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General Description
The MAX1044 and ICL7660 are monolithic, CMOS
switched-capacitor voltage converters that invert, double,
divide, or multiply a positive input voltage. They are
pin compatible with the industry-standard ICL7660 and
LTC1044. Operation is guaranteed from 1.5V to 10V with
no external diode over the full temperature range. They
deliver 10mA with a 0.5V output drop. The MAX1044 has
a BOOST pin that raises the oscillator frequency above
the audio band and reduces external capacitor size
requirements.
The MAX1044/ICL7660 combine low quiescent current and
high efficiency. Oscillator control circuitry and four power
MOSFET switches are included on-chip. Applications
include generating a -5V supply from a +5V logic supply
to power analog circuitry. For applications requiring more
power, the MAX660 delivers up to 100mA with a voltage
drop of less than 0.65V.
Applications
● -5V Supply from +5V Logic Supply
● Personal Communications Equipment
● Portable Telephones
● Op-Amp Power Supplies
● EIA/TIA-232E and EIA/TIA-562 Power Supplies
● Data-Acquisition Systems
● Handheld Instruments
● Panel Meters
Features
● Miniature μMAX Package
● 1.5V to 10.0V Operating Supply Voltage Range
● 98% Typical Power-Conversion Efficiency
● Invert, Double, Divide, or Multiply Input Voltages
● BOOST Pin Increases Switching Frequencies
(MAX1044)
● No-Load Supply Current: 200μA (max) at 5V
● No External Diode Required for Higher-Voltage
Operation
19-4667; Rev 3; 6/19
Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.
NEGATIVE VOLTAGE CONVERTER
CAP+
CAP-
V+
V
OUT
GND
INPUT
SUPPLY
VOLTAGE
NEGATIVE
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
MAX1044
ICL7660
MAX1044
ICL7660
+
4
3
2
1
CAP-
GND
CAP+
(N.C.) BOOST
5
6
7
8
V
OUT
LV
OSC
V+
TOP VIEW
( ) ARE FOR ICL7660
DIP/SO/µMAX
TO-99
ICL7660
N.C.
CAP+
GND
CAP-
V
OUT
LV
OSC
V+ AND CASE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Typical Operating Circuit
Pin Congurations
MAX1044/ICL7660 Switched-Capacitor Voltage Converters
Click here for production status of specic part numbers.

Supply Voltage (V+ to GND, or GND to V
OUT
)..................10.5V
Input Voltage on Pins 1, 6, and 7 ....... -0.3V ≤ V
IN
≤ (V+ + 0.3V)
LV Input Current ..................................................................20μA
Output Short-Circuit Duration (V+ ≤ 5.5V) ................Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) ............727mW
SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C) ........................471mW
μMAX (derate 4.1mW/°C above +70°C) .....................330mW
CERDIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) ................640mW
TO-99 (derate 6.67mW/°C above +70°C) ...................533mW
Operating Temperature Ranges
MAX1044C_ _ /ICL7660C_ _ .............................0°C to +70°C
MAX1044E_ _ /ICL7660E_ _ ......................... -40°C to +85°C
MAX1044M_ _ /ICL7660M_ _ ...................... -55°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range ........................... -65°C to + 150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C
(Circuit of Figure 1, V+ = 5.0V, LV pin = 0V, BOOST pin = open, I
LOAD
= 0mA, T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted.)
Note 1: The Maxim ICL7660 and MAX1044 can operate without an external output diode over the full temperature and voltage
ranges. The Maxim ICL7660 can also be used with an external output diode in series with pin 5 (cathode at V
OUT
) when
replacing the Intersil ICL7660. Tests are performed without diode in circuit.
Note 2: f
OSC
is tested with C
OSC
= 100pF to minimize the effects of test fixture capacitance loading. The 1pF frequency is
correlated to this 100pF test point, and is intended to simulate pin 7’s capacitance when the device is plugged into a
test socket with no external capacitor. For this test, the LV pin is connected to GND for comparison to the original
manufacturer’s device, which automatically connects this pin to GND for (V+ > 3V).
