基于MATLAB的风力发电机组噪声分析系统的设计_毕业论文.pdf

摘要

I

摘要

本文主要研究基于国际标准 IEC61400-11 ED3.0 的风力发电机组总体噪声分析

的相关理论问题，并实现了基于 MATLAB 的专门用于风力发电机组总体噪声与其机械

构件噪声的噪声分析系统。

分别从市场、研发、经济三个角度去提出本课题的意义所在。从市场角度出发，

建立公司自己的噪声测试分析技术便于服务市场需求，关系到公司研制的风电机组

部分，从而能够为噪声数据分析方法的研究做好了理论上的铺垫与噪声分析程序确

立一个比较合理设计方案。对本程序中 1/3 倍频程分析模块、声功率计算模块与音

调分析模块主要是根据标准中声功率计算流程和音调分析计算流程加以完善。针对

风力发电机所采集的噪声声压数据转变为 A 计权声压级进行系统的分析整理，并对

求取 1/3 倍频程中心频率 i 上的规格化 A 计权声压级进行深入的研究，为整个程序

系统的设计方案提供了良好的理论支撑并且为日后工作人员进行更加详细的数据分

析提供理论基础；利用 Welch 法与窄带频率的 A 计权计算公式对声压数据进行了窄

带谱的功率谱估计，并获得相应的窄带功率谱图，从而有效地找出数据里功率谱中

的局部最大值，为确定噪声中临界频带立下基础条件，填补对标准中音调分析计算

流程的求解功率谱的缺失；

广东工业大学硕士学位论文

的硬件组成。

2017 年 4 月在内蒙古省赤峰市克什克腾旗中某风场的某号风力发电机与 2017

年 8 月在广东省珠海市某风力发电机制造工厂车间的风力发电机里的齿轮箱主轴进

行相应要求的噪声测试，并且使用该系统对其所测数据进行一系列噪声分析，以及

给出了风力发电机的总体噪声与齿轮箱主轴的噪声的评估分析结果，得出来的评估

分析结果与现场所发出来的噪声基本一致，由此可证明本噪声分析程序算法的正确

性，达到了风力发电机噪声分析系统预期设计的要求。

关键词：风力发电机，噪声分析，1/3 倍频程，声功率，音调，MATLAB

Abstract

This essay mainly studies the related theoretical problems of the overall noise

analysis of wind turbines based on the international standard IEC 61400-11 ED3.0. And

realized the noise analysis system based on MATLAB for the overall noise of the wind

turbine and the noise of its mechanical components.

I focus on three angles to forward the significance of this topic: Market, design,

economy. From the market point of view, the establishment of the company's own noise

economic point of view, this project can effectively improve the technical level of the

company in the noise test and analysis, provide either a reliable special evaluation

system or be responsible for the completion of a high reference value pre-evaluation

cost and increasing efficiency.

This essay introduces two parts of the sound level calculation and frequency signal

analysis processing based on the acoustic principle of the wind turbine and can establish

a more reasonable design scheme for the study of the noise analysis method for the

theory of the theoretical paving and noise analysis.

in this program, the 1 /3 frequency multiplier analysis module, the sound power

The sound pressure data collected by the wind turbine is transformed into a

广东工业大学硕士学位论文

systematic analysis process of the A power sound pressure level and the calculation

source of the normalized A sound pressure level on the I of the 1/3 frequency doubling

process is deeply studied, which provides a good theoretical support for the design of the

whole program system and provides a theoretical basis for more detailed data analysis

for the later workers.

In the tone and audible module, it is improved that the Welch method is used to

estimate the power spectrum of the sound pressure data, so as to find the local maximum

value in the power spectrum of the data effectively, to determine the basic condition of

the alternative tone in the sound, and to fill the loss of the power spectrum in the

analysis chart, tone spectrum, 1/3 frequency doubling diagram, noise point distribution

map to show the analysis results. In addition, based on the field test requirements, the

hardware structure of the on-site acquisition of noise data is introduced in detail.

In April 2017, a certain wind turbine in a wind field in Hexigten Banner, Chifeng,

Inner Mongolia, and the gear box spindle of the gear box in the fan factory of a wind

mechanism factory in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, were tested for corresponding noise,

and the system was used to analyze a series of noise analysis, and the overall noise of the

wind turbine and the spindle of the gear box were given. The result of the evaluation and

analysis of the noise is consistent with the noise produced in the field, which proves the

correctness of the noise analysis program algorithm and the requirement of the expected

目录

目录

摘要 ..................................................................................................................................... I

Abstract ............................................................................................................................ III

目录 .................................................................................................................................... V

Contents ............................................................................................................................ IX

第一章 绪论 .......................................................................................................................1

1.1 风力发电机的发展 ............................................... 1

1.2 风力发电机噪声简介 ............................................. 2

1.3 风力发电机的声学噪声评估的国内外发展现状 ....................... 3

1.4 课题的提出与研究意义 ........................................... 5

2.2 频率信号分析处理 .............................................. 12

2.3 本章小结 ...................................................... 17

第三章 风力发电机噪声分析程序中各模块的分析流程 .............................................18

3.1 气象风速与机舱风速的计算修正值处理 ............................ 19