基于OpenCV的多种条形码识别算法

/*** * 基于OpenCV的条形码识别算法实现 * 适用范围：EAN13、Code39、Code93、Code128 * 适用读者：初级图像处理学习者，高手路过勿喷，仅供参考，互相学习 * 编码方式：本文采用C和C++混合编写 * 作者邮箱：xuxin0312@foxmail.com，欢迎交流学习 ***/ #include <highgui.h> #include "cv.h" #include <string.h> #include <iostream> #include <unordered_map> #include<time.h> using namespace std; //常用的编码方式 int const EAN13 = 1; int const Code39 = 2; int const Code93 = 3; int const Code128 = 4; string getCodeBar(IplImage* source, int encoding); string getCodeBar(IplImage* source); int getEncoding(IplImage* source); bool isEAN13(IplImage* source); bool isCode39(IplImage* source); bool isCode93(IplImage* source); bool isCode128(IplImage* source); void getBaseAndStart(IplImage* source, int lineHight, int threshold,int* base, int* start); int getNumOfPixel(IplImage* source, int lineHight,int threshold, int* index); string getDigitsEAN13(IplImage* source); string parseEAN13(string code); string getDigitsCode39(IplImage* source); string parseCode39(string code); string getDigitsCode93(IplImage* source); string parseCode93(string code); string getDigitsCode128(IplImage* source); string parseCode128(string code); int main() { char* path = "D:\\g.jpg";//路径为自定义，条形码尽量居于图片的中间位置，本算法未实现条码的定位。 int encoding = Code128;//上面定义了几种编码方式 IplImage* img = cvLoadImage(path); clock_t start,finish; double totaltime; start = clock(); //string code = getCodeBar(img, encoding);//条形码检测入口函数,指定编码方式 string code = getCodeBar(img);//条形码检测入口函数，未指定编码方式 finish = clock(); totaltime=finish-start; cout<<"此程序的运行时间为"<<totaltime<<"毫秒！"<<endl; cout<<"条形码为 :"<<code<<endl; cvNamedWindow("Example",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); cvShowImage("Example",img); cvWaitKey(0); cvReleaseImage(&img); cvDestroyWindow("Example"); return 0; } string getCodeBar(IplImage* source) { string result = ""; int encoding = getEncoding(source); result = getCodeBar(source,encoding); return result; } string getCodeBar(IplImage* source,int encoding) { string codeDigit=""; string result=""; switch (encoding) { case EAN13: codeDigit = getDigitsEAN13(source); result = parseEAN13(codeDigit); break; case Code39: codeDigit = getDigitsCode39(source); result = parseCode39(codeDigit); break; case Code93: codeDigit = getDigitsCode93(source); result = parseCode39(codeDigit); break; case Code128: codeDigit = getDigitsCode128(source); result = parseCode128(codeDigit); break; } return result; } /* * 方法描述：获取条码的编码方式 * 输入：图像文件source * 输出：编码方式，默认返回EAN13 */ int getEncoding(IplImage* source) { if(isEAN13(source)) return EAN13; else if(isCode39(source)) return Code39; else if(isCode93(source)) return Code93; else if(isCode128(source)) return Code128; else return EAN13;//程序默认为EAN13编码方式 } /* * 方法描述：判断条码的编码方式是否为EAN13 * 输入：图像文件source * 输出：true/false */ bool isEAN13(IplImage* source) { string code = ""; code = getDigitsEAN13(source); if(code.length() == 95 && code.substr(0,3) == "101" && code.substr(92,3) == "101") return true; else return false; } /* * 方法描述：判断条码的编码方式是否为Code39 * 输入：图像文件source * 输出：true/false */ bool isCode39(IplImage* source) { int height = source->height; int width = source->width; int start = 0; int base = 0; int threshold = 128; int lineHight = height/2; string code = ""; getBaseAndStart(source,lineHight,threshold,&base,&start); int index = start; while(true) { if(index >= width - 10) break; if(code.length() >= 9) break; int numOfPixel = getNumOfPixel(source, lineHight,threshold,&index);//统计相同类型（条/空白）的像素的个数 