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10-December 2007 |

RINEX: The Receiver Independent Exchange Format Version 2.11

************************************************************

Werner Gurtner

Astronomical Institute

University of Berne

Lou Estey

UNAVCO

Boulder, Co.

Contents:

********

0. Revision History

0.1 Revision Summary

0.2 First Revision

0.3 Later Revisions

0.4 Version 2.10 Modifications

0.5 Version 2.10 Revisions

0.6 Version 2.11 Modifications

1. THE PHILOSOPHY OF RINEX

2. GENERAL FORMAT DESCRIPTION

3. DEFINITION OF THE OBSERVABLES

4. THE EXCHANGE OF RINEX FILES:

5. RINEX VERSION 2 FEATURES

5.1 Satellite Numbers:

5.2 Order of the Header Records:

5.3 Missing Items, Duration of the Validity of Values

5.4 Event Flag Records

5.5 Receiver Clock Offset

6. ADDITIONAL HINTS AND TIPS

6.1 Version 1 / Version 2

6.2 Leading Blanks in CHARACTER fields

A13 GLONASS OBSERVATION FILE - EXAMPLE

A14 MIXED GPS/GLONASS OBSERVATION FILE - EXAMPLE

A15 GEOSTATIONARY NAVIGATION MESSAGE FILE - HEADER SECTION DESCRIPTION

A16 GEOSTATIONARY NAVIGATION MESSAGE FILE - DATA RECORD DESCRIPTION

A17 MIXED GPS/GEO OBSERVATION FILE - EXAMPLE

A18 GEO NAVIGATION MESSAGE FILE - EXAMPLE

0. REVISION HISTORY

0.1 Revision Summary

First Revision, April 1993

Clarification December 1993

Doppler Definition: January 1994

PR Clarification: October 1994

Wlfact Clarification: February 1995

Event Time Frame Clarification: May 1996

Minor errors in the examples A7/A8: May 1996

Naming convention for compressed met files; January 1997

Continuation line clarifications: April 1997

GLONASS Extensions: April 1997

Met sensor description and position records: April 1997

Wavelength factor clarifications: April 1997

Error in example A12: CORR TO SYSTEM TIME, April 1997

Redefinition of sv clock params in GLONASS Nav Mess Files: March 1998

Naming conventions for compressed RINEX obs files: March 1998

GPS week: No roll-over, continuous number: March 1998

Error in compressed DOS file naming convention: July 1998

Table A13 contained blank satellite identifiers: Sept 1998

Discrepancy between Tables A5 and A9 removed: Sept 1998

Phase data format overflow: Clarification: Oct 1998

Message frame time Table A11: Clarification: Oct 1998

RINEX Version 2.10 Modifications: July 1999

Typo in paragraph 0.4 (epoch flag >1): Nov 1999

Clarification regarding trailing blanks: Dec 1999

Clarification regarding units of ZD,ZT, URA(GEO)

Clarification regarding time system identifier of GEO obs files

Clarification regarding time system identifier in TIME OF LAST record: Feb 2000

Addition of GEO examples: February 2000

Clarification of epoch field for event flag records: May 2000

Table A6: Typos in format definition of epoch: May 2000

Clarification of the GLONASS satellite identifier: June 2001

Clarification of the floating point exponent format: January 2002

RINEX Version 2.11 modifications: October 2004

Some clarifications in the GEO D-UTC A0,A1,T,W,S,U record November 2005

Wind, rain and hail observables in met files: December 2005

Unknown/undefined observation types and header records: December 2005

References to clock and SBAS RINEX files. Extended filenames: December 2005

Header continuation lines have to include the respective header label

Glonass frequency numbers -7 ... +13: December 2007 |

0.2 First Revision

The first documentation of the RINEX Version 2 Format was published by

W. Gurtner and G. Mader in the CSTG GPS Bulletin of September/October 1990.

The main reason for a revision is the new treatment of antispoofing data by

the RINEX format (see chapter 7). Chapter 4 gives a recommendation for data

compression procedures, especially useful when large amounts of data are

exchanged through computer networks. In Table A3 in the original paper the

definition of the "PGM / RUN BY / DATE" navigation header record was

missing, although the example showed it. The redefinition of AODE/AODC to

IODE/IODC also asked for an update of the format description. For consistency

reasons we also defined a Version 2 format for the Meteorological Data files

(inclusion of a END OF HEADER record and an optional MARKER NUMBER record).

The slight modification (or rather the definition of a bit in the Loss of Lock

Indicator unused so far) to flag AS data is so small a change that we decided

to NOT increase the version number!

0.3 Later Revisions

* URA Clarification (10-Dec-93):

The user range accuracy in the Navigation Message File did not contain

a definition of the units: There existed two ways of interpretation:

Either the 4 bit value from the original message or the converted value

in meters according to GPS ICD-200. In order to simplify the interpretation

for the user of the RINEX files I propose the bits to be converted into

meters prior to RINEX file creation.

* GLONASS Extensions:

In March 1997 a proposal for extensions to the current RINEX definitions

based on experiences collected with GLONASS only and mixed GPS/GLONASS data

files was circulated among several instrument manufacturers and software

developers.

The results of the call for comments have been worked into this document.

A separate document (glonass.txt) summarizes just the necessary extensions.

* A blank satellite identifier is allowed in pure GPS files only

* Met sensor description and position records were added to facilitate the

precise use of met values.

* Description and examples for wavelength factors and their temporary changes

(bit 1 of LLI) clarified.

* The RINEX documentation distributed in spring 1997 contained definitions for

the GLONASS satellite clock offset and drift with the intention to have them

defined identically to the GPS values. Unfortunately the GLONASS Interface

Document consulted had a sign error in one of the formulae.

The values should be stored into the RINEX file as -TauN, +GammaN, -TauC.

The original definition asked for -TauN, -GammaN, +TauC. See paragraph 8.2.

To avoid problems with files created with the original definitions a real

valued version number (2.01) has been introduced for GLONASS nav mess files.

* IGS decided to use the Hatanaka compression scheme for RINEX observation

files. Below the corresponding RINEX file name conventions are included

as recommendations. The DOS naming (extension .yyE) was wrongly set to

.yyY in the March 1998 version of the document.

* GPS week: The GPS week number in all RINEX files is a continuous number

not affected by the 1024 roll-over, it runs from 1023 over 1024 to 1025 etc.

* A discrepancy between the definition of the header line fields of met sensor

description and position in Table A5 and the example in Table A9 was removed.

The latter was correct.

* Clarification for phase data format overflows: Add or subtract a suitable

number of cycles, set LLI flag.

* Clarification for the GLONASS satellite identifier: "Almanac number" was

somewhat ambiguous. It has been replaced by "slot number" within the

satellite constellation.

0.4 Version 2.10 Modifications

The modifications leading to Version 2.10 include:

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