毕 业 设 计 说 明 书
摘 要
本设计题目为“西北地区某城市二级污水处理厂设计”该工程所处理的污水主
要是由城市工业废水和公共建筑用水以及城市生活用水组成。其混合污水最大日设计流量
为 Q=39715 米
3
/d, 日变化系数 K=1.1,总变化系数为 K=1.4 , 其中城市设计人口 15 万人，
城市公共建筑污水按城市污水的 30%计，工业污水量为 1.3 万米
3
/d，设计水质经环保部
门监测，污废水主要污染物 COD、SS、BOD、TP、TN 以及重金属和有毒物质少量，其
污水水质如下：COD=455mg/l , SS=245mg/l， BOD
5
=220mg/l，PH=7-8，冬季平均温
度-8
。
C ，夏季平均温度为 29
。
C，处理厂处理水质为：BOD
5
≦20mg/l，COD
cr
≦100mg/l，
SS≦20mg/l，NH
3
-N≦15mg/l，TP≦1.0mg/l，出水水质符合国家的二级排放标准。
本设计中，采用 DE 型氧化沟处理该城市污水。处理构筑物主要有平流沉砂池、DE
型氧化沟、二沉池等，其主要构筑物 DE 型氧化沟系统是在 DE 型氧化沟基础上发展起来
的，有 2 个平行的氧化沟和一个独立的沉淀池组成，处理程度大大提高，该系统可进行硝
化，反硝化反应，从而达到生物脱氮的功能，在其系统前增设厌氧池则可达到除磷的目的。
该系统具有高效，节能的特点，且耐冲击负荷高，出水水质好。
毕 业 设 计 说 明 书
ABSTRACT
The design is “the 2 area certain city level designs of Noth china of sewage
treatment plant “to make a summany to design title. The dirty (abandon) water of
this project located reason is formedmianly by city industrial effluent and city
public building sewage as well as city sewage.It mix sewage biggest day rated
dischage is 3.9715metre
3
/day. Day change coefficient K day=1 nad 2,change
always coeffciet K total =1 and 4 . In which city design population
fifting-hundreds thousabds person. City public building sewage is
measured according to the idea of 30% that city sewage is monitored by
the department of environment protection. In dirty useless water,
major contanmint is COD
cr
,SS,BOD
5
,TP,TN,as well as heavy metal
with is analysed. It is dirty uselss water quality is as follow:
COD=455mg/l ,SS=245mg/l， BOD=220mg/l，PH=7-8.
In this design, with the oxidize dith handing of DE model. It
should be dirty water It is the oxidize aeration pot and biological chooser
of DE model main to handle to building this, is disgusted, oxygen pool
and hole type.
毕 业 设 计 说 明 书
目 录
第 1 章 概 述 .......................................................................................................................1
1.1 设计依据及设计任务 ............................................................................................1
1.1.1 设计题目 .....................................................................................................1
1.1.2 设计依据 .....................................................................................................1
1.2 设计水量 ................................................................................................................3
1.2.1 污水来源及状况: ........................................................................................3
1.2.2 污水量计算 .................................................................................................3
1.3 设计人口与当量人口 ............................................................................................4
1.3.1 一级处理以主要去除 SS 为主：...............................................................5
1.3.2 二级处理以主要去除 BOD
5
为主：..........................................................5
1.4 处理程度 ................................................................................................................5
1.4.1 进水水质 .....................................................................................................5
1.4.2 去除率 .........................................................................................................5
1.4.3 PH 值 .........................................................................................................6
1.4.4 重金属及有毒物质 .....................................................................................6
第 2 章 城市污水处理方案的确定 .....................................................................................6
2.1 确定污水处理方案的原则 ....................................................................................6
2.2 污水处理方案的确定 ............................................................................................7
2.2.1 处理标准的确定 .........................................................................................7
2.2.2 污水处理路线的选择 .................................................................................7
2.3 污水处理工艺流程方案介绍 ................................................................................9
2.3.1 传统活性污泥法 .........................................................................................9
2.3.2 A/O 脱氮工艺 ............................................................................................10
2.3.3 A/O 与 VIP 组合工艺 ................................................................................11
2.3.4 A-B 两段曝气法 ........................................................................................12
2.3.5 A
2
/O 工艺 ...................................................................................................13
毕 业 设 计 说 明 书
2.3.6 改良型 A
2
/O 工艺 .....................................................................................14
2.3.7 其工艺流程如下： ...................................................................................15
2.4 工艺流程的确定 ..................................................................................................17
2.5 主要构筑物的选择 ..............................................................................................17
2.5.1 格栅 ...........................................................................................................17
2.5.2 进水闸井 ...................................................................................................17
2.5.3 污水泵房 ...................................................................................................17
2.5.4 沉砂池 .......................................................................................................18
