 Invoking MySQL Programs ............................................................................... 355
4.2.2 Specifying Program Options .............................................................................. 356
4.2.3 Command Options for Connecting to the Server ................................................ 369
4.2.4 Connecting to the MySQL Server Using Command Options ................................ 379
4.2.5 Connecting to the Server Using URI-Like Strings or Key-Value Pairs ................... 382
4.2.6 Connecting to the Server Using DNS SRV Records ........................................... 389
4.2.7 Connection Transport Protocols ........................................................................ 390
4.2.8 Connection Compression Control ...................................................................... 391
4.2.9 Setting Environment Variables .......................................................................... 395
4.3 Server and Server-Startup Programs ........................................................................... 396
4.3.1 mysqld — The MySQL Server .......................................................................... 396
4.3.2 mysqld_safe — MySQL Server Startup Script .................................................... 397
4.3.3 mysql.server — MySQL Server Startup Script .................................................... 403
4.3.4 mysqld_multi — Manage Multiple MySQL Servers .............................................. 405
4.4 Installation-Related Programs ...................................................................................... 408
4.4.1 comp_err — Compile MySQL Error Message File .............................................. 408
4.4.2 mysql_secure_installation — Improve MySQL Installation Security ...................... 410
4.4.3 mysql_ssl_rsa_setup — Create SSL/RSA Files .................................................. 414
4.4.4 mysql_tzinfo_to_sql — Load the Time Zone Tables ............................................ 416
4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables ...................................... 417
4.5 Client Programs .......................................................................................................... 426
4.5.1 mysql — The MySQL Command-Line Client ...................................................... 426
4.5.2 mysqladmin — A MySQL Server Administration Program ................................... 461
4.5.3 mysqlcheck — A Table Maintenance Program ................................................... 474
4.5.4 mysqldump — A Database Backup Program ..................................................... 485
4.5.5 mysqlimport — A Data Import Program ............................................................. 514
4.5.6 mysqlpump — A Database Backup Program ..................................................... 525
4.5.7 mysqlshow — Display Database, Table, and Column Information ........................ 545
4.5.8 mysqlslap — A Load Emulation Client ............................................................... 553
4.6 Administrative and Utility Programs .............................................................................. 565
4.6.1 ibd2sdi — InnoDB Tablespace SDI Extraction Utility ........................................... 565
4.6.2 innochecksum — Offline InnoDB File Checksum Utility ....................................... 568
4.6.3 myisam_ftdump — Display Full-Text Index information ....................................... 574
4.6.4 myisamchk — MyISAM Table-Maintenance Utility .............................................. 575
4.6.5 myisamlog — Display MyISAM Log File Contents .............................................. 591
4.6.6 myisampack — Generate Compressed, Read-Only MyISAM Tables .................... 592
4.6.7 mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility ........................................... 598
4.6.8 mysql_migrate_keyring — Keyring Key Migration Utility ...................................... 604
4.6.9 mysqlbinlog — Utility for Processing Binary Log Files ......................................... 610
4.6.10 mysqldumpslow — Summarize Slow Query Log Files ....................................... 636
4.7 Program Development Utilities ..................................................................................... 638
4.7.1 mysql_config — Display Options for Compiling Clients ....................................... 638
4.7.2 my_print_defaults — Display Options from Option Files ...................................... 640
4.8 Miscellaneous Programs .............................................................................................. 641
4.8.1 lz4_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump LZ4-Compressed Output ................ 641
4.8.2 perror — Display MySQL Error Message Information .......................................... 641
4.8.3 zlib_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump ZLIB-Compressed Output .............. 642
4.9 Environment Variables ................................................................................................. 642
4.10 Unix Signal Handling in MySQL ................................................................................. 645
5 MySQL Server Administration ................................................................................................. 649
5.1 The MySQL Server ..................................................................................................... 650
5.1.1 Configuring the Server ...................................................................................... 651
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