实战Python设计模式：可复用面向对象软件开发实践

一、下载须知：很清楚，但是有一小部分看着有点颗粒感，我试着美化以增强更好地阅读体验，但是没有成功。 二、简单介绍一下，这本书我个人觉得写的确实很好，而且在当年大卖，在书的序言也写了，个人觉得是挺不错的一本书，这是翻译的作品，建议有能力的可以读原文，希望能有更多的人接触敏捷编程。 摘一点书上原话： 七年等待换来的经典（代序） 孟岩 Robert C. Martin 的经典著作《敏捷软件开发）） (Agile Software Developm叩）中文版面世，这是 计算机技术出版领域的一件人喜事。即使在技术图书非常繁荣的今天，本书的问世也仍然是值得广 大开发者格外留意和关注的享件。这不仅是因为它刚刚荣获2002 年度Jolt 震撼大奖，更因为这本书 本身的价值和独特魅力所孔。 三、 2. 目 录 第I 部分敏捷开发 第1 章敏捷实践.............................................2 1.1 敏捷联盟···········································3 1.2 原则···················································6 1.3 结论···················································8 参考文献.................................................... g 第2 章极限编程概述...............................……9 2.1 极限编程实践..........………..... ………··9 2.2 结论................................................. 16 参为文献.................................................. ,6 第3 章计划...………........................................ 17 3.1 初始探索······································、··I7 3.2 发布ii 划......................................... 18 3.3 迭代计划......................................... 18 3.4 任务计划......................................... 19 3.5 迭代................................................. 20 3.6 结论................................................. 20 参考文献··································................ 20 第4 章测试....................................................21 4.1 测试驱动的开发方法…·…....………·21 4.2 验收测试………......……………........... z4 4.3 结论................................................. 27 参考文献········..········································27 第5 章重构..........………....... ………........... ……18 5.1 素数产生程序． 一个简单的亟构示例……......... 令… ··29 5.2 结论................................................. 38 参考文献...…............................................ 38 第6 章一次编程实践...................................39 6.1 保龄球比赛...........……......... ……..... 39 6.2 结论................................................. 75 第II 部分敏捷设计 第7 章什么是敏捷设计....……............... ……79 7.l 软件出了什么错.....…………....... …··79 7.2 设计的臭味一腐化软1'1的气味·80 7.3 "Copy" 程序………..................…… 82 7.4 保持尽可能好的设计…...……......... g6 7.5 结论..............…······················ ……····86 参考文献···········································....... g7 第8 章单一职责原则(SRP) .................... 33 8.1 单一职责原则CSRP)····…………··88 8.2 结论................................................. 91 参考文献.................................….............. 91 第9 章开放一封闭原则(OCP) ............... 92 9.1 开放一封闭原则(OCP) ......... …··92 9.2 描述.......................................…....... 93 9.3 关键是抽象...………....... ……·…........ 93 9.4 结论............................................... 101 参考文献................................................ 10) 第10 章Liskov 替换原则(LSP)··………102 10.l Liskov 替换原则(LSP) ........... 102 10.2 个违反LSP 的简单例子......... 103 10.3 正方形和矩形，更微妙的违规... 104 10.4 一个实际的例子...……........... ….. 108 10.5 用提取公共部分的方法 代忏继承….........………........... ….. 112 10.6 启发式规则和习惯用法… ·114 10.7 结论............................................. 115 参考文献................................................ 115 第11 章依赖倒置原则(DIP) ................ 116 ll.l 依赖倒置原则(DIP) ……… ·--···116 11.2 层次化...................…................... 117 11.3 .. 个简单的例了……·…............…118 I 1.4 熔炉示例·…………............………···120 11.5 结论·….......................…···············122 参考文献.................................…............ 122 第12 章接口隔离原则(ISP) ............... …123 12.1 接口污染…......…………............. …123 12.2 分离客户就是分离接口……........ 124 12.3 接口隔离原则(ISP) ..... ………··125 12.4 类接门与对象接口…………..……·125 12.5 ATM 用户界面的例了…….......... 127 12.6 结论·······............................…....... 132 xviii 敏捷软件开发；原则、模式与实践 参考文献................................................ 132 第III部分薪水支付案例研究 第13 章COMMAND 模式和 ACTIVE OBJECT 模式..............,37 13.1 简单的COMMAND …................ 