基于单片机的红外防盗警报器的设计说明.doc

红外防盗报警器的设计

摘 要 ：本系统采用了热释电红外传感器，它的制作简单、成本低、安装比较方便，

而且防盗性能比较稳定，抗干扰能力强、灵敏度高、安全可靠。这种防盗器安装隐蔽，

不易被盗贼发现，同时它的信号经过单片机系统处理后方便和 PC 机通信，便于多用户

统一管理。本设计包括硬件和软件设计两个部分。硬件部分包括单片机控制电路、红外

Abstract :This system used Pyroelectricinfrared sensor. Its manufacture is simple, and its cost is low,

and fixing is convenient. Besides, the system has many merits, such as steadyguard against theft,

and strongantijammingability, and highthesensitivity, and high reliability. The fixxing of this alarm

is covert, which is discovered easily by cracksman. After has been processed by SCM, the signal of

alarm communicates with PC, which is convenient foruniformmanagement. This design includes

hardware part and software part. Thehardware part includes the control circuit of SCM, and the

infraredprobe circuit,and the alarm circuit, and LED control circuit. The SCM uses AT89C51, the overall

system works under the control of the systemsoftware.

2.2 PIR 的原理特性·························································5

2.3 AT89C51 单片机简单概述·················································5

2.3.1 AT89C51 单片机的结构·················································5

2.3.2 AT89C51 单片机管脚说明···············································6

3 方案设计································································8

3.1 总体设计思路 ··························································8

3.2 具体电路模块设计 ······················································9

3.2.1 热释电红外传感器原理 ················································9

3.2.2 放大电路的设计 ······················································9

3.2.3 时钟电路的设计 ······················································9

3.4.2 中断服务程序工作流程图···············································13

4 软件仿真·······························································13

附录四 Proteus 仿真原理图···············································18

对私有财产的保护意识在不断的增强，因而对防盗措施提出了新的要求。本设计就是为

了满足现代住宅防盗的需要而设计的家庭式电子防盗系统。

触发式防盗报警器等各种报警器，但这几种比较常见的报警器都存在一些缺点。而本设

计中所使用的红外线是不可见光，有很强的隐蔽性和性，因此在防盗、警戒等安保装置

中得到了广泛的应用。这种热释电红外传感器能以非接触形式检测出人体辐射的红外线，

1.1 设计任务与要求

模块子函数。

门送出 TTL 电平至 AT89C51 单片机，经单片机处理运算后驱动执行报警电路使警号发

声

人出入。此类装置设计的要点：其一是能有效判断是否有人员进入；其二是尽可能增加

防护围。当然，系统工作的稳定性和可靠性也是追求的重要指标。至于报警可采用声光

信号。

2.1 热释电红外传感器简单介绍