Examining Cloud Computing Technologies Through the IoT-IGI 2018

The Internet of Things (IoT) has drawn great attention from both academia and industry, since it offers challenging notion of creating a world where all the things, known as smart objects around us are connected, typically in a wireless manner, to the internet and communicate with each other with minimum human intervention. Another component set to help IoT succeed is Cloud computing, which acts as a sort of front end. Cloud computing is an increasingly popular service that offers several advantages to IoT and it is based on the concept of allowing users to perform normal computing tasks using services delivered entirely over the internet. Cloud computing is a paradigm for big data storage and analytics, while IoT is exciting on its own. The real innovation will come from combining it with Cloud computing. The combination of Cloud computing and IoT will enable new monitoring services and powerful processing of sensory data streams. These applications alongside implementation details and challenges should also be explored for successful mainstream adoption. IoT is also fuelled by the advancement of digital technologies. The next generation era will be Cloud-based IoT systems. Recently, IoT and Cloud computing have been widely studied and applied in many fields, as they can provide a new method for intelligent perception and connection from M2M (including Man-to-Man, Man-to-Machine, and Machine-to-Machine), and on-demand use and efficient sharing of resources, respectively. The IoT and Cloud computing are inseparable systems. On the one hand IoT promises to make any electronic devices part of the Internet environment and provide the required information whereas the Cloud computing will help to extract the valuable data from that information. A novel paradigm where Cloud and IoT are merged together is foreseen as disruptive and an enabler of a large number of application scenarios. This new paradigm opens the doors to new innovations and interactions between people and things that will utilize of scarce resources and improve the quality of each individual life. The book identifies potential future directions and technologies that facilitate insight into numerous scientific, smart business, smart cities, smart e-healthcare and smart consumer applications. xv Preface The main goal of this book is to spur the development of effective Cloud-based IoT system and identify state-of-the-art research in the Cloud-based IoT systems, its applications, architectures and technologies. It focuses on the integration of Cloud and IoT named Cloud IoT paradigm. It examine various aspects of Cloud-based IoT system, the need for integrating them, the challenges deriving from such integration, and how these issues have been tackled. Various applications like Cloud-based smart cities, smart grids, smart homes, smart farming and smart e-health services, etc. has been described. Different communication technologies and protocols for Cloud-based IoT system has been explored. To help realize the full potential of Cloud-based IoT system, this book addresses the numerous aspects and challenges for integrating them and discusses the conceptual and technological solutions for tackling them. These challenges include the deployment of Cloud-based IoT model, security issues, designing in integrated Cloud and IoT architecture, and the privacy and ethical issues around data sensing, storage and processing. This book contains 14 chapters authored by several leading experts in the field of IoT and Cloud computing. The book is presented in a coordinated and integrated manner starting with the fundamentals, and followed by the technologies that implement them. The content of the book is organized as follows: Chapter 1: This chapter shows the genesis of Cloud and IoT systems and their integration. Starting from the fundamental presentation of Cloud and IoT this chapter will discuss the integration part of Cloud and IoT. This chapter will also provide a latest picture of integration of Cloud IoT applications. At last some future open research issues are described. Chapter 2: This chapter presents the history of internet, the gradual evolution of Cloud computing, evolution and concepts of the IoT and CloudIoT and its necessities. It also discusses the various applications and service fields of CloudIoT. At the end of this chapter various concepts regarding maintenance of good QoS, controversies in QoS maintenance, different parameters that the QoS depends on, various problems faced in maintaining those parameters and the possible solutions for overcoming those problems are discussed. Possible directions towards future works are also highlighted at the end of this chapter. Chapter 3: This chapter focuses on the deployment models of Cloud computing in relation to IoT. The implications of Cloud computing in view of deployment are discussed in an exhaustive way. The issues for deployment and optimization related to the merger of IoT with Cloud computing are also raised. Chapter 4: This chapter examines the convergence of Cloud computing and IoT systems and explain how these solutions can interact via the internet. The main emphasis of this chapter is on data security, reliability, resource provisioning, service level agreement, quality of service, IoT, privacy and device integration. xvi Preface It also underscores the operational benefits and security issues in Cloud computing and IoT technologies pose to customers. Chapter 5: In this chapter, various security and privacy requirements in the Cloud- based IoT system have been discussed. To solve these security issues the trust management systems has been presented. At the end of this chapter security analysis of IoT-related standard protocols, and security threats at the different layers of IoT has been presented. Chapter 6: This chapter describes the various standards of Cloud and IoT. A critical survey has been done for the need of standards, standardization bodies, their standards and functions. Chapter 7: This chapter presents the various applications by using Cloud and IoT. Various applications like smart healthcare, cities, buildings, agriculture practices and buildings, etc. have been analysed from different perspectives, including sensors, data management, Cloud computing, etc. Then Cloud-based architecture has been proposed for these applications which simultaneously examining and identifying the challenges involved. Chapter 8: This chapter explores the different IoT services offered by Cloud as well as application domains which are benefited by the Cloud IoT. The challenges on offloading the IoT computation into Cloud are also discussed. Chapter 9: The chapter provides an insight of big data, its technical background and its need for adoption globally. On the contrary, the big data management for Cloud-based IoT system has thoroughly discussed. Its key concepts, technical and architectural aspects, management of big data and its identification is presented in a very simplified way. Chapter 10: This chapter elaborates the software defined networking for Cloud-based IoT system. The software defined systems is a new paradigm that appeared recently to hide all complexity in traditional system. The architecture of SDN is very well explained by abstracting all the controls and management operations from the devices attached through IoT. Chapter 11: This chapter introduces the public Cloud Amazon Web Service (AWS) system for a wide range of services like computation, networking, analytics, development and management tools, application services, mobile services and management of IoT devices. Its working principle, design principles has been presented including the detailed description of the AWS IoT Components viz. Device SDK, Message Broker, Rule Engine, Security and Identity Service, Thing Registry, Thing Shadow, and Thing Shadow Service, etc. Chapter 12: This chapter elaborates the Cloud-based IoT systems the major issue is to handle the data because IoT will deliver an abundance of data to Cloud for computing. Under this situation the Cloud servers will compute the big data and try to identify the relevant data and gives decisions accordingly. xvii Preface In the world of big data, it’s a herculean task to manage inflow, storage and exploration of millions of data files and volume of information coming from multiple systems. The growth of this information, calls for good design principles so that it can leverage the different big data tools available in market today. From the information consumption standpoint, business users are exploring new insights from the big data that can uncover potential business value. Data Lake is a technology framework that helps to solution this big data challenge. Chapter 13: In this chapter, various applications used in Cloud of Things are presented. Starting from the introduction of Cloud, IOT and Cloud of Things (CoT), it also covers security and challenges occurred in CoT. Chapter 14: This chapter presents the IoT with significant methodology for the development of innovative applications and systems. It is very much evident that the integration of IoT and Cloud computing enables resource sharing more efficiently. But the research demands the necessity of QoS requirements. These must be capable enough to deliver real time provisions and applications with ensured quality. The basis of Cloud computing, IoT and the survey that was done in QoS of Cloud computing and IoT is discussed in this chapter.