TOGAF9.1第二部分：ADM_TOGAF分为几部分资源-CSDN文库

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TOGAF（The Open Group Architecture Framework）是一种广泛认可的企业架构框架，其版本9.1 提供了一套系统化的流程和工具来设计、规划、实施和治理企业的信息系统和业务架构。TOGAF分为两大部分，第二部分主要关注的是 ADM（Architecture Development Method），即架构开发方法。 1. **ADM（架构开发方法）**：这是TOGAF的核心，是一个迭代和灵活的过程，用于创建和管理企业架构。ADM包括一系列阶段，从初始的架构愿景设定，经过业务架构、数据架构、应用架构和技术架构的定义，到最终的实施和治理。每个阶段都产生特定的交付物，确保架构工作的连贯性和完整性。 2. **核心概念**：TOGAF关注的主要概念包括企业架构、架构开发方法、交付物、制品和构建块。企业架构是描述组织的业务、信息、应用和技术元素如何相互作用的模型。交付物是每个ADM阶段结束时产生的具体成果，如架构愿景文档、架构契约等。制品则是工作过程中创建的任何其他文件或模型。构建块是可重用的解决方案组件，可以加速架构的实现。 3. **企业连续统一体（Enterprise Continuum）**：这是一个概念模型，它描述了企业使用的各种架构资源（包括标准、框架、模型和构建块）如何沿着一个连续体从更通用到更具体的层次排列。这有助于企业选择适合其需求的解决方案。 4. **架构库（Architecture Repository）**：存储所有架构相关交付物和制品的地方，用于管理和维护架构信息，支持决策制定和知识共享。 5. **建立企业架构能力**：TOGAF强调了构建和维护企业架构能力的重要性，包括设置架构团队、定义角色和职责、以及建立必要的流程和支持机制。 6. **作为运行实体的架构能力**：这意味着架构团队需要像任何其他业务功能一样运作，拥有清晰的治理结构、资源和责任。 7. **与其他框架的协同使用**：TOGAF 并非孤立存在，它可以与其它架构框架（如 Zachman 框架、FEAF 等）结合使用，以增强其适应性和覆盖范围。 8. **定义**：TOGAF中的术语如抽象、施动者、应用和应用架构，都有明确的定义，确保所有参与者对概念有共同的理解。 TOGAF 9.1 的第二部分深入探讨了这些概念和过程，旨在帮助企业建立和利用有效的架构实践，以支持业务战略并驱动信息技术的创新和效率。通过理解和应用TOGAF ADM，企业可以更好地规划技术投资，减少系统集成的复杂性，并提高业务与IT之间的协作。