int numOfDigit = (int) ((double) numOfPixel / base + 0.5); if(numOfDigit > 1) code += "1"; else code += "0"; } if(code == "010010100") return true; else return false; } /* * 方法描述：判断条码的编码方式是否为Code93 * 输入：图像文件source * 输出：true/false */ bool isCode93(IplImage* source) { int height = source->height; int width = source->width; int start = 0; int base = 0; int threshold = 128; int lineHight = height/2; string code = ""; getBaseAndStart(source,lineHight,threshold,&base,&start); int index = start; while(true) { if(index >= width - 10) break; if(code.length() >= 6) break; int numOfPixel = getNumOfPixel(source, lineHight,threshold,&index);//统计相同类型（条/空白）的像素的个数 int numOfDigit = (int) ((double) numOfPixel / base + 0.5); code.append(1,'0' + numOfDigit); } if(code == "111141") return true; else return false; } /* * 方法描述：判断条码的编码方式是否为Code128 * 输入：图像文件source * 输出：true/false */ bool isCode128(IplImage* source) { int height = source->height; int width = source->width; int start = 0; int base = 0; int threshold = 128; int lineHight = height/2; string code = ""; getBaseAndStart(source,lineHight,threshold,&base,&start); base = base / 2;//因为Code128起始符为2，为base宽度的两倍 int index = start; while(true) { if(index >= width - 10) break; if(code.length() >= 6) break; int numOfPixel = getNumOfPixel(source, lineHight,threshold,&index);//统计相同类型（条/空白）的像素的个数 int numOfDigit = (int) ((double) numOfPixel / base + 0.5); code.append(1,'0' + numOfDigit); } if(code == "211214") return true; return false; } /* * 方法描述：获取编码方式为EAN13的间接code * 输入：图像文件source * 输出：间接的EAN13 code */ string getDigitsEAN13(IplImage* source) { int height = source->height; int width = source->width; int start = 0; int base = 0; int threshold = 128; int lineHight = height/2;//默认采取图像中间的一条线来提取间接code string code = ""; getBaseAndStart(source,lineHight,threshold,&base,&start); int index = start; while(true) { if(code.length() >= 95) break; if(index >= width - 10) break; CvScalar scalar = cvGet2D(source,lineHight,index); int temp = 0.114 * scalar.val[0] + 0.587 * scalar.val[1] + 0.299 * scalar.val[2];//BGR转化为灰度图像公式 int bias = temp - threshold;//用来判断为空白还是条纹 int numOfPixel = getNumOfPixel(source, lineHight,threshold,&index);//统计相同类型（条/空白）的像素的个数 int numOfDigit = (int) ((double) numOfPixel / base + 0.5);//在EAN13中代表宽条代表几个数字（0/1） if(numOfDigit >= 1) { for(int j = 0; j < numOfDigit; j++) {//采用循环来显示多个相同数字 if(bias < 0) code = code + "1"; else code = code + "0"; } } } return code; } /* * 方法描述：获取编码方式为Code39的间接code * 输入：图像文件source * 输出：间接的Code39 code */ string getDigitsCode39(IplImage* source) { int height = source->height; int width = source->width; int start = 0; int base = 0; int threshold = 128; int lineHight = height/2; string digitFlag = "";//起始符或终止符 int flag = 0;//0表示digitFlag代表起始符，1表示digitFlag代表终止符 string code = ""; getBaseAndStart(source,lineHight,threshold,&base,&start); int index = start; while(true) { if(index >= width - 10) break; int numOfPixel = getNumOfPixel(source, lineHight,threshold,&index);//统计相同类型（条/空白）的像素的个数 int numOfDigit = (int) ((double) numOfPixel / base + 0.5); if(numOfDigit > 1) { code += "1"; digitFlag += "1"; } else { code += "0"; digitFlag += "0"; if(digitFlag.length() == 10) { if(flag == 0 && digitFlag.substr(0,9) == "010010100") { digitFlag = ""; flag = 1; } else if(flag == 0 && digitFlag.substr(0,9) != "010010100") { break; } else if(flag == 1 && digitFlag.substr(0,9) == "010010100") { break; } else if(flag ==