2.5.5 沉淀池（二沉池） ...................................................................................19
2.5.6 氧化沟 .......................................................................................................20
2.5.7 消毒 ...........................................................................................................21
2.5.8 浓缩池 .......................................................................................................21
2.5.9 污泥脱水 ...................................................................................................22
第 3 章 城市污水处理系统的设计 ...................................................................................22
3.1 进水闸井和进水格栅间的设计 ..........................................................................22
3.1.1 污水厂进水管 ...........................................................................................22
3.1.2 进水闸井工艺设计 ...................................................................................22
3.1.3 格栅的设计 ...............................................................................................23
3.2 污水泵房的设计 ..................................................................................................28
3.2.1 一般规定 ...................................................................................................28
3.2.2 选泵 ...........................................................................................................28
3.2.3 吸、压水管路实际水头损失的计算 .......................................................30
3.2.4 集水池 .......................................................................................................31
3.2.5 水泵机组基础的确定和污水泵站的布置 ...............................................32
3.2.6 泵房高度的确定 .......................................................................................33
3.2.7 泵房附属设施及尺寸的确定 ...................................................................34
3.2.8 采光、采暖与通风 ...................................................................................34
3.2.9 起吊设备 ...................................................................................................35
3.2.10 泵房值班室、控制室及配电间 .............................................................35
毕 业 设 计 说 明 书
3.2.11 门窗及走廊、楼梯 .................................................................................35
3.3 平流式沉砂池的设计 ..........................................................................................36
3.3.1 设计要求 ...................................................................................................36
3.3.2 设计参数 ...................................................................................................37
3.3.3 设计计算 ...................................................................................................37
3.4 生物选择器——厌氧池的设计 ..........................................................................39
3.4.1 生物选择池（厌氧混合池）容积计算 ...................................................39
3.4.2 搅拌设备的选择 .......................................................................................40
3.5 氧化沟的设计 ......................................................................................................40
3.5.1 夏季状况： ...............................................................................................40
3.5.2 冬季状况： ...............................................................................................41
3.6 二沉池的设计 ......................................................................................................42
3.6.1 设计要求 ...................................................................................................42
3.6.2 设计参数 ...................................................................................................42
3.6.3 设计计算 ...................................................................................................43
3.6.4 刮泥设备的选择 .......................................................................................47
3.7 接触消毒 ..............................................................................................................47
3.7.1 设计依据 ...................................................................................................47
3.7.2 设计计算 ...................................................................................................48
3.7 计量设施 ..............................................................................................................50
3.7.1 计量设备的选择 .......................................................................................50
3.7.2 设计依据 ...................................................................................................50
3.7.3 设计计算 ...................................................................................................51
第 4 章 污泥处理工艺的设计 ...........................................................................................51
4.1 浓缩池的设计 ......................................................................................................52
4.1.1 设计要求 ...................................................................................................52
4.1.2 设计参数 ....................................................................................................52
4.1.3 设计计算 ....................................................................................................52
4.2 均质池 ..................................................................................................................54
