Vice President and Editorial Director, ECS:
Marcia J. Horton
Acquisitions Editor: Matt Goldstein
Editorial Assistant: Kelsey Loanes
Marketing Managers: Bram Van Kempen, Demetrius Hall
Marketing Assistant: Jon Bryant
Senior Managing Editor: Scott Disanno
Production Project Manager: Rose Kernan
Program Manager: Carole Snyder
Global HE Director of Vendor Sourcing
and Procurement: Diane Hynes
Director of Operations: Nick Sklitsis
Operations Specialist: Maura Zaldivar-Garcia
Cover Designer: Black Horse Designs
Manager, Rights and Permissions: Rachel Youdelman
Associate Project Manager, Rights and Permissions:
Timothy Nicholls
Full-Service Project Management: Rashmi Tickyani,
iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd.
Composition: iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd.
Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Malloy
Cover Printer: Phoenix Color/Hagerstown
Cover Image: Micha Pawlitzki/Terra/Corbis
Typeface: 10.5/12 Minion Pro
ISBN-10: 0-13-397077-9
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-397077-7
Copyright © 2016, 2011, 2007 by Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant B. Navathe. All rights reserved. Manufactured
in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permissions should be obtained
from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to
use materials from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Higher Education, Permissions
Department, 221 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030.
Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks.
Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations
have been printed in initial caps or all caps.
The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts include
the development, research, and testing of theories and programs to determine their effectiveness. The author and
publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the
documentation contained in this book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or
consequential damages with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of these programs.
Microsoft and/or its respective suppliers make no representations about the suitability of the information
contained in the documents and related graphics published as part of the services for any purpose. All such
documents and related graphics are provided “as is” without warranty of any kind. Microsoft and/or its respective
suppliers hereby disclaim all warranties and conditions with regard to this information, including all warranties
and conditions of merchantability. Whether express, implied or statutory, fitness for a particular purpose, title
and non-infringement. In no event shall microsoft and/or its respective suppliers be liable for any special,
indirect or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether
in an action of contract. Negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in connection with the use or
performance of information available from the services.
The documents and related graphics contained herein could include technical inaccuracies or typographical
errors. Changes are periodically added to the information herein. Microsoft and/or its respective suppliers may
make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described herein at any time.
Partial screen shots may be viewed in full within the software version specified.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data on File
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
