All-optical sensor based on surface plasmon polaritons in multi-layers metal-dielectric structure

We study all-optical sensing characteristics based on long-range surface plasmon resonance in a four-layered metal-dielectric structure immersed in the liquid to be measured. The resonance peaks in the reflection angle spectra depend on different refractive indices from 1.30 to 1.38, which are calculated and compared in three typical wavelengths of 532, 632.8 and 780 nm, respectively. Compared with 532 nm, the incident light of 780 nm results in an unstable sensing stability, but the resolution

Dual-band terahertz perfect metasurface absorber based on bi-layered all-dielectric resonator structure

Dual-band terahertz perfect metasurface absorber based on bi-layered all-dielectric resonator structure

Tunable fiber-tip lens based on thermo-optic effect of amorphous silicon

We theoretically demonstrate a compact all-dielectric metasurface fiber-tip lens composed of sub-wavelength amorphous silicon on the end face of a multimode fiber. The full 2π phase control was realized by varying the widths of resonant units. The tunable focal length is achieved by using the thermal-optic effect of amorphous silicon. The focal length increases from 309 μm to 407 μm when the temperature changes by 300 K. The temperature controlled all-fiber integrated lens is compact and with hi

All-angle optical switch based on the zero reflection effect of graphene–dielectric hyperbolic metamaterials

We have studied a switchable hyperbolic metamaterial composed of a graphene–dielectric periodic structure. By tuning the chemical potential of all graphene sheets simultaneously, the isofrequency curve can switch between an ellipse and a hyperbola conveniently. In particular, a special hyperbolic isofrequency curve with its asymptote perpendicular to the interface is obtained and used to realize the zero reflection effect. Furthermore, a zero-reflection-based optical switch working in the terahe

Optical fiber sensors based on Fabry-Perot multilayer coatings

The combination of fiber optics with nanostructure technologies offers great potential for the realization of novel sensor concepts. Miniature optical fiber sensors based on the Fabry-Perot (F-P) structure are presented. The transducer deposited on the fiber end face is multilayer coating consisting of a stack of nanoporous dielectric TiO2 and MgF2 films of optical thickness \lambda/4, forming a F-P filter with a typical reflection minimum at about 1300-nm wavelength. The reversible adsorption a

Low-profile microwave lens antenna based on isotropic Huygens’ metasurfaces

An isotropic electromagnetic (EM) lens based on Huygens’ metasurface is proposed for 28.0 GHz lens antenna design. .The lens consists of a series of non-resonant and subwavelength metallic patterns etched on both sides of an ultrathin .dielectric substrate. Both electric and magnetic responses are introduced to realize desired abrupt phase change and .high-efficiency transmission for the secondary wavelets in the incident wavefront. Then, a substrate-integrated wa