138 13.2 书务操作..................................... 139 13.3 UNDO ......................................... 140 13.4 ACTIVE OBJECT 模式…........... 141 13.5 结论·············································144 参考文献······"···· ….................................. 144 第14 章TEMPLATE METHOD 模式和 STRATEGY 模式：继承与委托·… 145 14.1 TEMPLATE METHOD 模式…···145 14.2 STRATEGY 模式………... ….... ….. 151 14.3 结论….......................................... 155 参考文献................................…………... 155 第15 章FACADE 模式和 MEDIATOR 模式.........………....... 156 15.l FACADE 模式…...........…………··156 15.2 MEDIATOR 模式……................. 157 15.3 结论.......................................••····159 参考文献................................................ 159 第16 章SINGLETON 模式和 MONOSTATE 模式··················..·160 16. l SINGLETON 模式···········……….. 161 16.2 MONOSTATE 模式·…...……....... 163 16.3 结论........................................…··169 参考文献.......、....................................... 169 第17 章NULL OBJECT 模式..............…170 17.1 结论............................................. 172 参考文献................................................ 172 第18 章薪水支付案例研究： 第一次迭代开始................….......... 73 18.l 介绍·············································l73 18.2 基于用例分析....…………·············l74 18.3 反思：我们学到f11 么……....... 180 18.4 找Ill 潜在的抽象…………............. J80 18.5 结论···································..········182 参考文献·······························•·"·············182 第19 章薪水支付案例研究：实现...........183 19.1 增加府员……········......…...... …….. 183 19.2 删除雇员….....………...... ……........ 188 19.3 时间卡、销售见条以及 服务费用..................................... ]90 19.4 更改雇员屈性......…... ….............. 196 19.5 支付雇员薪水.......………........ ….. zos 19.6 卞程序......................................... 220 19.7 数据库......................................... 221 19.8 薪水支付系统设计总结......….... 222 参芍文献················································222 第IV 部分打包薪水支付系统 第20 章包的设计原则...............................224 20.1 如何进行包的设计…....……·……·224 20.2 粒度：包的内聚件原则.......... •···225 20.3 稳定性：包的耦合性原则·227 20.4 自J顶向下设计............................. 231 20.5 稳定依赖原则.............……………·232 20.6 稳定抽象原则·……….......…·…….. z3s 20.7 结论............................................. z31 第21 章FACTORY 模式…….....................238 21.I 依赖关系环......……........ …………·239 2\.2 可替换的T厂...........…........... …·240 21.3 对测试支架使用对象U···········241 21.4 使用对象上厂有多么亟要242 21.5 结论............................................. 242 参考文献................................................ 242 第22 章薪水支付案例研究（第2 部分） ....................................................... 243 22.1 包结构和表小法…..............…….. 243 22.2 应用公共封闭原则(CCP)······245 22.3 应用甄用发布等价原则(REP) ·············································、....... 246 22.4 耦合和封装……....….. ……………... 247 22.5 度量............................................. z49 22.6 度退薪水支付应用程序250 22.7 对象工厂.............. 令令...……........ 令令.. 253 22.8 最终的包结构·…...………··········... 255 22.9 结论............................................. 256 参考文献................................................ 256 第V 部分气象站案例研究 第23 章COMPOSITE 摸式......................253 23.l 示例：组合命令·….....…...... ….... 259 23.2 多霆性还是非多默性.........……··259 第24 章OBSERVER 模式 一一回归为模式...........................261 24.1 数字时钟…........……………….... …·261 24.2 结论···························•·················275 24.3 OBSERVER 校式……········………·275 参考文献................................................ 277 第25 章ABSTRACT SF.RVER 模式、ADAPTER 模式和BRIDGE 摸式.....................278 25.l ABSTRACT SERVER 模式········279 25.2 ADAPTER 模式.. ……··········· 令… ··279 25.3 BRIDGE 模式…..……..... ….. …..... 283 25.4 结论·…................................. ••······285 参考文献················································285 第26 章PROXY 摸式和STAIRWAY TO HEAVEN 模式：管理第三方API----286 26.l PROXY 模式…….....…......... …….. 286 26.2 STAIRWAY TO HEAVEN 栈式...…303 26.3 可以用千数据库的其他侠式...... 