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User Interface Markup Language (UIML)
Version 4.0
Committee Specification 01
01 May 2009
Specification URIs:
This Version:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/cs01/uiml-4.0-cs01.doc (Authoritative)
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/cs01/uiml-4.0-cs01.html
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/cs01/uiml-4.0-cs01.pdf
Previous Version:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/cd02/uiml-4.0-cd02.doc (Authoritative)
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/cd02/uiml-4.0-cd02.html
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/cd02/uiml-4.0-cd02.pdf
Latest Version:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/uiml-4.0.doc
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/uiml-4.0.html
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/v4.0/uiml-4.0.pdf
Technical Committee:
OASIS User Interface Markup Language (UIML) TC
Chair(s):
James Helms, jhelms@harmonia.com
Editor(s):
James Helms, jhelms@harmonia.com
Robbie Schaefer, robbie@c-lab.de
Kris Luyten, kris.luyten@uhasselt.be
Jean Vanderdonckt, vanderdonckt@isys.ucl.ac.be
Jo Vermeulen, jo.vermeulen@uhasselt.be
Marc Abrams, abrams@vt.edu
Related work:
This specification replaces or supercedes:
None
This specification is related to:
None
Namespace:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/uiml/ns/uiml4.0
Abstract:
The design objective of the User Interface Markup Language (UIML) is to provide a vendor-
neutral, canonical representation of any user interface (UI) suitable for mapping to existing
languages. UIML provides a highly device-independent method to describe a user interface.
UIML factors any user interface description into six orthogonal pieces, answering six questions:
uiml-4.0-cs01 1 May 2009
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What are the parts comprising the UI?
What is the presentation (look/feel/sound) used for the parts?
What is the content (e.g., text, images, sounds) used in the UI?
What is the behavior of the UI (e.g., when someone clicks or says something)?
What is the mapping of the parts to UI controls in some toolkit (e.g., Java Swing classes or HTML
tags)?
What is the API of the business logic that the UI is connected to?
UIML is a meta-language, which is augmented by a vocabulary of user interface parts, properties,
and events defined outside this specification. In this way, UIML is independent of user interface
metaphors (e.g., "graphical user interface", "dialogs").
UIML version 4 is a refinement of the previous versions of UIML, which were developed starting
in 1997.
It is the intent that this specification can be freely implemented by anyone.
Status:
This document was last revised or approved by the User Interface Markup Language (UIML)
Technical Committee on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the
“Latest Version” or “Latest Approved Version” location noted above for possible later revisions of
this document.
Technical Committee members should send comments on this specification to the Technical
Committee’s email list. Others should send comments to the Technical Committee by using the
“Send A Comment” button on the Technical Committee’s web page at http://www.oasis-
open.org/committees/uiml/.
For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to
implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the
Intellectual Property Rights section of the Technical Committee web page (http://www.oasis-
open.org/committees/uiml/ipr.php.
The non-normative errata page for this specification is located at
http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/uiml/.
uiml-4.0-cs01 1 May 2009
Copyright © OASIS® 2008-2009. All Rights Reserved. Page 2 of 122
Notices
Copyright © OASIS® 2008-2009. All Rights Reserved.
All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings assigned to them in the OASIS Intellectual
Property Rights Policy (the "OASIS IPR Policy"). The full Policy may be found at the OASIS website.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that
comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published,
and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice
and this section are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may
not be modified in any way, including by removing the copyright notice or references to OASIS, except as
needed for the purpose of developing any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical
Committee (in which case the rules applicable to copyrights, as set forth in the OASIS IPR Policy, must
be followed) or as required to translate it into languages other than English.
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by OASIS or its successors
or assigns.
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and OASIS
DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY
WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY
OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
OASIS requests that any OASIS Party or any other party that believes it has patent claims that would
necessarily be infringed by implementations of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard,
to notify OASIS TC Administrator and provide an indication of its willingness to grant patent licenses to
such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that
produced this specification.
OASIS invites any party to contact the OASIS TC Administrator if it is aware of a claim of ownership of
any patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this specification by a patent
holder that is not willing to provide a license to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR
Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification. OASIS may include such
claims on its website, but disclaims any obligation to do so.
OASIS takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that
might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or
the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent
that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on OASIS' procedures with respect to
rights in any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee can be found on the
OASIS website. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses
to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the
use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS
Standard, can be obtained from the OASIS TC Administrator. OASIS makes no representation that any
information or list of intellectual property rights will at any time be complete, or that any claims in such list
are, in fact, Essential Claims.
