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Mechanical Behavior of Materials （1）

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Chapter 1 Materials: Structure, Properties, and Performance 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Monolithic, Composite, and Hierarchical Materials 3 1.3 Structure of Materials 15 1.3.1 Crystal Structures 16 1.3.2 Metals 19 1.3.3 Ceramics 25 1.3.4 Glasses 30 1.3.5 Polymers 31 1.3.6 Liquid Crystals 39 1.3.7 Biological Materials and Biomaterials 40 1.3.8 Porous and Cellular Materials 44 1.3.9 Nano- and Microstructure of Biological Materials 45 1.3.10 The Sponge Spicule: An Example of a Biological Material 56 1.3.11 Active (or Smart) Materials 57 1.3.12 Electronic Materials 58 1.3.13 Nanotechnology 60 1.4 Strength of Real Materials 61 Suggested Reading 64 Exercises 65 Chapter 2 Elasticity and Viscoelasticity 71 2.1 Introduction 71 2.2 Longitudinal Stress and Strain 72 2.3 Strain Energy (or Deformation Energy) Density 77 2.4 Shear Stress and Strain 80 2.5 Poisson’s Ratio 83 2.6 More Complex States of Stress 85 2.7 Graphical Solution of a Biaxial State of Stress: the Mohr Circle 89 2.8 Pure Shear: Relationship between G and E 95 2.9 Anisotropic Effects 96 2.10 Elastic Properties of Polycrystals 107 2.11 Elastic Properties of Materials 110 2.11.1 Elastic Properties of Metals 111 2.11.2 Elastic Properties of Ceramics 111 2.11.3 Elastic Properties of Polymers 116 2.11.4 Elastic Constants of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Composite 117 2.12 Viscoelasticity 120 2.12.1 Storage and Loss Moduli 124 2.13 Rubber Elasticity 126 2.14 Mooney--Rivlin Equation 131 2.15 Elastic Properties of Biological Materials 134 2.15.1 Blood Vessels 134 2.15.2 Articular Cartilage 137 2.15.3 Mechanical Properties at the Nanometer Level 140 2.16 Elastic Properties of Electronic Materials 143 2.17 Elastic Constants and Bonding 145 Suggested Reading 155 Exercises 155 Chapter 3 Plasticity 161 3.1 Introduction 161 3.2 Plastic Deformation in Tension 163 3.2.1 Tensile Curve Parameters 171 3.2.2 Necking 172 3.2.3 Strain Rate Effects 176 3.3 Plastic Deformation in Compression Testing 183 3.4 The Bauschunger Effect 187 3.

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Mechanical Behavior ；Materials

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