第 40 卷第 2 期 电 子 与 信 息 学 报 Vol.40No.2
2018 年 2 月 Journal of Electronics & Information Technology Feb. 2018
基于水下成像模型的图像清晰化算法
杨爱萍
*①
曲 畅
①
王 建
①②
张莉云
①
①
(天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院 天津 300072)
②
(国家海洋技术中心 天津 300112)
摘 要：受水下场景中有机物和悬浮颗粒的影响，水下图像存在对比度低、颜色失真和细节丢失等问题。同时，水
下场景中通常有人工光源存在，造成图像光照不均。传统基于图像去雾的方法用于水下图像复原时效果欠佳，为充
分考虑水对光的吸收和散射作用，近期提出了新的水下成像模型和图像复原方法。但是这些方法未考虑红通道影响，
导致估计的散射比偏大；另外，也未考虑人工光源的影响，导致估计的背景光过大。针对这些问题，该文提出一套
有效的水下图像清晰化方案。首先，通过设置阈值确定是否将红通道信息用于暗通道计算，并将反映人工光源影响
的饱和度指标用于散射比估计，以减小人工光源的影响。由此，提出了基于红通道预判和饱和度指标的暗通道计算
方法。然后，根据三通道衰减系数比估计每个通道的透射率，可弥补目前很多方法假设蓝绿通道透射率一致的缺陷。
最后，利用 Shades of Gray 算法估计环境光，并结合新的水下成像模型得到复原图像。实验结果表明，该文算法
可显著提升图像的对比度，得到颜色自然、细节清晰的复原图像。
关键词：水下成像模型；红通道；人工光源；透射率
中图分类号： TP391 文献标识码： A 文章编号：1009-5896(2018)02-0298-08
DOI: 10.11999/JEIT170460
Underwater Image Visibility Restoration Based on
Underwater Imaging Model
YANG Aiping
①
QU Chang
①
WANG Jian
①②
ZHANG Liyun
①
①
(School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China)
②
(National Ocean Technology Center, Tianjin 300112, China)
Abstract: As a result of the existence of organisms and suspended particles under underwater conditions, images
captured under water usually have low contrast, color distortion and loss of visibility. At the same time, due to the
existence of the artificial light source, the underwater image usually has the non-uniform illumination. Traditional
hazy-removal methods perform poorly under water. In order to take both absorption and scattering into
consideration, a new underwater image formation model and restoration methods are proposed recently. However,
these methods ignore the great impact of the red channel information and artificial light source. To solve this
problem, a new approach is proposed for
underwater image visibility restoration. Firstly, a threshold is set to
determine whether to use the red channel information to estimate the dark channel, and a saturation indicator
which is used to indicate the impact of artificial light source is utilized to calculate the scattering rate. Based on the
red channel information anticipation and the saturation indicator, a new method is proposed to estimate the dark
channel. Then, the transmission of each channel is estimated according to the attenuation coefficient ratio, which
makes the proposed method more robust. Finally, the ambient light is obtained using the Shades of Gray algorithm,
and the visibility restoration result is achieved based on a new underwater image formation model. Experimental
results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the contrast of the underwater image
with more natural color and better visibility.
Key words: Underwater imaging model; Red channel; Artificial light source; Transmission
收稿日期：2017-05-15；改回日期：2017-11-02；网络出版：2017-12-04
*通信作者：杨爱萍 yangaiping@tju.edu.cn
基金项目：国家自然科学基金(61372145, 61472274)
Foundation Items: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61372145, 61472274)
