HTML5最新草案 HTML5 Draft

HTML 5

Draft Standard — 16 July 2009

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This specification evolves HTML and its related APIs to ease the authoring of Web-based

applications. Additions include context menus, a direct-mode graphics canvas, a full duplex

client-server communication channel, more semantics, audio and video, various features for

offline Web applications, sandboxed iframes, and scoped styling. Heavy emphasis is placed

on keeping the language backwards compatible with existing legacy user agents and on

keeping user agents backwards compatible with existing legacy documents.

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Status of this document

This is a work in progress! This document is changing on a daily if not hourly basis in

response to comments and as a general part of its development process. Comments are very

specification before it eventually reaches the call for implementations should join the

WHATWG mailing list and take part in the discussions.

This specification is also being produced by the W3C HTML WG. The two specifications are

identical from the table of contents onwards.

This specification is intended to replace (be the new version of) what was previously the

HTML4, XHTML 1.x, and DOM2 HTML specifications.

Stability

Different parts of this specification are at different levels of maturity.

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Table of contents

1 Introduction (page 20)

1.1 Background (page 20)

1.3 Scope (page 20)

1.4 History (page 21)

1.7 HTML vs XHTML (page 23)

1.8 Structure of this specification (page 24)

1.8.1 How to read this specification (page 24)

1.8.2 Typographic conventions (page 24)

1.9 A quick introduction to HTML (page 25)

2 Common infrastructure (page 28)

2.1 Terminology (page 28)

2.1.1 XML (page 28)

2.1.2 DOM trees (page 29)

2.1.3 Scripting (page 29)

2.3 Case-sensitivity and string comparison (page 36)

2.4 Common microsyntaxes (page 37)

2.4.1 Common parser idioms (page 37)

2.4.2 Boolean attributes (page 38)

2.4.3 Keywords and enumerated attributes (page 38)

2.4.4 Numbers (page 39)

2.4.4.1 Non-negative integers (page 39)

2.4.4.2 Signed integers (page 40)

2.4.4.3 Real numbers (page 41)

2.4.4.4 Ratios (page 43)

2.4.5.3 Times (page 51)

2.4.5.4 Local dates and times (page 53)

2.4.5.5 Global dates and times (page 54)

2.4.5.6 Weeks (page 56)

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2.4.5.7 Vaguer moments in time (page 58)

2.4.6 Colors (page 59)

2.4.7 Space-separated tokens (page 62)

2.4.8 Comma-separated tokens (page 63)

2.4.9 Reversed DNS identifiers (page 64)

2.4.10 References (page 64)

2.6.2 Encrypted HTTP and related security concerns (page 71)

2.6.3 Determining the type of a resource (page 71)

2.7 Character encodings (page 72)

2.8 Common DOM interfaces (page 73)

2.8.1 Reflecting content attributes in DOM attributes (page 73)

2.8.2 Collections (page 76)

2.8.2.1 HTMLCollection (page 76)

2.8.2.2 HTMLAllCollection (page 77)

2.8.2.3 HTMLFormControlsCollection (page 79)

2.8.2.4 HTMLOptionsCollection (page 81)

2.8.8 Exceptions (page 91)

2.8.9 Garbage collection (page 92)

3 Semantics, structure, and APIs of HTML documents (page 93)

3.1 Introduction (page 93)

3.2 Documents (page 93)

3.2.1 Documents in the DOM (page 93)

3.2.2 Security (page 96)

3.2.3 Resource metadata management (page 96)

3.2.4 DOM tree accessors (page 100)

3.3 Elements (page 104)

3.3.3.4 The xml:base attribute (XML only) (page 112)

3.3.3.5 The dir attribute (page 112)

3.3.3.6 The class attribute (page 113)

3.3.3.7 The style attribute (page 114)

3.3.3.8 Embedding custom non-visible data (page 114)

3.4 Content models (page 116)

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3.4.1 Kinds of content (page 117)

3.4.1.1 Metadata content (page 118)

3.4.1.2 Flow content (page 119)

3.4.1.3 Sectioning content (page 119)

3.4.1.4 Heading content (page 119)

3.4.1.5 Phrasing content (page 120)

3.4.1.6 Embedded content (page 120)

3.4.1.7 Interactive content (page 120)

3.4.2 Transparent content models (page 122)

3.6 APIs in HTML documents (page 124)

4.3 Scripting (page 153)

4.4.3 The nav element (page 166)

4.4.4 The article element (page 168)

4.4.5 The aside element (page 169)

4.4.6 The h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, and h6 elements (page 170)

4.4.7 The hgroup element (page 171)

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