[book] Multi-voltage CMOS Circuit Design

Book (Kursun2006) Volkan Kursun & Eby G. Friedman Multi-voltage CMOS Circuit Design John Wiley & Sons, 2006 Abstract: Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Evolution of Integrated Circuits 3 1.2 Outline of the Book 14 Chapter 2 Sources of Power Consumption in CMOS ICs 19 2.1 Dynamic Switching Power 19 2.2 Leakage Power 22 2.2.1 Subthreshold Leakage Current 22 2.2.1.1 Short-Channel Effects 23 2.2.1.2 Drain-Induced Barrier-Lowering 25 2.2.1.3 Characterization of Subthreshold Leakage Current 25 2.2.2 Gate Oxide Leakage Current 28 2.2.2.1 Effect of Technology Scaling on Gate Oxide Leakage 29 2.2.2.2 Characterization of Gate Oxide Leakage Current 32 2.2.2.3 Alternative Gate Dielectric Materials 38 2.3 Short-Circuit Power 39 2.4 Static DC Power 43 Chapter 3 Supply and Threshold Voltage Scaling Techniques 45 3.1 Dynamic Supply Voltage Scaling 48 3.2 Multiple Supply Voltage CMOS 51 3.3 Threshold Voltage Scaling 54 3.3.1 Body Bias Techniques 58 3.3.1.1 Reverse Body Bias 58 3.3.1.2 Forward Body Bias 64 3.3.1.3 Bidirectional Body Bias 71 3.3.2 Multiple Threshold Voltage CMOS 74 3.4 Multiple Supply and Threshold Voltage CMOS 77 3.5 Dynamic Supply and Threshold Voltage Scaling 80 3.6 Circuits with Multiple Voltage and Clock Domains 81 3.7 Summary 83 Chapter 4 Low-Voltage Power Supplies 85 4.1 Linear DC–DC Converters 87 4.2 Switched-Capacitor DC–DC Converters 90 4.3 Switching DC–DC Converters 91 4.3.1 Operation of a Buck Converter 92 4.3.2 Power Reduction Techniques for Switching DC–DC Converters 95 4.4 Summary 95 Chapter 5 Buck Converters for On-Chip Integration 99 5.1 Circuit Model of a Buck Converter 101 5.1.1 MOSFET-Related Power Losses 101 5.1.2 Filter Inductor-Related Power Losses 103 5.1.3 Filter Capacitor-Related Power Losses 103 5.1.4 Total Power Consumption of a Buck Converter 104 5.2 Efficiency Analysis of a Buck Converter 104 5.2.1 Circuit Analysis for Global Maximum Efficiency 105 5.2.2 Circuit Analysis with Limited Filter Capacitance 108 5.2.3 Output Voltage Ripple Constraint 109 5.3 Simulation Results 109 5.4 Summary 112 Chapter 6 Low-Voltage Swing Monolithic DC–DC Conversion 115 6.1 Circuit Model of a Low-Voltage Swing Buck Converter 116 6.1.1 MOSFET Power Dissipation 118 6.1.2 MOSFET Model 119 6.1.3 Filter Inductor Power Dissipation 120 6.2 Low-Voltage Swing Buck Converter Analysis 121 6.2.1 Full Swing Circuit Analysis for Global Maximum Efficiency 121 6.2.2 Low Swing Circuit Analysis for Global Maximum Efficiency 123 6.3 Summary 126 Chapter 7 High Input Voltage Step-Down DC–DC Converters 127 7.1 Cascode Bridge Circuits 129 7.1.1 Cascode Bridge Circuit for Input Voltages up to 2Vmax 129 7.1.2 Cascode Bridge Circuit for Input Voltages up to 3Vmax 130 7.1.3 Cascode Bridge Circuit for Input Voltages up to 4Vmax 132 7.2 High Input Voltage Monolithic Switching DC–DC Converters 133 7.2.1 Operation of Cascode DC–DC Converters 133 7.2.2 Efficiency Characteristics of DC–DC Converters Operating at Input Voltages up to 2Vmax 136 7.2.3 Efficiency Characteristics of DC–DC Converters Operating at Input Voltages up to 3Vmax 137 7.3 Summary 138 viii CONTENTS Chapter 8 Signal Transfer in ICs with Multiple Supply Voltages 139 8.1 A High-Speed and Low-Power Voltage Interface Circuit 140 8.2 Voltage Interface Circuit Simulation Results 141 8.3 Experimental Results 144 8.4 Summary 146 Chapter 9 Domino Logic with Variable Threshold Voltage Keeper 147 9.1 Standard Domino (SD) Logic Circuits 148 9.1.1 Operation of Standard Domino Logic Circuits 148 9.1.2 Noise Immunity, Delay, and Energy Tradeoffs 150 9.2 Domino Logic with Variable Threshold Voltage Keeper (DVTVK) 153 9.2.1 Variable Threshold Voltage Keeper 153 9.2.2 Dynamic Body Bias Generator 155 9.3 Simulation Results 156 9.3.1 Multiple-Output Domino Carry Generator with Variable Threshold Voltage Keeper 156 9.3.1.1 Improved Delay and Power Characteristics with Comparable Noise Immunity 158 9.3.1.2 Improved Noise Immunity with Comparable Delay or Power Characteristics 160 9.3.2 Clock-Delayed Domino Logic with Variable Threshold Voltage Keeper 161 9.3.3 Energy Overhead of the Dynamic Body Bias Generator 163 9.4 Domino Logic with Forward and Reverse Body Biased Keeper 164 9.4.1 Clock-Delayed Domino Logic with Forward and Reverse Body Biased Keeper 165 9.4.2 Technology Scaling Characteristics of the Reverse and Forward Body Bias Techniques Applied to a Keeper Transistor 168 9.5 Summary 169 Chapter 10 Subthreshold Leakage Current Characteristics of Dynamic Circuits 171 10.1 State-Dependent Subthreshold Leakage Current Characteristics 172 10.2 Noise Immunity 177 10.3 Power and Delay Characteristics in the Active Mode 180 10.4 Dual Threshold Voltage CMOS Technology 182 10.5 Summary 186 Chapter 11 Sleep Switch Dual Threshold Voltage Domino Logic 187 11.1 Existing Sleep Mode Circuit Techniques 188 11.2 Dual Threshold Voltage Domino Logic Employing Sleep Switches 190 11.3 Simulation Results 191 11.3.1 Subthreshold Leakage Energy Reduction 193 11.3.2 Stack Effect in Domino Logic Circuits 194 CONTENTS ix 11.3.3 Delay and Power Reduction in the Active Mode 197 11.3.4 Sleep/Wake-Up Delay and Energy Overhead 197 11.4 Noise Immunity Compensation 200 11.5 Summary 204

