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C# Design Paerns
hp://www.dofactory.com/Paerns/Paerns.aspx#
Design patterns are recurring solutions to software 
design problems you find again and again in real-
world application development. Patterns are about 
design and interaction of objects, as well as 
providing a communication platform concerning 
elegant, reusable solutions to commonly encountered 
programming challenges. 
The Gang of Four (GoF) patterns are generally considered the 
foundation for all other patterns. They are categorized in three 
groups: Creational, Structural, and Behavioral. Here you will 
find information on these important patterns. 
To give you a head start, the C# source code is provided in 2 
forms: 'structural' and 'real-world'. Structural code uses type 
names as defined in the pattern definition and UML diagrams. 
Real-world code provides real-world programming situations where 
you may use these patterns. 
A third form, '.NET optimized' demonstrates design patterns that 
exploit built-in .NET 2.0, 3.0, and 3.5 features, such as, 
generics, attributes, delegates, object and collection 
initializers, automatic properties, and reflection. These and 
much more are available in our Design Pattern Framework 3.5
TM
. See
our Singleton page for a .NET 3.5 Optimized code sample. 
88Creational Patterns
88Abstract 
Factory
88Creates an instance of several families of 
classes
88Builder
88Separates object construction from its 
representation
88Factory 
Method
88Creates an instance of several derived classes
88Prototype
88A fully initialized instance to be copied or 
cloned
88Singleton 88A class of which only a single instance can exist
88Structural Patterns
88Adapter 88Match interfaces of different classes
88Bridge
88Separates an object’s interface from its 
implementation
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C# Design Paerns
hp://www.dofactory.com/Paerns/Paerns.aspx#
88Composite 88A tree structure of simple and composite objects
88Decorator 88Add responsibilities to objects dynamically
88Facade
88A single class that represents an entire 
subsystem
88Flyweight
88A fine-grained instance used for efficient 
sharing
88Proxy 88An object representing another object
88Behavioral Patterns
88Chain of 
Resp.
88A way of passing a request between a chain of 
objects
88Command 88Encapsulate a command request as an object
88Interpreter 88A way to include language elements in a program
88Iterator 88Sequentially access the elements of a collection
88Mediator 88Defines simplified communication between classes
88Memento 88Capture and restore an object's internal state
88Observer 88A way of notifying change to a number of classes
88State 88Alter an object's behavior when its state changes
88Strategy 88Encapsulates an algorithm inside a class
88Template 
Method
88Defer the exact steps of an algorithm to a 
subclass
88Visitor 88Defines a new operation to a class without change
Command Design Pattern
8definition
8UML diagram
8participants
8sample code in C# 
denion
Encapsulate a request as an object, thereby letting 
you parameterize clients with different requests, 
queue or log requests, and support undoable 
operations. 
 
UML class diagram
 2 / 193

C# Design Paerns

hp://www.dofactory.com/Paerns/Paerns.aspx#

participants

8888The classes and/or objects participating in this pattern are:

 Command88(Command)

o declares an interface for executing an operation

 ConcreteCommand88(CalculatorCommand)

o defines a binding between a Receiver object and an

action

o implements Execute by invoking the corresponding

operation(s) on Receiver

 Client88(CommandApp)

o creates a ConcreteCommand object and sets its receiver

 Invoker88(User)

o asks the command to carry out the request

 Receiver88(Calculator)

o knows how to perform the operations associated with

carrying out the request.

sample code in C#

This structural code demonstrates the Command paern which stores requests as objects

allowing clients to execute or playback the requests.

// Command pattern -- Structural example

using System;

namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Command.Structural

{

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C# Design Paerns

hp://www.dofactory.com/Paerns/Paerns.aspx#

88/// <summary>

88/// MainApp startup class for Structural

88/// Command Design Pattern.

88/// </summary>

88class MainApp

88{

8888/// <summary>

8888/// Entry point into console application.

8888/// </summary>

8888static void Main()

8888{

888888// Create receiver, command, and invoker

888888Receiver receiver = new Receiver();

888888Command command = new ConcreteCommand(receiver);

888888Invoker invoker = new Invoker();

888888// Set and execute command

888888invoker.SetCommand(command);

888888invoker.ExecuteCommand();

888888// Wait for user

888888Console.ReadKey();

8888}

88}

88/// <summary>

88/// The 'Command' abstract class

88/// </summary>

88abstract class Command

88{

8888protected Receiver receiver;

8888// Constructor

8888public Command(Receiver receiver)

8888{

888888this.receiver = receiver;

8888}

8888public abstract void Execute();

88}

88/// <summary>

88/// The 'ConcreteCommand' class

88/// </summary>

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C# Design Paerns

hp://www.dofactory.com/Paerns/Paerns.aspx#

88class ConcreteCommand : Command

88{

8888// Constructor

8888public ConcreteCommand(Receiver receiver) :

888888base(receiver)

8888{

8888}

8888public override void Execute()

8888{

888888receiver.Action();

8888}

88}

88/// <summary>

88/// The 'Receiver' class

88/// </summary>

88class Receiver

88{

8888public void Action()

8888{

888888Console.WriteLine("Called Receiver.Action()");

8888}

88}

88/// <summary>

88/// The 'Invoker' class

88/// </summary>

88class Invoker

88{

8888private Command _command;

8888public void SetCommand(Command command)

8888{

888888this._command = command;

8888}

8888public void ExecuteCommand()

8888{

888888_command.Execute();

8888}

88}

}

5 / 193

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