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TOGAF9.1 版本

TOGAF Version 9.1

（中文版）

The Open Group

第1章简介Introduction....................................................................................... 17 
1 TOGAF文件的结构Structure of the TOGAF Document ...................................................... 17 
2执行概述Executive Overview ........................................................................... 18 
第2章核心概念Core Concepts.................................................................................. 21 
1什么是TOGAF?  What Is TOGAF? ......................................................................... 21 
2在TOGAF背景环境下，什么是架构？ What Is Architecture in the Context of TOGAF? ........................ 21 
3 TOGAF涉及哪些种类的架构？ What Kind of Architecture Does TOGAF Deal with? ........................... 21 
4架构开发方法Architecture Development Method .......................................................... 21 
5交付物、制品和构建块Deliverables, Artifacts, and Building Blocks ..................................... 22 
6企业的连续统一体Enterprise Continuum ................................................................. 23 
7架构库Architecture Repository ........................................................................ 24 
8建立和维护企业架构能力Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise Architecture Capability ............. 25 
9将架构能力建立为运行实体Establishing the Architecture Capability as an Operational Entity ............ 25 
10使用TOGAF与其他框架Using TOGAF with Other Frameworks ................................................ 26 
第3章定义Definitions........................................................................................ 28 
1抽象Abstraction ...................................................................................... 28 
2施动者Actor .......................................................................................... 28 
3应用Application ...................................................................................... 28 
4应用架构Application Architecture ..................................................................... 28 
5应用平台Application Platform ......................................................................... 28 
6应用平台界面（API）Application Platform Interface .................................................... 28 
7架构风格Architectural Style .......................................................................... 28 
8架构Architecture ..................................................................................... 28 
9架构构建块（ABB）Architecture Building Block ......................................................... 29 
10架构连续统一体Architecture Continuum ................................................................ 29 
11架构开发方法（ADM）Architecture Development Method .................................................. 29 
12架构域Architecture Domain ........................................................................... 29 
13架构框架Architecture Framework ...................................................................... 29 
14架构治理Architecture Governance ..................................................................... 29 
15架构全景Architecture Landscape ...................................................................... 29 
16架构原则Architecture Principles ..................................................................... 29 
17架构愿景Architecture Vision ......................................................................... 29 
18制品Artifact ........................................................................................ 30 
19基线Baseline ........................................................................................ 30 
20无边界信息流Boundary less Information Flow .......................................................... 30 
21构建块Building Block ................................................................................ 30 
22业务架构Business Architecture ....................................................................... 30 
23业务功能Business Function ........................................................................... 30 
24业务治理Business Governance ......................................................................... 30 
25业务服务Business Service ............................................................................ 31 
26能力Capability ...................................................................................... 31 
27能力架构Capability Architecture ..................................................................... 31 
28能力增量Capability Increment ........................................................................ 31 
29沟通和利益攸关者管理Communications and Stakeholder Management ....................................... 31 
30关注点Concerns ...................................................................................... 31 
31约束Constraint ...................................................................................... 31 
32数据架构Data Architecture ........................................................................... 31 
33交付物Deliverable ................................................................................... 31 
34企业Enterprise ...................................................................................... 32 
35企业的连续统一体Enterprise Continuum ................................................................ 32 
36基础架构Foundation Architecture ..................................................................... 32 
37框架Framework ....................................................................................... 32 
38差距Gap ............................................................................................. 32 
39治理Governance ...................................................................................... 32 
40信息Information ..................................................................................... 32 
41信息技术（IT）Information Technology ................................................................ 32 
42互用性Interoperability .............................................................................. 33 
43逻辑的Logical ....................................................................................... 33 
44元数据Metadata ...................................................................................... 33 
45元模型Metamodel ..................................................................................... 33 
46方法Method .......................................................................................... 33 
47方法论Methodology ................................................................................... 33 
48模型Model ........................................................................................... 33 
49建模Modeling ........................................................................................ 34 
50目的Objective ....................................................................................... 34 
51特征模式Patterns .................................................................................... 34 
52绩效管理Performance Management ...................................................................... 34 

