目 录
目 录........................................................................................................1
摘要：本文首先介绍了直流电动机的工作原理以与直流电动机的调速方法，然后
叙述了单片机测量转速的系统构成与转速测量的几种常用方法，分析了相应方法
在测量上的特点和计算。本文主要工作，设计出一种基于 AT89S51 单片机的直流
电机转速测控系统，采用霍尔传感器感应电机转速测量的方法，利用直流电机驱
动芯片 L298N 组成电机驱动电路，通过 PWM 波的输出脉冲进行调速，通过 LCD
对电机转速进行实时显示。设计的硬件系统包括脉冲信号产生、单片机电路模块、
电机驱动模块和显示模块四部分，采用 C 语言编写了转速测量与控制的软件。实
验结果表明该方法具有简单、精度高、稳定性好的优点。................................1
Abstract ： This article rstly introduces the working principle of dc
motor and the control method for dc motor. Then the measurement
and several common methods for measuring rotational speed of
single-chip microcomputer system structure is described. The
characteristics of the measurement method and the calculation are
Analyzed.The work in this article is to design a kind of dc motor speed
measurement and control system based on AT89S51, using Hall
sensor-based to induction Motor speed. High-power drive circuit
implementation L298N motor driver is used. Through the PWM output
pulse wave achieve motor speed and the speed of the motor is showed
in real time on LCD. The Hardware systems designed including the
pulse signal generation.And using C language to prepare the speed
measurement and control software. The results of experimentshow
that the method is simple, high precision, stability................................1
1 绪论......................................................................................................1
1.1 设计目的和意义.............................................................................1
1.2 设计任务.......................................................................................2
1.3 研究容与可行性分析.......................................................................2
1.3.1 研究容..........................................................................................................2
1.3.2 可行性分析..................................................................................................3
2 系统设计理论基础...................................................................................3
2.1 转速测量方法................................................................................3
2.1.1 测频法（M 法）..........................................................................................3
2.2 电机转速信号采集方案....................................................................3
2.2.1 霍尔开关测量方案......................................................................................3
2.2.2 传感器测转速方案确定..............................................................................4
2.3 直流电机调速方法..........................................................................5
2.3.1 PWM 调速设计............................................................................................5
2.4 直流电机驱动方案选择与论证..........................................................6
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