UNIX网络编程第三版英文+源码

/* BSDI ping.c,v 2.3 1996/01/21 17:56:50 jch Exp */ /* * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by * Mike Muuss. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the University of * California, Berkeley and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #ifndef lint static char copyright[] = "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; #endif /* not lint */ #ifndef lint static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; #endif /* not lint */ /* * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. * * Author - * Mike Muuss * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory * December, 1983 * * Status - * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. * Bugs - * More statistics could always be gathered. * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. */ #include <sys/param.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <netinet/in_systm.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netinet/ip.h> #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> #include <netinet/ip_var.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <err.h> #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <signal.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */ #define MAXIPLEN 60 #define MAXICMPLEN 76 #define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */ #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) #define F_FLOOD 0x0001 #define F_INTERVAL 0x0002 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0004 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008 #define F_QUIET 0x0010 #define F_RROUTE 0x0020 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0100 u_int options; /* * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... */ #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 8192) int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */ int datalen = DEFDATALEN; int s; /* socket file descriptor */ u_char outpack[MAXPACKET]; char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ char DOT = '.'; char *hostname; int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ /* counters */ long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ int interval = 1; /* interval between packets */ /* timing */ int timing; /* flag to do timing */ double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ void fill __P((char *, char *)); u_short in_cksum __P((u_short *, int)); void onalrm __P((int)); void oninfo __P((int)); void onint __P((int)); void pinger __P((void)); char *pr_addr __P((u_long)); void pr_icmph __P((struct icmp *)); void pr_iph __P((struct ip *)); void pr_pack __P((char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *)); void pr_retip __P((struct ip *)); void summary __P((void)); void tvsub __P((struct timeval *, struct timeval *)); void usage __P((void)); int main(argc, argv) int argc; char *argv[]; { extern int errno, optind; extern char *optarg; struct hostent *hp; struct itimerval itimer; struct protoent *proto; struct sockaddr_in *to, from; struct timeval timeout; fd_set fdset; register int cc, i; int ch, fromlen, hold, packlen, preload; u_char *datap, *packet; char *e, *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; #ifdef IP_OPTIONS char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ #endif preload = 0; datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "c:dfi:l:np:qRrs:v")) != -1) switch(ch) { case 'c': npackets = strtol(optarg, &e, 10); if (npackets <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0') errx(1, "illegal number of packets -- %s", optarg); break; case 'd': options |= F_SO_DEBUG; break; case 'f': if (getuid()) { errno = EPERM; err(1, NULL); } options |= F_FLOOD; setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); break; case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ interval = strtol(optarg, &e, 10); if (interval <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0') errx(1, "illegal timing interval -- %s", optarg); options |= F_INTERVAL; break; case 'l': preload = strtol(optarg, &e, 10); if (preload < 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0') errx(1, "illegal preload value -- %s", optarg); break; case 'n': options |= F_NUMERIC; break; case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ options |= F_PINGFILLED; fill((char *)datap, optarg); break; case 'q': options |= F_QUIET; break; case 'R': options |= F_RROUTE; break; case 'r': options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; break; case 's': /* size of packet to send */ datalen = strtol(optarg, &e, 10); if (datalen <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0') errx(1, "illegal datalen value -- %s", optarg); if (datalen > MAXPACKET) errx(1, "datalen value too large, maximum is %d", MAXPACKET); break; case 'v': options |= F_VERBOSE; break; default: usage(); } argc -= optind; argv += optind; if (argc != 1) usage(); target = *argv; memset(&whereto, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; to->sin_family = AF_INET; to->sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(target); if (to->sin_addr.s_addr != (u_int)-1) hostname = target; else { hp = gethostbyname(target); if (!hp) errx(1, "unknown host %s", target); to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; memmove(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length); (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); hostname = hnamebuf; } if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) errx(1, "-f and -i incompatible options"); i