53物理的Physical ...................................................................................... 34 
54平台Platform ........................................................................................ 34 
55平台服务Platform Service ............................................................................ 34 
56原则Principle ....................................................................................... 34 
57参考模型（RM）Reference Model ....................................................................... 34 
58存储库Repository .................................................................................... 35 
59需求Requirement ..................................................................................... 35 
60路线图Roadmap ....................................................................................... 35 
61角色Role ............................................................................................ 35 
62分部架构Segment Architecture ........................................................................ 35 
63面向服务Service Orientation ......................................................................... 35 
64面向服务架构（SOA）Service Oriented Architecture .................................................... 35 
65解决方案架构Solution Architecture ................................................................... 36 
66解决方案构建块（SBB）Solution Building Block ........................................................ 36 
67解决方案连续统一体Solutions Continuum ............................................................... 36 
68利益攸关者Stakeholder ............................................................................... 36 
69标准信息库（SIB）Standards Information Base ......................................................... 36 
70战略架构Strategic Architecture ...................................................................... 36 
71目标架构Target Architecture ......................................................................... 36 
72架构视图分类法Taxonomy of Architecture Views ........................................................ 36 
73技术架构Technology Architecture ..................................................................... 37 
74过渡架构Transition Architecture ..................................................................... 37 
75视图View ............................................................................................ 37 
76视角Viewpoint ....................................................................................... 37 
77工作包Work Package .................................................................................. 37 
第4章发布说明Release Notes.................................................................................. 38 
1 TOGAF9的新特征是什么？What’s New in TOGAF 9? ....................................................... 38 
1.1本版中应用的变更Changes Applied in this Edition................................................. 39 
2TOGAF9的效益The Benefits of TOGAF 9 .................................................................. 40 
3TOGAF8.1.1结构到TOGAF9的映射Mapping of the TOGAF 8.1.1 Structure to TOGAF 9 .......................... 41 
4TOGAF9结构到TOGAF8.1.1的映射Mapping of TOGAF 9 Structure to TOGAF 8.1.1 .............................. 42 
5使用TOGAF Using TOGAF ................................................................................ 43 
5.1使用条件Conditions of Use....................................................................... 43 
5.2 TOGAF花费多少成本？How Much Does TOGAF Cost?................................................... 44 
5.3下载Downloads................................................................................... 44 
6为什么加入The Open Group? Why Join The Open Group? ................................................... 44 
第5章简介 Introduction...................................................................................... 46 
1 ADM概述 ADM Overview ................................................................................ 46 
1.1 ADM、企业的连续统一体和架构库 The ADM, Enterprise Continuum, and Architecture Repository....... 46 
1.2 ADM和基础架构 The ADM and the Foundation Architecture.......................................... 47 
1.3 ADM和支持指南和技巧 ADM and Supporting Guidelines and Techniques............................... 47 
2架构开发周期 Architecture Development Cycle .......................................................... 47 
2.1关键点 Key Points............................................................................... 47 
2.2基本结构 Basic Structure........................................................................ 48 
3 ADM的适应性调整 Adapting the ADM .................................................................... 49 
4架构治理 Architecture Governance ..................................................................... 50 
5界定架构的范围 Scoping the Architecture .............................................................. 51 
5.1广度 Breadth.................................................................................... 52 
5.2深度 Depth...................................................................................... 52 
5.3时间区间 Time Period............................................................................ 53 
5.4架构域 Architecture Domains..................................................................... 53 
6架构综合 Architecture Integration .................................................................... 54 
7概要总结 Summary ..................................................................................... 54 
第6章预备阶段 Preliminary Phase............................................................................. 56 
1目的 Objectives ...................................................................................... 56 
2实施途径 Approach .................................................................................... 57 
2.1企业Enterprise.................................................................................. 57 
2.2组织的背景环境 Organizational Context........................................................... 57 
2.3架构工作的需求 Requirements for Architecture Work............................................... 58 
2.4原则 Principles................................................................................. 58 
2.5管理框架 Management Frameworks.................................................................. 59 
2.6使管理框架相关联 Relating the Management Frameworks............................................. 60 
2.7企业架构/业务变革成熟度评估规划  Planning  for  Enterprise  Architecture/Business  Change  Maturity 
Evaluation........................................................................................... 61 
3输入 Inputs .......................................................................................... 61 
3.1企业的外部参考资料 Reference Materials External to the Enterprise............................... 61 
3.2非架构输入 Non-Architectural Inputs............................................................. 61 

