# Node.js
Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment.
For information on using Node.js, see the [Node.js website][].
The Node.js project uses an [open governance model](./GOVERNANCE.md). The
[OpenJS Foundation][] provides support for the project.
**This project has a [Code of Conduct][].**
## Table of contents
* [Support](#support)
* [Release types](#release-types)
* [Download](#download)
* [Current and LTS releases](#current-and-lts-releases)
* [Nightly releases](#nightly-releases)
* [API documentation](#api-documentation)
* [Verifying binaries](#verifying-binaries)
* [Building Node.js](#building-nodejs)
* [Security](#security)
* [Contributing to Node.js](#contributing-to-nodejs)
* [Current project team members](#current-project-team-members)
* [TSC (Technical Steering Committee)](#tsc-technical-steering-committee)
* [Collaborators](#collaborators)
* [Triagers](#triagers)
* [Release keys](#release-keys)
* [License](#license)
## Support
Looking for help? Check out the
[instructions for getting support](.github/SUPPORT.md).
## Release types
* **Current**: Under active development. Code for the Current release is in the
branch for its major version number (for example,
[v15.x](https://github.com/nodejs/node/tree/v15.x)). Node.js releases a new
major version every 6 months, allowing for breaking changes. This happens in
April and October every year. Releases appearing each October have a support
life of 8 months. Releases appearing each April convert to LTS (see below)
each October.
* **LTS**: Releases that receive Long Term Support, with a focus on stability
and security. Every even-numbered major version will become an LTS release.
LTS releases receive 12 months of _Active LTS_ support and a further 18 months
of _Maintenance_. LTS release lines have alphabetically-ordered code names,
beginning with v4 Argon. There are no breaking changes or feature additions,
except in some special circumstances.
* **Nightly**: Code from the Current branch built every 24-hours when there are
changes. Use with caution.
Current and LTS releases follow [semantic versioning](https://semver.org). A
member of the Release Team [signs](#release-keys) each Current and LTS release.
For more information, see the
[Release README](https://github.com/nodejs/Release#readme).
### Download
Binaries, installers, and source tarballs are available at
<https://nodejs.org/en/download/>.
#### Current and LTS releases
<https://nodejs.org/download/release/>
The [latest](https://nodejs.org/download/release/latest/) directory is an
alias for the latest Current release. The latest-_codename_ directory is an
alias for the latest release from an LTS line. For example, the
[latest-fermium](https://nodejs.org/download/release/latest-fermium/) directory
contains the latest Fermium (Node.js 14) release.
#### Nightly releases
<https://nodejs.org/download/nightly/>
Each directory name and filename contains a date (in UTC) and the commit
SHA at the HEAD of the release.
#### API documentation
Documentation for the latest Current release is at <https://nodejs.org/api/>.
Version-specific documentation is available in each release directory in the
_docs_ subdirectory. Version-specific documentation is also at
<https://nodejs.org/download/docs/>.
### Verifying binaries
Download directories contain a `SHASUMS256.txt` file with SHA checksums for the
files.
To download `SHASUMS256.txt` using `curl`:
```console
$ curl -O https://nodejs.org/dist/vx.y.z/SHASUMS256.txt
```
To check that a downloaded file matches the checksum, run
it through `sha256sum` with a command such as:
```console
$ grep node-vx.y.z.tar.gz SHASUMS256.txt | sha256sum -c -
```
For Current and LTS, the GPG detached signature of `SHASUMS256.txt` is in
`SHASUMS256.txt.sig`. You can use it with `gpg` to verify the integrity of
`SHASUMS256.txt`. You will first need to import
[the GPG keys of individuals authorized to create releases](#release-keys). To
import the keys:
```console
$ gpg --keyserver hkps://keys.openpgp.org --recv-keys 4ED778F539E3634C779C87C6D7062848A1AB005C
```
See [Release keys](#release-keys) for a script to import active release keys.
Next, download the `SHASUMS256.txt.sig` for the release:
```console
$ curl -O https://nodejs.org/dist/vx.y.z/SHASUMS256.txt.sig
```
Then use `gpg --verify SHASUMS256.txt.sig SHASUMS256.txt` to verify
the file's signature.
## Building Node.js
See [BUILDING.md](BUILDING.md) for instructions on how to build Node.js from
source and a list of supported platforms.
## Security
For information on reporting security vulnerabilities in Node.js, see
[SECURITY.md](./SECURITY.md).
## Contributing to Node.js
* [Contributing to the project][]
* [Working Groups][]
* [Strategic initiatives][]
* [Technical values and prioritization][]
## Current project team members
For information about the governance of the Node.js project, see
[GOVERNANCE.md](./GOVERNANCE.md).