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Electrical Characteristics
PARAMETER CONDITIONS
MAX1044 ICL7660
UNITS
MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX
Supply Current
R
L
= ∞,
pins 1 and 7
no connection,
LV open
T
A
= +25°C 30 200 80 175
µA
T
A
= 0°C to +70°C 200 225
T
A
= -40°C to +85°C 200 250
T
A
= -55°C to +125°C 200 250
R
L
= ∞, pins 1 and 7 = V+ = 3V 10
Supply Voltage
Range (Note 1)
R
L
= 10kΩ, LV open 3.0 10.0
V
R
L
= 10kΩ, LV to GND 1.5 10 1.5 3.5
Output Resistance
I
L
= 20mA,
f
OSC
= 5kHz,
LV open
T
A
= +25°C 65 100 55 100
Ω
T
A
= 0°C to +70°C 130 120
T
A
= -40°C to +85°C 130 140
T
A
= -55°C to +125°C 150 150
f
OSC
= 2.7kHz (ICL7660),
f
OSC
= 1kHz (MAX1044),
V+ = 2V, I
L
= 3mA,
LV to GND
T
A
= +25°C 325 250
T
A
= 0°C to +70°C 325 300
T
A
= -40°C to +85°C 325 300
T
A
= -55°C to +125°C 400 400
Oscillator Frequency
C
OSC
= 1pF,
LV to GND (Note 2)
V+ = 5V 5 10
kHz
V+ = 2V 1
Power Eciency R
L
= 5kΩ, T
A
= +25°C, f
OSC
5kHz, LV open 95 98 95 98 %
Voltage Conversion Eciency R
L
= ∞, T
A
= +25°C, LV open
97.0
99.9
99.0
99.9 %
Oscillator Sink or
Source Current
V
OSC
= 0V or V+,
LV open
Pin 1 = 0V 3
µA
Pin 1 = V+ 20
Oscillator Impedance T
A
= +25°C
V+ = 2V 1.0 1.0 MΩ
V+ = 5V 100 100 kΩ
MAX1044/ICL7660 Switched-Capacitor Voltage Converters
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated
│
2

(V+ = 5V; C
BYPASS
= 0.1μF; C1 = C2 = 10μF; LV = open; OSC = open; T
A
= +25°C; unless otherwise noted.)
Typical Operating Characteristics
OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND OUTPUT RIPPLE
vs. LOAD CURRENT
MAX1044-Fig 1
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT RIPPLE (mV
p-p
)
987654321
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
100
50
200
150
300
250
400
350
0
0 10
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
V+ = 2V
LV = GND
OUTPUT RIPPLE
A: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = V+
B: ICL7660
C: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = OPEN
A
B
C
EFFICIENCY AND SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. LOAD CURRENT
MAX1044-Fig 4
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
EFFICIENCY (%)
7 8 964 52 31
100 10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 0
0 10
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
10
40
50
60
70
80
90
30
20
SUPPLY CURRENT
EFFICIENCY
V+ = 2V
LV = GND
OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND OUTPUT RIPPLE
vs. LOAD CURRENT
MAX1044-Fig 2
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
353020 2510 155
-5.0 800
720
640
560
480
400
320
240
160
80
0 0
0 40
-0.5
-2.0
-2.5
-3.0
-3.5
-4.0
-4.5
-1.5
-1.0
OUTPUT RIPPLE (mV
p-p
)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
OUTPUT RIPPLE
V+ = 5V
LV = OPEN
A
A
B
C
B
C
A: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = V+
B: ICL7660
C: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = OPEN
EFFICIENCY AND SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. LOAD CURRENT
MAX1044-Fig 5
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
EFFICIENCY (%)
353020 2510 155
100 50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0 0
0 40
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
10
40
50
60
70
80
90
30
20
V+ = 5V
LV = OPEN
EFFICIENCY
A: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = V+
B: ICL7660
C: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = OPEN
SUPPLY CURRENT
B
C
A
OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND OUTPUT RIPPLE
vs. LOAD CURRENT
MAX1044-Fig 3
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
353020 2510 155
-10 700
630
560
490
420
350
280
210
140
70
0 0
0 40
OUTPUT RIPPLE (mV
p-p
)
-1
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-3
-2
V+ = 10V
LV = OPEN
OUTPUT
RIPPLE
A
B
A: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = V+
B: ICL7660
C: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = OPEN
C
B
C
A
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
EFFICIENCY AND SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. LOAD CURRENT
MAX1044-Fig 6
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
EFFICIENCY (%)
353020 2510 155
100 50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0 0
0 40
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
10
40
50
60
70
80
90
30
20
V+ = 10V
LV = OPEN
A: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = V+
B: ICL7660
C: MAX1044 WITH
BOOST = OPEN
SUPPLY CURRENT
B, C
EFFICIENCY
A
MAX1044/ICL7660 Switched-Capacitor Voltage Converters
Maxim Integrated
│
3
www.maximintegrated.com
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