3.3架构输入 Architectural Inputs................................................................... 62 
4步骤 Steps ........................................................................................... 62 
4.1界定受影响的企业组织的范围 Scope the Enterprise Organizations Impacted.......................... 63 
4.2确认治理和支持框架 Confirm Governance and Support Frameworks.................................... 63 
4.3定义并建立企业架构团队和组织 Define and Establish Enterprise Architecture Team and Organization. 63 
4.4识别和建立架构原则 Identify and Establish Architecture Principles............................... 64 
4.5剪裁TOGAF以及其他选定的架构框架(如果有)  Tailor  TOGAF  and,  if  Any,  Other  Selected  Architecture 
Framework(s)......................................................................................... 64 
4.6实施架构的工具 Implement Architecture Tools..................................................... 64 
5输出 Outputs ......................................................................................... 64 
第7章阶段A:架构愿景 Phase A: Architecture Vision............................................................ 66 
1目的 Objectives ...................................................................................... 66 
2实施途径 Approach .................................................................................... 66 
2.1概述 General.................................................................................... 66 
2.2创建架构愿景 Creating the Architecture Vision................................................... 67 
2.3业务场景 Business Scenarios..................................................................... 67 
3输入 Inputs .......................................................................................... 68 
3.1企业外部的参考资料 Reference Materials External to the Enterprise............................... 68 
3.2非架构输入 Non-Architectural Inputs............................................................. 68 
3.3架构输入 Architectural Inputs................................................................... 68 
4步骤 Steps ........................................................................................... 68 
4.1建立架构项目 Establish the Architecture Project................................................. 69 
4.2识别利益攸关者、关注点和业务需求 
Identify Stakeholders, Concerns, and Business Requirements
 .......... 69 
4.3确认和详细阐述业务目标、业务驱动因素和约束 
Confirm  and  Elaborate  Business  Goals,  Business  Drivers,  and 
Constraints
 ........................................................................................... 70 
4.4评价业务能力 Evaluate Business Capabilities..................................................... 70 
4.5评估业务转型准备度 Assess Readiness for Business Transformation................................. 70 
4.6定义范围 Define Scope........................................................................... 70 
4.7确认和详细阐述架构原则，包括业务原则 
Confirm  and  Elaborate  Architecture  Principles,  including  Business 
Principles
............................................................................................ 71 
4.8开发架构愿景 Develop Architecture Vision........................................................ 71 
4.9定义目标架构价值主张和KPI  Define the Target Architecture Value Propositions and KPIs........... 71 
4.10识别业务转型风险和缓解活动 
Identify the Business Transformation Risks and Mitigation Activities
 ...... 72 
4.11开发架构工作说明书；确保批准 Develop Statement of Architecture Work; Secure Approval........... 72 
5输出 Outputs ......................................................................................... 72 
第8章 阶段B:业务架构 Phase B: Business Architecture......................................................... 74 
1目的 Objectives ...................................................................................... 74 
2实施途径 Approach .................................................................................... 74 
2.1概述 General.................................................................................... 74 
2.2开发基线描述 Developing the Baseline Description................................................ 75 
2.3业务建模 Business Modeling...................................................................... 76 
2.4架构存储库 Architecture Repository.............................................................. 77 
3输入 Inputs .......................................................................................... 77 
3.1企业外部参考资料 Reference Materials External to the Enterprise................................. 78 
3.2非架构输入 Non-Architectural Inputs............................................................. 78 
3.3架构输入 Architectural Inputs................................................................... 78 
4步骤 Steps ........................................................................................... 79 
4.1选择参考模型、视角和工具 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools......................... 80 
4.2开发基线业务架构描述 Develop Baseline Business Architecture Description......................... 82 
4.3开发目标业务架构描述 Develop Target Business Architecture Description........................... 82 
4.4进行差距分析 Perform Gap Analysis............................................................... 83 
4.5定义候选路线图组件 Define Candidate Roadmap Components.......................................... 83 
4.6化解贯穿整个架构全景中的影响 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape.................. 83 
4.7进行正式的利益攸关者审视 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review...................................... 83 
4.8最终确定业务架构 Finalize the Business Architecture............................................. 83 
4.9创建架构定义文件 Create Architecture Definition Document........................................ 84 
5输出 Outputs ......................................................................................... 84 
第9章阶段C:信息系统架构 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures.......................................... 86 
1目的 Objectives ...................................................................................... 86 
2实施途径 Approach .................................................................................... 86 
3输入 Inputs .......................................................................................... 87 
3.1企业外的参考资料 Reference Materials External to the Enterprise................................. 87 
3.2非架构输入 Non-Architectural Inputs............................................................. 87 
3.3架构输入 Architectural Inputs................................................................... 87 
4步骤 Steps ........................................................................................... 88 
5输出 Outputs ......................................................................................... 88 
第10章阶段C:信息系统架构——数据架构
 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures — Data 
Architecture ............. 89 