309 26.4 结论··········--··················• .............. 310 参考文献................................................ 310 第27 章案例研究气象站.......................311 27.l Cloud 公司..................……………·311 27 .2 Nimbus-LC 软件设计·…….......... 313 27.3 结论·············································333 参击义献······················.. ························333 27.4 Nimbus-LC 需求概述……....……·333 27.5 Nimbus士LC 用例…………............. 334 27.6 Nimbus-LC 发布计划....…..... …··336 第V1部分ETS 案例研究 第28 章VISITOR 模式········….......... …······340 28.1 VISITOR 设计模式系列......……·340 28.2 VISITOR 模式…......................... 340 28.3 ACYCLIC VISITOR 松式.......... 344 28.4 DECORATOR 校式．．．．令令.............. 353 28.5 EXTENSION OBJECT 校式...... 358 目录xix 28.6 结论··········.. ·······.......................... 367 参考文献................................................ 367 第29 章STATE 摸式..................................363 29.l 有限状态自动机概述….......……·368 29.2 实现技术.....…····· …... …........ 令······369 29.3 STATE 模式…………….........…·····374 29.4 应该在哪些地方使用状态机...... 379 29.5 作为GUI 中的高层应用策略.... 379 29.6 结论·············································382 29.7 程序·············································382 参考文献........…···············.. ······--············388 第30 章ETS 框架..........令..........令..……...... …389 30.1 介绍·············································389 30.2 框架............................................. 392 30.3 框架设计....... 令．．．．．．令……… ·············394 30.4 TEMPLATE METHOD 模式的 －个例子·····································399 30.5 TASKMASTER 构架…………...... 407 30.6 结论························..···················410 参考文献············································..··410 附录 附录A UML 表示法I: CGI 示例…....…4ll A.L 课程登记系统：问题描述……·····412 A.2 小结······························.. ········.. ····431 参考文献........................…..................... 431 附录B UML 表示法JI: 统计多路复用器.........参····················432 B.l 统计多路复用器的定义………...…432 B.2 结论··············....·•··························448 参考文献.....…······· …………..................... 44g 附录C 两个公司的讽刺小品.....................449 附录D 源代码就是设计·……......................459 索引..............................................…, .... -... ·······467 设计模式列表 霖笃~::c~~尸．．．．．．：．．．．．．．．．．．．．：．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．二．．．．．．：...: ..： 勹骂 笠芦尸I.~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~;: BRIDGE···········.. ············.. ···········.. ···········..................................................... 283 2。它。:::~·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::二：：．：．．：：．昙 盓E飞勹芷飞~~~~;:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::二二．．二：．器 芦芷飞．．．：．．：．．：．．．．．．：．：．．．．．．：：．．：．：．．．．：．．．：．．．．．．．．：．．：．．．．．．．．：：：．．．．．．．．．：．：．．．．．．．．：．：：：：．．．臣 MEDIATOR ................................................................................................... 157 MONOSTATE ................................................................................................ 163 芦s勹~~!:.~:丁：．：．：．．．：：：：．．：．．．：．：：．．．．：．：．：．：．：：．．：．：．．．．：：．：．．：：：：．：：．．．．：：：：．：：：．：：：：：：．：：：：：：：：．：．：.. 芦 PROXY····........ ··························································································286 SlNGLETON····································································、............................. 161 STAIRWAY TO HEAVEN ................................................................................. 303 STATE·························.. ····················.. ·• .. ·······... ·......................................... 374 STRATEGY·············································································....、................. 151 TTAESMIP也LATSTEE RM···E··T··H··O··D::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::410457 VISITOR··································.. ·······························"·······"·······、................. 340