This book will show how Spring Boot can automatically deal with the behind-thescenes
stuff that goes into an application, freeing you to focus on the tasks that make
your application unique. In many ways, this is analogous to what went into making this
book happen. There were so many other people taking care of making things happen
that I was free to focus on writing the content of the book. For taking care of the
behind-the-scenes work at Manning, I’d like to thank Cynthia Kane, Robert Casazza,
Andy Carroll, Corbin Collins, Kevin Sullivan, Mary Piergies, Janet Vail, Ozren Harlovic,
and Candace Gillhoolley.
Writing tests help you know if your software is meeting its goals. Similarly, those
who reviewed Spring Boot in Action while it was still being written gave me the feedback
I needed to make sure that the book stayed on target. For this, my gratitude goes out
to Aykut Acikel, Bachir Chihani, Eric Kramer, Francesco Persico, Furkan Kamaci,
Gregor Zurowski, Mario Arias, Michael A. Angelo, Mykel Alvis, Norbert Kuchenmeister,
Phil Whiles, Raphael Villela, Sam Kreter, Travis Nelson, Wilfredo R. Ronsini Jr.,
and William Fly. Special thanks to John Guthrie for a final technical review shortly
before the manuscript went into production. And extra special thanks to Andrew
Glover for contributing the foreword to my book.
Of course, this book wouldn’t be possible or even necessary without the incredible
work done by the talented members of the Spring team. It’s amazing what you do, and
I’m so excited to be part of a team that’s changing how software is developed.
Swift is Apple's new programming language that was introduced at the Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) in 2014, alongside the integrated development environment Xcode 6 and iOS 8. Swift was arguably the most significant announcement at WWDC 2014, and very few people, including Apple
insiders, were aware of the project's existence prior to it being announced.
At WWDC 2015, Apple made another big splash when they announced Xcode 7 and Swift 2, which is a major enhancement to the Swift language. During WWDC, Chris Lattner said that a lot of the enhancements were based on direct feedback that Apple received from the development community.
Swift can be thought of as Objective-C reimagined using modern concepts and safe programming patterns. In Apple's own words, Swift is like "Objective-C without the C". Chris, the creator of Swift, said that Swift took language ideas from Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C#, CLU, and far too many others to list.
Apple has also stated that "Swift is a successor to the C and Objective-C languages". Therefore, it is imperative for iOS and OS X developers who want to keep their skills up to date to not only learn, but also master the Swift programming language.
The first five chapters of this book will introduce the reader to the Swift programming language. These chapters will give the reader a solid understanding of the Swift programming language. The remainder of the book will cover more advanced topics such as concurrency, network development, protocol extensions, and design patterns that will help the reader master this language.
This book is written in an example-based approach where each topic covered is backed by examples, which are written to reinforce the topic and show how to implement it within the reader's code.
Welcome to Learning Swift 2 Programming, Second Edition. This book will launch you
into the world of iOS programming using the exciting new Swift programming language.
This book covers Swift from start to finish, in a quick but complete way.
F# is an open-source, cross-platform, functional-first programming language that empowers all levels
of programmers to write simple, robust code for a huge range of practical purposes. F# combines the
succinctness, expressivity, efficiency, and robustness of functional programming—programming based
on transformations of data—with the runtime support, libraries, interoperability, tools, and object models
of modern programming frameworks. F# is the safe choice for modern programming, embracing both
enterprise quality through tools for a wide range of editors and operating systems, and openness, allowing
you to contribute to the language and its ecosystem.
This book will help you become an expert in using F# for a broad range of practical problems.
F# is a “functional-first” language, where functional programming is the first option used for solving most
programming problems. However, F# differs from many functional languages in that it is both highly
interoperable and embraces imperative and object-oriented (OO) programming where necessary. It also
provides the benefits of both compiled and dynamic languages, allowing both the rapid iteration typical of
dynamic languages and the performance and robustness of a strongly-typed compiled language.
Functional programming has long inspired students and programmers alike with its simplicity and
expressive power. Applied functional programming is booming. A new generation of functional languages
is reaching maturity; some functional language constructs have been integrated into languages such as C#,
Java, and Python, and there is now widespread expertise available in the pragmatic application of functional
programming techniques. There is also strong evidence that functional programming offers significant
productivity gains in important application areas such as data access, ETL (Extract, Transform, Load)
pipelines, enterprise architecture, financial modeling, machine learning, and analysis tools. More recently,
functional programming is part of the rise of declarative programming models, especially for data queries,
concurrent programming, parallel programming, and reactive programming.
The F# designers have adopted a design philosophy that allows you to take the best and most
productive aspects of these paradigms and combine them while still placing primary emphasis on
simplicity. This book will help you understand the power that F# offers through this combination. The
designer of the F# language, Don Syme, is one of the authors of this book. This book benefits from his
authority on F# and from all the authors’ years of experience with F# and other programming languages.
F# benefits from a supportive and energetic worldwide community that is happy and willing to help
you in your journey. You can find them everywhere: on StackOverflow (tag fsharp), Twitter (#fsharp),
LinkedIn, GitHub, Slack, Facebook, and more. Most of all, you can find them via fsharp.org—the home of
the F# Software Foundation, the non-profit foundation whose mission is to promote and protect the F#
language and that acts as a strong voice for the language worldwide. The F# community contributes to an
ecosystem of free open-source components and tools, including important core tools such as FSharp.Data,
that bridge to a host of other programming libraries and services. F# also combines the best of openness
and enterprise support: it is an open-source, cross-platform language under an OSS-approved license, and
companies including Microsoft and Xamarin provide supported tooling for F# through tools such as Visual
Studio and Xamarin Studio. Combined with its technical features, this makes F# an exciting and safe choice
for mainstream professional programming activities.
The first edition of this book was released in 2001 at the same time Microsoft released the Beta 2 build
of .NET 1.0. Working on that first edition was certainly a challenge, given that the APIs and C# language
were in a bit of flux during the authoring process. At that time, the entirety of the .NET platform was quite
manageable from a developer’s point of view. Windows Forms was the only desktop GUI API option in
the platform, ASP.NET was exclusively focused on the web-form programming model, and C# was a lean and
mean OOP.
Throughout the first six editions of this text, I have been the sole author responsible for updating the
book to account for the numerous changes to the C# language and new APIs in the .NET platform. This book
has been updated over the last 14 years to account for the Language Integrated Query (LINQ) programming
model, Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF), Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), new
threading models and keywords, new development tools, and changes to the web-centric programming
framework (among many other things).
Beginning with this seventh edition, it became clear to me that a complete update of the book would
have taken an extremely long time on my own. To be sure, my own life has become much busier than it
was in 2001 (or even 2011; I suspect becoming a father has something to do with this or maybe too many
graduate school classes…hmm).
In any case, when Apress approached me to update the book for the latest edition of the .NET platform,
we considered a number of different approaches to get the book out in a timely manner. Eventually, we
agreed it might be time to bring in a helping and capable hand to update portions of the text. Apress
suggested that I meet with Philip Japikse to see whether he might be a good match. After a series of phone
conversations, e-mail threads, and some careful thought, I was happy to bring him onboard to work on this
project. I am happy to announce C# 6.0 and the .NET 4.6 Framework has been a joint effort between myself
and co-author Philip Japikse. Please allow Philip to introduce himself…
—Andrew Troelsen
