======================================================================
NTFS File System Driver for DOS/Windows V2.0R+ (read-only)
Copyright (C) 1996-1997 Mark Russinovich and Bryce Cogswell
Last modified December 5, 1997
======================================================================
NTFSDOS.EXE is a network file system redirector for DOS/Windows
that is able to recognize and mount NTFS drives for transparent
access. It makes NTFS drives appear indistinguishable from standard
FAT drives, providing the ability to navigate, view and execute programs
on them from DOS or from Windows, including from the Windows 3.1 File
Manager and Windows 95 Explorer.
Please read this entire file before contacting us for help.
Availability
============
The latest version of NTFSDOS can be found at
http://www.sysinternals.com
Sample Output
=============
Here is sample output from an NTFSDOS session under DOS 7.0 (Windows 95):
C:\ntfsdos>ntfsdos
NTFS File System Redirector for DOS/Windows V2.0R+ (read-only)
Copyright (C) 1996-1997 Mark Russinovich and Bryce Cogswell
http://www.sysinternals.com
Initialized 500KB of XMS cache.
Mounting NTFS partition(0x80:3) as drive: H
C:\ntfsdos>h:
H:\>dir
Volume in drive H is ntfs
Directory of H:\
EMACS <DIR> 03-16-96 8:31a emacs
FILEMON <DIR> 04-18-96 3:30p filemon
<DIR> 05-01-96 1:20p newlongfilename
NTICE <DIR> 03-30-96 8:18a NTICE
PAGEFILE SYS 28,311,552 04-07-96 12:16p pagefile.sys
PROGRA~1 <DIR> 03-30-96 5:20a Program Files
RECYCLER <DIR> 03-30-96 5:36a RECYCLER
TEMP <DIR> 05-15-96 12:58a temp
USERS <DIR> 03-16-96 3:27a users
WIN32APP <DIR> 03-16-96 3:27a win32app
WINNT <DIR> 03-30-96 8:41a WINNT
WINNT35 <DIR> 05-15-96 12:58a WINNT35
1 file(s) 28,311,552 bytes
11 dir(s) 388,284,416 bytes free
H:\>
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Enhancements over V1.30
=======================
NTFSDOS V2.0R+ has the following improvements over V1.30:
- Several significant bug fixes.
- An option for tolerating directories containing
files with unicode names.
- Support for disks with many partitions.
- Greatly improved robustness.
- An add-on, NTFSDOS Tools, provides limited write
capability aimed at disaster recovery
Contents of the Package
=======================
README.TXT - this readme
NTFSDOS.EXE - DOS/Windows NTFS file-system driver
NTFSHLP.VXD - helper VxD needed only for long filename support in
Windows 95
Installation and Use
====================
To use NTFSDOS, simply execute it from the DOS command line (DOS
5.0 or greater is required), or from your AUTOEXEC.BAT. Executing
NTFSDOS before Windows is started will create NTFS drives that
are visible globally once inside Windows. Executing NTFSDOS in a DOS box
means that the NTFS drives only exist within the DOS box where NTFSDOS
was executed.
When NTFSDOS starts, it will scan all hard-disk partitions on
your system to look for NTFS drives. It will mount all NTFS drives
it finds as unique DOS logical drive letters, and will inform you
as it does so.
If you run NTFSDOS under DOS 7.0, NTFS drives will support long filename
calls *even before Windows starts*. To propagate this support into
Windows 95, NTFSDOS automatically has Windows run the NTFSHLP.VXD VxD
device driver. No changes to SYSTEM.INI or the registry are necessary
for this to occur - NTFSDOS will detect when Windows 95 starts and
load the driver without user-intervention. You need NTFSHLP.VXD only
if you will be running NTFSDOS with Windows 95.
NTFSDOS implements its own caching, and uses one of two types of
memory, depending on how your system is configured. Its first
choice is to use XMS memory for caching, as this minimizes demands
placed on conventional memory. If you start NTFSDOS before Windows,
then HIMEM.SYS, which can be found in the WINDOWS directory under
Windows 95 or the DOS directory under Windows 3.1, or its equivalent,
must be started before NTFSDOS. If NTFSDOS does not detect an XMS
server, it will resort to allocating 64KB of conventional memory for
its cache. In either case, it will inform you of its action.
NTFSDOS takes six command line parameters.
* The /L parameter lets you specify which drive letters NTFSDOS should
attempt to use as it mounts NTFS drives.
* The /C option lets you override the default XMS cache size.
* The /N option should be used to optimize NTFSDOS memory usage when
the NTFS drives you are accessing do not contain compressed files.
* The /X option prevents NTFSDOS from using extended int 13 BIOS
services, in case the BIOS does not properly support them.
* The /U option has NTFSDOS correctly sort through files with unicode
names. You should only use if a NTFSDOS directory listing enters
an infinite loop within directories that contain files with unicode names.
* Finally, the /V option directs NTFSDOS to print messages detailing the
drives it looks at and the memory it allocates.
The syntax for these parameters is:
/L:<letter>... Specifies drive to start mounting at
/C:<size> Specifies size of XMS cache in KB
/N Disable compressed file support
/X Disable extended int 13 support
/U Tolerate unicode file names
/V Verbose
Example:
NTFSDOS /L:ge /C:1024
This command has NTFSDOS mount the first NTFS partition it finds as
drive 'g' and the second as drive 'e', and indicates that it should
create a 1MB XMS cache. If a drive letter is specified that is
already in use, the partition that is being mounted at the letter
will not mount and an appropriate error message will be printed.
There is no way to unload NTFSDOS from memory once it has started.
If You Have Problems Running NTFSDOS
====================================
* NTFSDOS does not recognize my NTFS drive
NTFSDOS does not handle cluster sizes > 4K on NT 4.0 formatted drives. This
is rare, since NTFS compression does not handle these cluster sizes either.
NTFSDOS requires that disks be accessible via BIOS, using the INT 13 or
extended INT 13 services. In some cases, SCSI drives may not be fully
accessible without a DOS device driver (see your SCSI adapter documentation).
* NTFSDOS uses too much conventional memory
Some people have complained that NTFSDOS is a memory hog. Unfortunately,
this fact is largely imposed on us by the architecture of NTFS itself
(sorry, but its a *little* more complicated than FAT, and much more memory
intensive), coupled with our desire to provide reasonable performance
across a wide variety of NTFS installations. In general, the footprint
of NTFSDOS increases largely with the clustersize of the largest NTFS
partition, and slightly with the number of NTFS volumes mounted. If the
NTFS drives you will be accessing do not contain compressed files, you
should use the /N option to lower NTFSDOS' memory footprint.
* Accessing an NTFSDOS drive causes a hang or crash
NTFSDOS does not support disk striping. Further, it cannot handle drives
that are on partitions extending beyond the 2GB boundary, or that
are larger than 2GB in size, UNLESS the computer's BIOS has extended
INT 13 support for the drives in question. The latter restrictions are due to
limitations in standard disk BIOS code that prevent it from addressing
sectors 2GB or more from the start of a disk.
NTFSDOS has not been thoroughly bullet-proofed against corrupt NTFS
drive data structures, so it may cause Windows to crash or hang
when it runs into problems. To insure that a crash or hang is due
to a problem with NTFSDOS rather than your NTFS drive, be sure to
chkdsk the drive fro
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