第 49 卷 第 15 期 电力系统保护与控制 Vol.49 No.15
2021 年 8 月 1 日 Power System Protection and Control Aug. 1, 2021
DOI: 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.201322
高比例风电接入的电力系统储能容量配置及影响因素分析
孙伟卿，罗 静，张 婕
(上海理工大学电气工程系，上海 200093)
摘要：储能技术是解决高比例风电消纳问题、提高系统可靠性的有效手段。然而储能不同的功能定位、典型负荷
曲线与风电出力曲线的选取等都会影响储能的配置结果。为研究储能配置规律，分别建立了考虑风电不确定性、
风电爬坡以及风电消纳问题的多参数储能配置模型。研究储能不同功能定位下的配置情况。在此基础上，基于单
一变量原则以及相关性分析，量化研究系统中各类参数对储能配置的影响。算例结果表明：通过风电的合理接入
可减少所需配置的储能容量，合理的储能接入节点可有效降低网损；单纯依靠储能解决风电消纳问题时所需配置
的储能容量最大；决定储能容量配置的价格型参数主要为分时电价；系统型参数中对储能容量影响最大的是风电
装机容量以及峰谷差率。
关键词：储能容量配置；影响参数；不确定性；爬坡特性；参数分类；配置规律
Energy storage capacity allocation and influence factor analysis of a power system with
a high proportion of wind power
SUN Weiqing, LUO Jing, ZHANG Jie
(School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)
Abstract: Energy storage technology is an effective means of solving the problem of having a high proportion of wind
power consumption and improving system reliability. However, the different function orientation of energy storage, and
the selection of typical load and wind power output curves will affect the configuration result of energy storage. In order
to study the rules of energy storage allocation, multi parameter energy storage allocation models considering the
uncertainty of wind power, wind power climbing and wind power consumption respectively are established. The
configuration of different functions of energy storage is studied. Then, based on the principle of single variable and
correlation analysis, the influence of various parameters in the system on energy storage allocation is quantitatively
studied. The results show that reasonable access of wind power can reduce the required energy storage capacity, and the
reasonable access node can effectively reduce the network loss; the maximum energy storage capacity needs to be
configured when only relying on energy storage to solve the problem of wind power consumption. The time of use price is
the main price determining the allocation of energy storage capacity. Among the system parameters, the wind power
installed capacity has the greatest impact on the energy storage capacity and peak valley difference.
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51777126).
Key words: energy storage capacity configuration; influence parameters; uncertainty; climbing characteristics; parameter
classification; allocation rules
0 引言
近年来，中国可再生能源取得巨大发展。截至
2020 年 3 月底，全国累计风电并网装机容量达到
2.13 亿 kW
[1]
。充分利用风能资源可达到绿色发展、
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目资助(51777126)
节能降耗的目的，但是风力发电厂的特性与常规发
电厂的特性不同，风电是间歇性、波动性的，大规
模风能并网会给电网带来冲击。针对高渗透分布式
风电接入配电网导致的安全性、可靠性方面的问题，
储能技术是保障风电消纳、提升系统经济效益的一
种有效途径
[2]
。研究储能系统在电力系统中的功能
定位与配置原则具有重要意义
[3]
。
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