1目的 Objectives ..................................................................................... 89 
2实施途径 Approach ................................................................................... 89 
2.1数据架构的考量因素 Key Considerations for Data Architecture.................................... 89 
2.2架构存储库 Architecture Repository............................................................. 90 
3输入 Inputs ......................................................................................... 90 
3.1企业外的参考资料 Reference Materials External to the Enterprise................................ 90 
3.2非架构输入 Non-Architectural Inputs............................................................ 90 
3.3架构输入 Architectural Inputs.................................................................. 90 
4步骤 Steps .......................................................................................... 91 
4.1选择参考模型、视角和工具 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools........................ 92 
4.2开发基线数据架构描述 Develop Baseline Data Architecture Description............................ 94 
4.3开发目标数据架构描述 Develop Target Data Architecture Description.............................. 94 
4.4进行差距分析 Perform Gap Analysis.............................................................. 95 
4.5定义候选路线图组件Define Candidate Roadmap Components.......................................... 95 
4.6解析贯穿整个架构全景中的影响 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape................. 95 
4.7进行正式的利益攸关者审视 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review..................................... 95 
4.8最终确定数据架构 Finalize the Data Architecture................................................ 96 
4.9创建架构定义文件Create Architecture Definition Document........................................ 96 
5输出 Outputs ........................................................................................ 96 
第11章阶段C:信息系统架构——应用架构Phase C: Information Systems Architectures — Application Architecture.. 98 
1目的 Objectives ..................................................................................... 98 
2实施途径 Approach ................................................................................... 98 
2.1架构存储库 Architecture Repository............................................................. 98 
3输入 Inputs ......................................................................................... 98 
3.1企业外部参考资料 Reference Materials External to the Enterprise................................ 98 
3.2非架构输入 Non-Architectural Inputs............................................................ 98 
3.3架构输入 Architectural Inputs.................................................................. 99 
4步骤 Steps ......................................................................................... 100 
4.1选择参考模型、视角和工具 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools....................... 100 
4.2开发基线应用架构描述 Develop Baseline Application Architecture Description.................... 103 
4.3开发目标应用架构描述 Develop Target Application Architecture Description...................... 103 
4.4进行差距分析 Perform Gap Analysis............................................................. 103 
4.5定义候选路线图组件 Define Candidate Roadmap Components........................................ 103 
4.6化解贯穿整个架构全景中的影响 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape................ 104 
4.7进行正式的利益攸关者审视 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review.................................... 104 
4.8最终确定应用架构 Finalize the Application Architecture........................................ 104 
4.9创建架构定义文件 Create Architecture Definition Document...................................... 104 
5输出 Outputs ....................................................................................... 104 
第12章阶段D:技术架构 Phase D: Technology Architecture...................................................... 107 
1目的 Objectives .................................................................................... 107 
2实施途径 Approach .................................................................................. 107 
2.1架构存储库 Architecture Repository............................................................ 107 
3输入 Inputs ........................................................................................ 108 
3.1企业外部参考资料 Reference Materials External to the Enterprise............................... 108 
3.2非架构输入 Non-Architectural Inputs........................................................... 108 
3.3架构输入 Architectural Inputs................................................................. 108 
4步骤 Steps ......................................................................................... 109 
4.1选择参考模型、视角和工具 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools....................... 110 
4.2开发基线技术架构描述 Develop Baseline Technology Architecture Description..................... 113 
4.3开发目标技术架构描述 Develop Target Technology Architecture Description....................... 113 
4.4进行差距分析 Perform Gap Analysis............................................................. 113 
4.5定义候选路线图组件 Define Candidate Roadmap Components........................................ 114 
4.6化解贯穿整个架构全景中的影响 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape................ 114 
4.7进行正式的利益攸关者审视 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review.................................... 114 
4.8最终确定技术架构 Finalize the Technology Architecture......................................... 114 
4.9创建架构定义文件 Create Architecture Definition Document...................................... 114 
5输出 Outputs ....................................................................................... 115 
6附言 Postscript .................................................................................... 116 
第13章阶段E:机会和解决方案 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions.............................................. 117 
1目的 Objectives .................................................................................... 117 
2实施途径 Approach .................................................................................. 117 
3输入 Inputs ........................................................................................ 118 
3.1企业外部参考资料 Reference Materials External to the Enterprise............................... 118 
3.2非架构输入 Non-Architectural Inputs........................................................... 118 
3.3架构输入Architectural Inputs.................................................................. 118 
4步骤 Steps ......................................................................................... 119 
4.1确定/确认关键的公司级变革属性 Determine/Confirm Key Corporate Change Attributes............... 120 