<!-- node-core-utils and find-inactive-tsc.mjs depend on the format of the TSC
list. If the format changes, those utilities need to be tested and
updated. -->
### TSC (Technical Steering Committee)
<!--lint disable prohibited-strings-->
* [aduh95](https://github.com/aduh95) -
**Antoine du Hamel** <<duhamelantoine1995@gmail.com>> (he/him)
* [apapirovski](https://github.com/apapirovski) -
**Anatoli Papirovski** <<apapirovski@mac.com>> (he/him)
* [BethGriggs](https://github.com/BethGriggs) -
**Beth Griggs** <<bethanyngriggs@gmail.com>> (she/her)
* [BridgeAR](https://github.com/BridgeAR) -
**Ruben Bridgewater** <<ruben@bridgewater.de>> (he/him)
* [ChALkeR](https://github.com/ChALkeR) -
**Сковорода Никита Андреевич** <<chalkerx@gmail.com>> (he/him)
* [cjihrig](https://github.com/cjihrig) -
**Colin Ihrig** <<cjihrig@gmail.com>> (he/him)
* [danielleadams](https://github.com/danielleadams) -
**Danielle Adams** <<adamzdanielle@gmail.com>> (she/her)
* [fhinkel](https://github.com/fhinkel) -
**Franziska Hinkelmann** <<franziska.hinkelmann@gmail.com>> (she/her)
* [GeoffreyBooth](https://github.com/geoffreybooth) -
**Geoffrey Booth** <<webadmin@geoffreybooth.com>> (he/him)
* [gireeshpunathil](https://github.com/gireeshpunathil) -
**Gireesh Punathil** <<gpunathi@in.ibm.com>> (he/him)
* [jasnell](https://github.com/jasnell) -
**James M Snell** <<jasnell@gmail.com>> (he/him)
* [joyeecheung](https://github.com/joyeecheung) -
**Joyee Cheung** <<joyeec9h3@gmail.com>> (she/her)
* [legendecas](https://github.com/legendecas) -
**Chengzhong Wu** <<legendecas@gmail.com>> (he/him)
* [mcollina](https://github.com/mcollina) -
**Matteo Collina** <<matteo.collina@gmail.com>> (he/him)
* [mhdawson](https://github.com/mhdawson) -
**Michael Dawson** <<midawson@redhat.com>> (he/him)
* [RafaelGSS](https://github.com/RafaelGSS) -
**Rafael Gonzaga** <<rafael.nunu@hotmail.com>> (he/him)
* [RaisinTen](https://github.com/RaisinTen) -
**Darshan Sen** <<raisinten@gmail.com>> (he/him)
* [richardlau](https://github.com/richardlau) -
**Richard Lau** <<rlau@redhat.com>>
* [ronag](https://github.com/ronag) -
**Robert Nagy** <<ronagy@icloud.com>>
* [targos](https://github.com/targos) -
**Michaël Zasso** <<targos@protonmail.com>> (he/him)
* [tniessen](https://github.com/tniessen) -
**Tobias Nießen** <<tniessen@tnie.de>> (he/him)
* [Trott](https://github.com/Trott) -
**Rich Trott** <<rtrott@gmail.com>> (he/him)
<details>
<summary>Emeriti</summary>
### TSC emeriti
* [addaleax](https://github.com/addaleax) -
**Anna Henningsen** <<anna@addaleax.net>> (she/her)
* [bnoordhuis](https://github.com/bnoordhuis) -
**Ben Noordhuis** <<info@bnoordhuis.nl>>
* [chrisdickinson](https://github.com/chrisdickins
node-v18.13.0-win-x64.zip
需积分: 0 139 浏览量
更新于2023-01-30
收藏 27.17MB ZIP 举报
标题 "node-v18.13.0-win-x64.zip" 暗示了这是一个包含 Node.js 运行环境的软件包,具体版本为 v18.13.0,适用于 Windows 操作系统(x64 架构)。Node.js 是一个基于 Chrome V8 引擎的 JavaScript 运行环境,它允许开发者在服务器端使用 JavaScript 进行程序编写,极大地扩展了 JavaScript 的应用范围。
描述中的 "node-v18.13.0-win-x64.zip" 重复信息表明,这个压缩包是为 64 位的 Windows 用户设计的,用于安装或更新到 Node.js 的特定版本。Node.js 的版本号结构通常包括主版本、次要版本和补丁版本,如这里的“18”是主版本,“13”是次要版本,“0”是补丁版本,每个部分都有其特定的意义。主版本号的改变往往意味着有重大更新或不兼容性变化,次要版本则增加新功能但保持向后兼容,补丁版本主要修复错误和改进性能。
关于 Node.js 的一些核心知识点:
1. **事件驱动编程**:Node.js 使用事件驱动的非阻塞 I/O 模型,使其在处理高并发请求时表现优秀,尤其适合构建实时的、协作式的Web应用程序。
2. **V8引擎**:Node.js 的核心是 Google 的 V8 JavaScript 引擎,它能快速执行 JavaScript 代码,使得服务器端的 JavaScript 执行效率非常高。
3. **npm(Node Package Manager)**:Node.js 的包管理器,拥有庞大的第三方模块生态,开发者可以轻松地分享和复用代码,加速开发进程。
4. **Node.js 文件系统**:Node.js 提供了丰富的文件操作API,使得开发者可以直接在服务器端进行文件读写操作。
5. **网络编程**:Node.js 内置了 HTTP 模块,可以方便地创建 Web 服务器,支持 HTTPS 协议,便于搭建安全的网络服务。
6. **流(Stream)**:Node.js 的流接口允许高效处理大量数据,如文件、网络传输等,无需一次性加载到内存中。
7. **模块系统**:Node.js 使用 CommonJS 规范,支持模块化开发,通过 `require` 和 `module.exports` 实现代码的组织和重用。
8. **异步编程**:回调函数、Promise 和 async/await 用于处理异步操作,避免了回调地狱,提高了代码可读性和可维护性。
9. **Node.js 应用场景**:除了Web服务器,Node.js 还常用于构建CLI工具、实时通信应用(如聊天室)、数据处理、构建工具(如webpack)、API服务器等。
10. **社区与工具**:Node.js 社区活跃,有许多优秀的开发工具(如VS Code的Node.js插件)、框架(Express、Koa、Next.js等)和最佳实践,方便开发者进行高效开发。
下载并解压 "node-v18.13.0-win-x64.zip" 后,用户通常会找到一个包含 "node.exe" 可执行文件的文件夹,通过运行这个文件,可以在命令行环境中使用 Node.js。同时,用户也可以通过全局安装 npm 来管理和安装依赖包,以扩展 Node.js 的功能。安装完成后,开发者就可以利用 Node.js 的特性开始编写服务器端的 JavaScript 代码了。
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