The names "OASIS", User Interface Markup Language, and UIML are trademarks of OASIS, the owner
and developer of this specification, and should be used only to refer to the organization and its official
outputs. OASIS welcomes reference to, and implementation and use of, specifications, while reserving
the right to enforce its marks against misleading uses. Please see
http://www.oasis-open.org/who/trademark.php for above guidance.
uiml-4.0-cs01 1 May 2009
Copyright © OASIS® 2008-2009. All Rights Reserved. Page 3 of 122
Table of Contents
1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.1 Terminology...................................................................................................................................... 9
1.2 Normative References.................................................................................................................... 11
1.3 Non-Normative References............................................................................................................ 12
1.4 UIML, an Open Specification.......................................................................................................... 12
1.5 Purpose of This Document............................................................................................................. 12
2 Structure of a UIML Document............................................................................................................... 13
2.1 Overview......................................................................................................................................... 13
2.1.1 Dynamic Interfaces through a Virtual UI Tree..........................................................................13
2.1.2 Interface Behavior................................................................................................................... 14
2.1.3 Philosophy behind UIML’s Tags..............................................................................................14
2.1.4 First UIML Example: Hello World............................................................................................15
2.2 UIML Document Structure.............................................................................................................. 16
2.2.1 Second UIML Example............................................................................................................17
2.3 UIML Namespace........................................................................................................................... 21
2.4 UIML Mime Type............................................................................................................................ 22
2.5 A General Rule of Thumb............................................................................................................... 22
3 Rendering.............................................................................................................................................. 24
4 Table of UIML Elements........................................................................................................................ 25
5 The <uiml> and <head> Elements.........................................................................................................27
5.1 The <uiml> Element.......................................................................................................................27
5.2 The <head> Element...................................................................................................................... 27
5.3 The <meta> Element...................................................................................................................... 27
6 Interface Description.............................................................................................................................. 29
6.1 Overview......................................................................................................................................... 29
6.2 Attributes Common to Multiple Elements........................................................................................29
6.2.1 The id and class Attributes...................................................................................................... 29
6.2.2 The source and how Attributes................................................................................................30
6.2.3 The export Attribute................................................................................................................. 30
6.3 The <interface> Element................................................................................................................ 31
6.4 The <structure> Element................................................................................................................ 31
6.4.1 Dynamic Structure................................................................................................................... 32
6.4.2 The <part> Element................................................................................................................. 33
6.5 The <style> Element....................................................................................................................... 33
6.5.1 The <property> Element..........................................................................................................34
6.5.2 Using Properties to Achieve Platform Independence..............................................................39
6.6 The <layout> Element..................................................................................................................... 42
6.6.1 The <constraint> Element.......................................................................................................43
6.6.2 The <layout-rule> Element...................................................................................................... 43
6.6.3 The <alias> Element............................................................................................................... 44
6.7 The <content> Element.................................................................................................................. 44
6.7.1 The <constant> Element.........................................................................................................46
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6.7.2 The <reference> Element........................................................................................................46
6.8 The <behavior> Element................................................................................................................ 47
6.8.1 Examples of <behavior>, < rule>, <condition>, and <action> Elements..................................48
6.8.2 The <rule> Element.................................................................................................................51
6.8.3 The <condition> Element........................................................................................................51
6.8.4 The <event> Element.............................................................................................................. 51
6.8.5 The <op> Element.................................................................................................................. 53
6.8.6 The <action> Element.............................................................................................................55
6.8.7 The <call> Element.................................................................................................................55
6.8.8 The <repeat> Element.............................................................................................................59
6.8.9 The <iterator> Element............................................................................................................59
6.8.10 The <restructure> Element....................................................................................................60
6.8.11 The <when-true> Element.....................................................................................................64
6.8.12 The <when-false> Element.................................................................................................... 64
6.8.13 The <by-default> Element..................................................................................................... 64
6.8.14 The <param> Element...........................................................................................................65
6.9 The <variable> Element.................................................................................................................. 65
6.9.1 Definition of Variables.............................................................................................................66
6.9.2 Scoping and Lifetime............................................................................................................... 67
6.9.3 Examples with variables..........................................................................................................68
7 Peer Components.................................................................................................................................. 76
7.1 The <peers> Element..................................................................................................................... 76
7.2 The <presentation> Element..........................................................................................................76
7.2.1 Naming an Existing Vocabulary in <presentation>..................................................................77
7.2.2 Creating a New Vocabulary using <presentation>..................................................................80
7.3 The <logic> Element....................................................................................................................... 87
7.4 Subelements of <presentation> and <logic>..................................................................................89
7.4.1 The <d-component> Element..................................................................................................89
7.4.2 The <d-class> Element........................................................................................................... 89
7.4.3 The <d-property> Element....................................................................................................... 90
7.4.4 The <d-method> Element........................................................................................................90
7.4.5 The <d-param> Element.........................................................................................................91
7.4.6 The <script> Element.............................................................................................................. 93
8 Reusable Interface Components............................................................................................................ 94
8.1 Templates Specification.................................................................................................................. 94
8.1.1 The <template> Element......................................................................................................... 94
8.1.2 The Placeholder...................................................................................................................... 94
8.2 Practical use of templates............................................................................................................... 99
8.3 Template Parameterization........................................................................................................... 106
8.3.1 Motivation for Template Parameterization.............................................................................106
8.3.2 Syntax for Template Parameterization..................................................................................107
8.3.3 Template parameterization example.....................................................................................109
8.4 Multiple Inclusions........................................................................................................................ 110
8.5 The export Attribute...................................................................................................................... 110
9 Alternative Organizations of a UIML Document...................................................................................112
uiml-4.0-cs01 1 May 2009
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