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Expert Shell Scripting

electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval

system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher.

ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-1841-8

ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-1842-5

Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence

of a trademarked name, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark

owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark.

Lead Editor: Frank Pohlmann

Technical Reviewer: Brian Culp

Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Tony Campbell, Gary

Cornell, Jonathan Gennick, Michelle Lowman, Matthew Moodie, Jeffrey Pepper, Frank Pohlmann, Ben

Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh

Project Manager: Sofia Marchant

Copy Editor: Candace English

Associate Production Director: Kari Brooks-Copony

Production Editor: Liz Berry

Compositor: Pat Christenson

Proofreader: Lisa Hamilton

Indexer: Julie Grady

Artist: April Milne

Cover Designer: Kurt Krames

Manufacturing Director: Tom Debolski

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Contents at a Glance

About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

About the Technical Reviewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii

Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi

PART 1 ■ ■ ■ Basic Scripting Techniques

■CHAPTER 1 Shell Script Debugging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

■CHAPTER 2 Standard Function Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

■CHAPTER 3 Date and Time Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

■CHAPTER 4 Comparisons and Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

■CHAPTER 5 Accepting Command-Line Options, Switches,

and Parameters

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

■CHAPTER 6 Testing Variables and Assigning Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

■CHAPTER 7 Indirect Reference Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

■CHAPTER 8 Shell Process Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

■CHAPTER 9 Data Redirection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

■CHAPTER 10 Piping Input to read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

PART 2 ■ ■ ■ System Interaction and Advanced

Techniques

■CHAPTER 11 Math from the Shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

■CHAPTER 12 cron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

■CHAPTER 13 Self-Linked Scripts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

■CHAPTER 14 Throttling Parallel Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

■CHAPTER 15 Command-Line Editing and History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

■CHAPTER 16 Scripting from the Command Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

■CHAPTER 17 Automating User Input with expect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

■CHAPTER 18 User Input Timeout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

■CHAPTER 19 Instant Keyboard Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

■CHAPTER 20 Directory Copying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

■CHAPTER 21 A Brief Tour of the X Display Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

■CHAPTER 22 X Navigation Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

■CHAPTER 23 Command-Line E-mail Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

■CHAPTER 24 Text-Processing One-Liners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

■CHAPTER 25 Editing Files in Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

■CHAPTER 26 Evaluating Variables in a Flat File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

■CHAPTER 27 Read Piped Input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

■CHAPTER 28 Free-Format Output Using cat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

■CHAPTER 29 Automating Interactive Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

PART 3 ■ ■ ■ Useful Scripts

■CHAPTER 30 Automating E-Mail with procmail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

■CHAPTER 31 Process-Management Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

■CHAPTER 32 Managing File Counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

■CHAPTER 33 Processes Running from inittab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

■CHAPTER 34 Automatic RCS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

■CHAPTER 35 Colorful /proc Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

■CHAPTER 36 Password-Aging Notification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

■CHAPTER 37 A Pseudo–shadow File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

■CHAPTER 38 Linux Gold-System Build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

■CHAPTER 39 System Snapshots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

■CHAPTER 40 Removing Large Files and Log Rolling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

■CHAPTER 41 Core Finder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

■CHAPTER 42 Network Adapter Failover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

■APPENDIX A Test Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

■APPENDIX B Special Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

■APPENDIX C Other Shell-Scripting Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

■INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

剩余281页未读，继续阅读

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