linux expect安装及expect，tcl安装包

工作中需要对几十台服务器做互信，无意中发现expect命令，研究一番。 expect命令在自动交互中很好用。 系统:虚拟机fedora14，32位。 [root@Linux ~]# uname -a Linux Linux 2.6.35.6-45.fc14.i686 #1 SMP Mon Oct 18 23:56:17 UTC 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux 安装包： -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 525572 Aug 5 19:22 expect-5.43.0.tar.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3641017 Jul 23 13:28 tcl8.4.16-src.tar.gz 安装步骤： 解压安装tcl： tar zxvf tcl8.4.16-src.tar.gz; [root@Linux ~]# cd tcl8.4.16/unix/ ./configure make make install cp tclUnixPort.h ../generic/ 解压安装expect： tar zxvf expect-5.43.0.tar.gz; [root@Linux ~]# cd expect-5.43 [root@Linux expect-5.43]# ./configure --with-tcl=/usr/local/lib/ --with-tclinclude=/usr/log/tcl8.4.16/generic --with-x=no 上面配置这句是关键。 按照自己的tcl安装位置修改tcl=/usr/local/lib/ 修改tclinclude=/root/tcl8.4.16/generic 这个目录是上面安装tcl文件夹的目录。 make make install --建立连接。 ln -s /usr/local/bin/expect /usr/bin/expect --定义别名。使用ep代替expect。 echo "alias ep='expect'" >>/root/.bashrc 本步骤也在linux redhat5.5 64位系统中安装成功。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB log]# uname -a Linux HN509-AQ-WEB 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:39 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 先删除以前的密匙。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB .ssh]# rm -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa* 没有重复文件的生成步骤：需要3次按键。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB .ssh]# ssh-keygen -b 1024 -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 1 Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 2 Enter same passphrase again: 3 Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: f2:94:41:fb:1b:26:f5:8e:43:05:0e:e0:47:ce:b4:e4 root@HN509-AQ-WEB 如果以前已经生成，则需要4不按键。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB .ssh]# ssh-keygen -b 1024 -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): /root/.ssh/id_rsa already exists. Overwrite (y/n)? y Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 88:b3:05:27:c3:9f:1d:a7:92:88:4b:83:b6:44:db:b8 root@HN509-AQ-WEB 此脚本只适用于，/root/.ssh/文件夹下有id_rsa和id_rsa.pub文件的情况。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB log]# cat tmp.sh #!/usr/bin/expect spawn ssh-keygen -b 1024 -t rsa expect *key* send \r expect *verwrite* send y\r expect *passphrase* send \r expect *again: send \r interact 为了适应所有情况。建议执行前，在脚本中把id_rsa和id_rsa.pub文件删除。rm -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa* 先删除以前的密匙。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB .ssh]# rm -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa* 没有重复文件的生成步骤：需要3次按键。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB .ssh]# ssh-keygen -b 1024 -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 1 Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 2 Enter same passphrase again: 3 Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: f2:94:41:fb:1b:26:f5:8e:43:05:0e:e0:47:ce:b4:e4 root@HN509-AQ-WEB 执行脚本。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB log]# cat tmp.sh #!/usr/bin/expect spawn ssh-keygen -b 1024 -t rsa expect *key* send \r expect *empty* send \r expect *again: send \r interact 传输公匙文件，这里是直接传输~/.ssh/到对端。由于对端可能没有~/.ssh/文件夹，还需要建，所以直接传输文件夹。 [root@HN509-AQ-WEB log]# cat tmp.10.7.1.29.sh #!/usr/bin/expect spawn scp -r /root/.ssh [email protected]:~/ expect *assword* send \r expect *assword* send thinker\r interact 如果是一台没有登陆过的服务器，在本机的know_hosts里面由于没有相应的公匙，所以会提示是否增加这个文件。 先删除本机的know_hosts文件， rm -f ~/.ssh/known_hosts 修改自动脚本。 spawn scp -r /root/.ssh [email protected]:~/ The authenticity of host '10.7.1.31 (10.7.1.31)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 94:91:b1:7c:77:54:b9:72:c8:57:ca:c8:ec:20:7f:8c. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? Host key verification failed. [root@HN509-AQ-WEB log]# cat tmp.10.7.1.29.sh #!/usr/bin/expect spawn scp -r /root/.ssh [email protected]:~/ expect *yes* send yes\r expect *assword* send \r expect *assword* send thinker\r interact