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SQL 21 日自学通(V1.0) 翻译人笨猪

EMAIL wyhsillypig@163.com

目录..........................................................................................................................................1

译者的话 ............................................................................................................................. 14

第一周概貌............................................................................................................................. 16

从这里开始............................................................................................................. 16

第一天 SQL 简介.................................................................................................................. 17

SQL 简史................................................................................................................ 17

数据库简史............................................................................................................. 17

设计数据库的结构................................................................................................... 21

SQL 总览......................................................................................................... 23

流行的 SQL 开发工具....................................................................................... 24

SQL 在编程中的应用........................................................................................ 27

第二天查询 — — SELECT 语句的使用 ................................................................................... 30

目标 .................................................................................................................... 30

背景................................................................................................................. 30

一般的语法规则............................................................................................... 30

你的第一个查询............................................................................................... 33

总结 .................................................................................................................... 37

问与答 ................................................................................................................. 38

校练场.................................................................................................................... 38

练习 .................................................................................................................... 39

第三天表达式条件语句与运算.......................................................................................... 40

第四天函数对数据的进一步处理....................................................................................... 60

目标 .................................................................................................................... 60

汇总函数................................................................................................................. 60

COUNT............................................................................................................ 61

SUM ................................................................................................................ 61

AVG................................................................................................................. 63

MAX................................................................................................................ 63

MIN................................................................................................................. 64

VARIANCE...................................................................................................... 65

STDDEV.......................................................................................................... 66

SQL 21 日自学通(V1.0) 翻译人笨猪

EMAIL wyhsillypig@163.com

日期/时间函数......................................................................................................... 66

ADD_MONTHS................................................................................................ 67

LAST_DAY...................................................................................................... 68

MONTHS_BETWEEN....................................................................................... 69

NEW_TIME...................................................................................................... 70

NEXT_DAY...................................................................................................... 71

SYSDATE......................................................................................................... 72

数学函数................................................................................................................. 72

ABS ................................................................................................................. 73

CEIL 和 FLOOR ............................................................................................... 73

COS COSH SIN SINH TAN TANH........................................................ 73

EXP................................................................................................................. 75

LN and LOG..................................................................................................... 75

MOD................................................................................................................ 76

POWER............................................................................................................ 77

SIGN ............................................................................................................... 77

SQRT ............................................................................................................... 78

字符函数................................................................................................................. 79

CHR................................................................................................................. 79

CONCAT .......................................................................................................... 79

INITCAP.......................................................................................................... 80

LOWER 和 UPPER ........................................................................................... 81

LPAD 与 RPAD................................................................................................. 82

LTRIM 与 RTRIM............................................................................................. 83

REPLACE ........................................................................................................ 84

SUBSTR........................................................................................................... 85

TRANSLATE.................................................................................................... 88

INSTR............................................................................................................. 88

LENGTH.......................................................................................................... 89

转换函数................................................................................................................. 89

TO_CHAR........................................................................................................ 90

TO_NUMBER................................................................................................... 91

其它函数................................................................................................................. 91

GREATEST 与 LEAST...................................................................................... 91

USER............................................................................................................... 92

总结........................................................................................................................ 92

问与答.................................................................................................................... 93

校练场.................................................................................................................... 93

练习........................................................................................................................ 94

第五天 SQL 中的子句........................................................................................................... 95

SQL 21 日自学通(V1.0) 翻译人笨猪

EMAIL wyhsillypig@163.com

目标 .................................................................................................................... 95

WHERE 子句 .......................................................................................................... 96

STARTING WITH子句............................................................................................ 98

ORDER BY 子句 ..................................................................................................... 99

GROUP BY 子句 ....................................................................................................104

HAVING 子句.........................................................................................................109

子句的综合应用.....................................................................................................112

总结.......................................................................................................................117

问与答...................................................................................................................117

校练场...................................................................................................................117

练习.......................................................................................................................118

第六天表的联合..................................................................................................................119

介绍.......................................................................................................................119

在一个 SELECT 语句中使用多个表.........................................................................119

正确地找到列..................................................................................................123

等值联合................................................................................................................124

不等值联合............................................................................................................129

外部联合与内部联合..............................................................................................130

表的自我联合.........................................................................................................132

总结.......................................................................................................................134

问与答...................................................................................................................134

校练场...................................................................................................................134

练习.......................................................................................................................135

第七天子查询内嵌的 SQL 子句........................................................................................136

目标 ...................................................................................................................136

建立一个子查询.....................................................................................................136

在子查询中使用汇总函数.......................................................................................140

子查询的嵌套.........................................................................................................141

相关子查询............................................................................................................144

EXISTS ANY ALL 的使用.................................................................................147

SQL 21 日自学通(V1.0) 翻译人笨猪

EMAIL wyhsillypig@163.com

总结.......................................................................................................................151

问与答...................................................................................................................151

校练场...................................................................................................................152

练习 ...................................................................................................................153

第一周回顾............................................................................................................................154

预览.......................................................................................................................154

第二周概貌............................................................................................................................155

这一周都讲些什么..................................................................................................155

第八天操作数据..................................................................................................................156

目标.......................................................................................................................156

数据操作语句.........................................................................................................156

插入语句................................................................................................................157

INSERT VALUES 语句.....................................................................................157

INSERT SELECT 语句.....................................................................................161

UPDATE语句 ........................................................................................................163

DELETE 语句.........................................................................................................166

从外部数据源中导入和导出数据.............................................................................169

Microsoft Access..............................................................................................170

Microsoft and Sybase SQL Server ......................................................................171

Personal Oracle7...............................................................................................171

总结.......................................................................................................................172

问与答...................................................................................................................172

校练场...................................................................................................................173

练习.......................................................................................................................173

第九天创建和操作表...........................................................................................................174

目标 ...................................................................................................................174

CREATE DATABASE 语句......................................................................................174

建立数据库时的选项.......................................................................................175

设计数据库.....................................................................................................176

建立数据字典..................................................................................................176

建立关键字段..................................................................................................177

CREATE TABLE 语句.............................................................................................178

表名................................................................................................................179

SQL 21 日自学通(V1.0) 翻译人笨猪

EMAIL wyhsillypig@163.com

FIRST NAME..................................................................................................179

空值属性.........................................................................................................180

唯一属性.........................................................................................................181

表的存储与尺寸的调整....................................................................................183

用一个已经存在的表来建表.............................................................................184

ALTER TABLE 语句...............................................................................................185

DROP TABLE 语句.................................................................................................186

DROP DATABASE语句..........................................................................................187

总结.......................................................................................................................188

问与答...................................................................................................................188

校练场...................................................................................................................189

练习.......................................................................................................................190

第 10 天创建视图和索引.......................................................................................................191

目标.......................................................................................................................191

使用视图................................................................................................................192

列的重命名.....................................................................................................196

SQL 对视图的处理过程...................................................................................197

在 SELECT 语句使用约束................................................................................201

在视图中修改数据...........................................................................................201

在视图中修改数据的几个问题.........................................................................203

通用应用程序的视图.......................................................................................204

删除视图语句..................................................................................................207

使用索引................................................................................................................207

什么是索引 ..................................................................................................207

使用索引的技巧..............................................................................................212

对更多的字段进行索引....................................................................................212

在创建索引时使用 UNIQUE 关键字.................................................................214

索引与归并.....................................................................................................216

群集簇的使用...........................................................................................217

总结.......................................................................................................................218

问与答 ................................................................................................................219

校练场...................................................................................................................219

练习 ...................................................................................................................220

第 11 天事务处理控制.........................................................................................................221

目标 ...................................................................................................................221

事务控制................................................................................................................221

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