Tunable dual-band infrared polarization filter based on a metal-dielectric-metal compound rectangular strip array

A tunable dual-band infrared polarization filter is proposed and investigated. Based on the perfect absorption characteristic of the metal-dielectric-metal sandwich structure, the reflection spectrum performs as a filter. The filter consists of three layers. The top layer is a compound metal nano-structure array comprised of rectangular strips. The middle and bottom layers are a dielectric spacer and metal film, respectively. The calculated results show that the filter properties are closely rel

Effect of native defects and laser-induced defects on multi-shot laser-induced damage in multilayer mirrors

The roles of laser-induced defects and native defects in multilayer mirrors under multi-shot irradiation condition are investigated. The HfO2/SiO2 dielectric mirrors are deposited by electron beam evaporation (EBE). Laser damage testing is carried out on both the 1-on-1 and S-on-1 regimes using 355-nm pulsed laser at a duration of 8 ns. It is found that the single-shot laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) is much higher than the multi-shot LIDT. In the multi-shot mode, the main factor influenci

Dual-band perfect absorber for a mid-infrared photodetector based on a dielectric metal metasurface

Mid-infrared thermal detectors have very important applications in the aerospace and military fields. However, due to the low heat transfer efficiency and slow response time, their application has been greatly restricted. Here, we theoretically demonstrate a dual-band perfect absorber for a mid-infrared detector based on a dielectric metal metasurface, and the optical and thermal properties are analyzed in detail. Simulation results show that the two narrow absorption peaks, corresponding to the

Single- and multi-shot laser-induced damages of Ta2O5/SiO2 dielectric mirrors at 1064 nm

Ta2O5/SiO2 dielectric mirrors deposited by ion beam sputtering (IBS) are studied. The multi-shot laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) and its dependence on the number of shots are investigated, after which we find that the multi-shot LIDT is lower than that of single-shot. The accumulation effects of defects play an important role in the multi-shot laser damage. A simple model, which includes the conduction band electron production vsa multiphoton and impact ionizations, is presented to explain

