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TI毫米波雷达呼吸、心率检测原理 DriverVitalSigns_DevelopersGuide
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2020-10-08
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TI官方指南 DriverVitalSigns_DevelopersGuide,毫米波雷达心率、呼吸检测原理。介绍了毫米波雷达心率、呼吸频率检测的基本原理和算法流程,并通过TI的AWR1642 实现了其功能。
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TI mmWave Labs
Driver Vital Signs – Developer’s Guide
Lab Overview
2
• This lab exercise demonstrates the ability of AWR-1642 TI-mmWave sensor to measure body
displacements due to breathing and heart beat
• Typical body surface displacement parameters due to breathing and heart-beat are
From Front From Back
Vital Signs Frequency
Amplitude Amplitude
Breathing Rate (Adults)
0.1 – 0.5 Hz ~ 1- 12 mm ~ 0.1 – 0.5 mm
Heart Rate (Adults) 0.8 – 2.0 Hz
~ 0.1 – 0.5 mm ~ 0.01 – 0.2 mm
• To measure these small scale vibrations/displacements, we measure the change in phase of the
FMCW signal with time at the target range bin
4
b
R
- corresponds to the change in phase when the target moves a distance R
- Note that a smaller wavelength will give better displacement sensitivity
b
• Code Composer Studio (CCS) project along with source code is provided for this lab
• Pre-built binary files are also provided that can be loaded on to the AWR-1642 EVM
FMCW Radar Basics
Periodic linearly-increasing frequency chirps (known as Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW))
are transmitted by radar towards the object
3
Time, sec
Frequency, Hz
T
B
d
t
b
f
2
2
()
c
B
j f t t
T
s t e
Transmitted FMCW signal is given by
Signal at the receiver is a delayed version of the transmitted signal
Time, sec
4
4
( ). ( )
bb
BR
j t R
j f t
cT
s t r t e e
The received signal from an object at range R after mixing and filtering is given by
2
2
()
c d d
B
j f t t t t
T
r t e
2
d
R
t
c
FMCW Radar – Vital signs Measurements
4
4
4
()
bb
BR
j t R
j f t
cT
b t e e
b
f
b
Note that for a single object, the beat signal b(t) is a sinusoidal and has both frequency 𝑓
𝑏
and phase ∅
𝑏
To measure small scale vibrations, we measure the change in phase of the FMCW signal with time at the
object range bin. If an object moves a distance ∆R then the change in phase between consecutive
measurements is given by
4
b
R
Phase can be measured by taking the FFT of the beat signal b(t) and computing the phase at the object
range-bin.
Suppose we take the FFT and the object is at range-bin m, then the vibration signal x(t) can be extracted by
measuring the phase at range-bin m at time indices nT
s
, where n is the chirp index and T
s
is the time
between consecutive measurements
Note that we are assuming that the vibrations x(t) are
small so that the object remains in the same range-bin
during the duration of the measurements
As an example at λ=4 mm when we have displacements as
small as ∆R = 1mm, the corresponding phase change is
b
( , ) ( , )
4
s b s
x m nT m nT
Chirp Configuration for Demo
5
100 ADC Samples per chirp. Chirp duration is 50 ms based on the IF sampling rate of 2 MHz
Each frame is configured to have 2 chirps. However only the 1st Chirp in the frame is used for processing
A single TX-RX antenna pair is currently used for processing (Although all the RX antennas are enabled)
Vital signs waveform is sampled along the “slow time axis” hence the vital signs sampling rate is equal to the Frame-rate of system
Frame Periodicity = 50 ms
Frame 1
Frame 2
Frame 3
Range-Bins
Slow Time Axis
Range-
FFT
Range-
FFT
Range-
FFT
Extract Phase and unwrap
for the object range bin
Object
Range Bin
Slow Time Axis
Frame N
Range-
FFT
Further Processing for
Vital Signs Estimation
Duty Cycle < 1 %
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