httptunnel源代码

Network Working Group R. Fielding Request for Comments: 2068 UC Irvine Category: Standards Track J. Gettys J. Mogul DEC H. Frystyk T. Berners-Lee MIT/LCS January 1997 Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1 Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. It is a generic, stateless, object-oriented protocol which can be used for many tasks, such as name servers and distributed object management systems, through extension of its request methods. A feature of HTTP is the typing and negotiation of data representation, allowing systems to be built independently of the data being transferred. HTTP has been in use by the World-Wide Web global information initiative since 1990. This specification defines the protocol referred to as "HTTP/1.1". Table of Contents 1 Introduction.............................................7 1.1 Purpose ..............................................7 1.2 Requirements .........................................7 1.3 Terminology ..........................................8 1.4 Overall Operation ...................................11 2 Notational Conventions and Generic Grammar..............13 2.1 Augmented BNF .......................................13 2.2 Basic Rules .........................................15 3 Protocol Parameters.....................................17 3.1 HTTP Version ........................................17 Fielding, et. al. Standards Track [Page 1]  RFC 2068 HTTP/1.1 January 1997 3.2 Uniform Resource Identifiers ........................18 3.2.1 General Syntax ...................................18 3.2.2 http URL .........................................19 3.2.3 URI Comparison ...................................20 3.3 Date/Time Formats ...................................21 3.3.1 Full Date ........................................21 3.3.2 Delta Seconds ....................................22 3.4 Character Sets ......................................22 3.5 Content Codings .....................................23 3.6 Transfer Codings ....................................24 3.7 Media Types .........................................25 3.7.1 Canonicalization and Text Defaults ...............26 3.7.2 Multipart Types ..................................27 3.8 Product Tokens ......................................28 3.9 Quality Values ......................................28 3.10 Language Tags ......................................28 3.11 Entity Tags ........................................29 3.12 Range Units ........................................30 4 HTTP Message............................................30 4.1 Message Types .......................................30 4.2 Message Headers .....................................31 4.3 Message Body ........................................32 4.4 Message Length ......................................32 4.5 General Header Fields ...............................34 5 Request.................................................34 5.1 Request-Line ........................................34 5.1.1 Method ...........................................35 5.1.2 Request-URI ......................................35 5.2 The Resource Identified by a Request ................37 5.3 Request Header Fields ...............................37 6 Response................................................38 6.1 Status-Line .........................................38 6.1.1 Status Code and Reason Phrase ....................39 6.2 Response Header Fields ..............................41 7 Entity..................................................41 7.1 Entity Header Fields ................................41 7.2 Entity Body .........................................42 7.2.1 Type .............................................42 7.2.2 Length ...........................................43 8 Connections.............................................43 8.1 Persistent Connections ..............................43 8.1.1 Purpose ..........................................43 8.1.2 Overall Operation ................................44 8.1.3 Proxy Servers ....................................45 8.1.4 Practical Considerations .........................45 8.2 Message Transmission Requirements ...................46 9 Method Definitions......................................48 9.1 Safe and Idempotent Methods .........................48 Fielding, et. al. Standards Track [Page 2]  RFC 2068 HTTP/1.1 January 1997 9.1.1 Safe Methods .....................................48 9.1.2 Idempotent Methods ...............................49 9.2 OPTIONS .............................................49 9.3 GET .................................................50 9.4 HEAD ................................................50 9.5 POST ................................................51 9.6 PUT .................................................52 9.7 DELETE ..............................................53 9.8 TRACE ...............................................53 10 Status Code Definitions................................53 10.1 Informational 1xx ..................................54 10.1.1 100 Continue ....................................54 10.1.2 101 Switching Protocols .........................54 10.2 Successful 2xx .....................................54 10.2.1 200 OK ..........................................54 10.2.2 201 Created .....................................55 10.2.3 202 Accepted ....................................55 10.2.4 203 Non-Authoritative Information ...............55 10.2.5 204 No Content ..................................55 10.2.6 205 Reset Content ...............................56 10.2.7 206 Partial Content .............................56 10.3 Redirection 3xx ....................................56 10.3.1 300 Multiple Choices ............................57 10.3.2 301 Moved Permanently ...........................57 10.3.3 302 Moved Temporarily ...........................58 10.3.4 303 See Other ...................................58 10.3.5 304 Not Modified ................................58 10.3.6 305 Use Proxy ...................................59 10.4 Client Error 4xx ...................................59 10.4.1 400 Bad Request .................................60 10.4.2 401 Unauthorized ................................60 10.4.3 402 Payment Required ............................60 10.4.4 403 Forbidden ...................................60 10.4.5 404 Not Found ...................................60 10.4.6 405 Method Not Allowed ..