DL T 788全介质自承式光缆.rar

全介质自承式光缆(All dielectric self-supporting optical fiber cable，以下简称ADSS光缆)是一种用于高压输电系统通信线路的新型结构的光缆，对其抗电腐蚀特性和机械特性等均需有严格的检验标准，为了完善ADSS光缆产品的试验标准以保障产品的质量，根据中国电力企业联合会行业标准计划项目进行制订本电力行业标准。本标准的制订和实施将为ADSS光缆产品提供统一的技术依据。

All-dielectric nanolaser

nanolaser All-dielectric nanolaser All-dielectric nanolaser

Direct growth of high-quality Al2O3 dielectric on graphene layers by low-temperature H2O-based ALD

Direct growth of high-quality Al2O3 dielectric on graphene layers by low-temperature H2O-based ALD

Study of a narrowband reflection f ilter with multi-channels

Reflection filters have various applications in optical communication and other systems. In this letter, we propose a narrowband high-reflection filter composed of dielectric and metallic layers, in which an optimized filter combined with an admittance-matching layer with broad stop band is achieved. The structure can be expressed as Sub j (HL)13H2L(HL)313Cr0.84H j air, with full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of 2.5 nm. Based on this structure, reflection filters with multi-peaks are pr

All-dielectric metasurface for fully resolving arbitrary beams on a higher-order Poincaré sphere

Characterizing the amplitude, phase profile, and polarization of optical beams is critical in modern optics. With a series of cascaded optical components, one can accurately resolve the optical singularity and polarization state in traditional polarimetry systems. However, complicated optical setups and bulky configurations inevitably hinder future applications for integration. Here, we demonstrate a metadevice that fully resolves arbitrary beams on a higher-order Poincaré sphere (HOPS) via a si

Polarized GaN-based LED with an integrated multi-layer subwavelength structure

A novel type of GaN-based LED with a highly polarized output using an integrated multi-layer subwavelength grating structure is proposed. Characteristics of both optical transmission and polarization extinction ratio of the polarized GaN-based LED with three different multi-layer subwavelength structures are investigated. It is found that both TM transmission (T-TM) and the extinction ratio(ER) of the LED output can be effectively enhanced by incorporating a dielectric transition layer between t

Dielectric metalens-based Hartmann–Shack array for a high-efficiency optical multiparameter detection system

The real-time measurement of the polarization and phase information of light is very important and desirable in optics. Metasurfaces can be used to achieve flexible wavefront control and can therefore be used to replace traditional optical elements to produce a highly integrated and extremely compact optical system. Here, we propose an efficient and compact optical multiparameter detection system based on a Hartmann–Shack array with

High-Speed Signal Propagation: Advanced Black Magic

约翰逊的又一本SI力作，介绍如下： Raves for Dr. Johnson's previous classic, High-Speed Digital Design! "....one of the finest efforts to come along in the field of applied high-speed digital design because of its focus on providing tools for the whole design team bringing a high-speed product to life. For all the PCB designers and circuit designers out there, buy it; read it; keep it." -Dan Baumgartner, Printed Circuit Design In High-Speed Signal Propagation, Howard Johnson and Martin Graham bring together state-of-the-art techniques for building digital interconnections that can transmit faster, farther, and more efficiently than ever before. Packed with new examples and never-before-published high-speed design guidance, this book offers a complete and unified theory of signal propagation for all metallic media, from cables to pcb traces to chips. Coverage includes: Managing tradeoffs between speed and distance Physical theory of signal impairments: skin and proximity effects, dielectric loss, surface roughness, and non-TEM mode propagation Generalized frequency- and step-response models Calculation of time-domain waveforms from frequency-domain transfer functions Differential signaling: Edge-coupled and broadside-coupled differential pairs, bends, intra-pair skew, differential trace geometry impedance, crosstalk, and radiation Inter-cabinet connections: Coax, twisted-pair, fiber, equalizers, and LAN building wiring Clock distribution: Special requirements, repeaters, multi-drop clock distribution, jitter, and power filtering Simulation: Frequency domain simulation methods, Spice, and IBIS