<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="generator" content="pdf2htmlEX"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/base.min.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/fancy.min.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/10491452/raw.css"><script src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/js/compatibility.min.js"></script><script src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/js/pdf2htmlEX.min.js"></script><script>try{pdf2htmlEX.defaultViewer = new pdf2htmlEX.Viewer({});}catch(e){}</script><title></title></head><body><div id="sidebar" style="display: none"><div id="outline"></div></div><div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/10491452/bg1.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">模式识别与<span class="_ _0"></span>机器学习</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">马春鹏</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y3 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">October 26,<span class="_"> </span>20<span class="_ _0"></span>14</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div></body></html>
<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/10491452/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 x5 h5 y5 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">⽬录</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y6 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1<span class="_ _1"> </span>绪论<span class="_ _2"> </span>9</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y7 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.1<span class="_ _3"> </span>例⼦:多项式曲<span class="_ _0"></span>线拟合<span class="_ _4"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>10</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y8 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>概率论<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>16</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y9 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>概率密度<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>20</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 ya ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>期望和协⽅差<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>21</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 yb ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>贝叶斯概率<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>22</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 yc ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>⾼斯分布<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>24</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 yd ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>重新考察曲线拟合<span class="_ _0"></span>问题<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>26</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 ye ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2.6<span class="_ _6"> </span>贝叶斯曲线拟合<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>28</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 yf ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.3<span class="_ _3"> </span>模型选择<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>29</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y10 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.4<span class="_ _3"> </span>维度灾难<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>30</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y11 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.5<span class="_ _3"> </span>决策论<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>33</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y12 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.5.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼩化错误分类率<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>34</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y13 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.5.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼩化期望损失<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>35</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y14 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.5.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>拒绝选项<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>35</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y15 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.5.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>推断和决策<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>36</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y16 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.5.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>回归问题的损失函<span class="_ _0"></span>数<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>38</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y17 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.6<span class="_ _3"> </span>信息论<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>39</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y18 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.6.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>相对熵和互信息<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>44</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y19 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.7<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>46</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y1a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="_ _1"> </span>概率分布<span class="_ _d"> </span>52</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y1b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.1<span class="_ _3"> </span>⼆元变量<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>52</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y1c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.1.1<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">Beta</span>分布<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>54</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y1d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>多项式变量<span class="_ _e"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>56</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y1e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.2.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>狄利克雷分布<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>58</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y1f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3<span class="_ _3"> </span>⾼斯分布<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>59</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y20 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>条件⾼斯分布<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>63</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y21 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>边缘⾼斯分布<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>65</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y22 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>⾼斯变量的贝叶斯<span class="_ _0"></span>定理<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>67</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y23 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>⾼斯分布的最⼤似<span class="_ _0"></span>然估计<span class="_ _f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>69</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y24 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>顺序估计<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>69</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y25 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.6<span class="_ _6"> </span>⾼斯分布的贝叶斯<span class="_ _0"></span>推断<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>71</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y26 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.7<span class="_ _6"> </span>学⽣<span class="ff2 fs4">t</span>分布<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>75</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y27 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.8<span class="_ _6"> </span>周期变量<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>77</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y28 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3.9<span class="_ _6"> </span>混合⾼斯模型<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>81</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y29 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.4<span class="_ _3"> </span>指数族分布<span class="_ _e"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>83</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y2a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.4.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼤似然与充分统<span class="_ _0"></span>计量<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>86</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y2b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.4.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>共轭先验<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>87</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y2c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.4.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽆信息先验<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>87</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y2d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.5<span class="_ _3"> </span>⾮参数化⽅法<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>89</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y2e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.5.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>核密度估计<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>90</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y2f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.5.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>近邻⽅法<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>92</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y30 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.6<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _6"> </span>94</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y31 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="_ _1"> </span>回归的线性模型<span class="_ _10"> </span>101</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y32 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.1<span class="_ _3"> </span>线性基函数模型<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>101</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y33 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.1.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼤似然与最⼩平<span class="_ _0"></span>⽅<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>102</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y34 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.1.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼩平⽅的⼏何描<span class="_ _0"></span>述<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>105</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y35 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.1.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>顺序学习<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>105</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/10491452/bg3.jpg"><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y5 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.1.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>正则化最⼩平⽅<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>1<span class="_ _0"></span>05</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y36 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.1.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>多个输出<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>106</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y37 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>偏置-⽅差分解<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>108</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y38 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.3<span class="_ _3"> </span>贝叶斯线性回归<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>111</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y39 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.3.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>参数分布<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>111</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.3.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>预测分布<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>113</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.3.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>等价核<span class="_ _13"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>116</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y3c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.4<span class="_ _3"> </span>贝叶斯模型⽐较<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>118</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y3d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.5<span class="_ _3"> </span>证据近似<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>121</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.5.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>计算证据函数<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>121</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.5.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼤化证据函数<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>1<span class="_ _0"></span>23</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y40 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.5.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>参数的有效数量<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>1<span class="_ _0"></span>24</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y41 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.6<span class="_ _3"> </span>固定基函数的局<span class="_ _0"></span>限性<span class="_ _14"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>126</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y42 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.7<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>126</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y43 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="_ _1"> </span>分类的线性模型<span class="_ _10"> </span>130</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y44 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.1<span class="_ _3"> </span>判别函数<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>131</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y45 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.1.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>⼆分类<span class="_ _13"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>131</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y46 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.1.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>多分类<span class="_ _13"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>132</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y47 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.1.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽤于分类的最⼩平<span class="_ _0"></span>⽅⽅法<span class="_ _f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>133</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y48 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.1.4<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">Fisher</span>线性判别函数<span class="_ _15"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>13<span class="_ _0"></span>5</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y49 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.1.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>与最⼩平⽅的关系<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>1<span class="_ _0"></span>37</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y4a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.1.6<span class="_ _6"> </span>多分类的<span class="ff2 fs4">Fisher</span>判别函数<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>138</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y4b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.1.7<span class="_ _6"> </span>感知器算法<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>139</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y4c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>概率⽣成式模型<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>141</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y4d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.2.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>连续输⼊<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>143</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y4e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.2.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼤似然解<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>144</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y4f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.2.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>离散特征<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>146</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y50 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.2.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>指数族分布<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>146</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y51 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.3<span class="_ _3"> </span>概率判别式模型<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>147</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y52 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.3.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>固定基函数<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>147</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y53 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.3.2<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">logistic</span>回归<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>148</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y54 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.3.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>迭代重加权最⼩平<span class="_ _0"></span>⽅<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>149</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y55 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.3.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>多类<span class="ff2 fs4">logistic</span>回归<span class="_ _16"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>15<span class="_ _0"></span>0</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y56 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.3.5<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">probit</span>回归<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>151</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y57 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.3.6<span class="_ _6"> </span>标准链接函数<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>152</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y58 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.4<span class="_ _3"> </span>拉普拉斯近似<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>154</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y59 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.4.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>模型⽐较和<span class="ff2 fs4">BIC<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>155</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y5a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.5<span class="_ _3"> </span>贝叶斯<span class="ff2 fs4">logistic</span>回归<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>156</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y5b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.5.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>拉普拉斯近似<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>156</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y5c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.5.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>预测分布<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>157</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y5d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.6<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>158</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y5e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5<span class="_ _1"> </span>神经⽹络<span class="_ _17"> </span>161</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y5f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.1<span class="_ _3"> </span>前馈神经⽹络<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>161</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y60 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.1.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>权空间对称性<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>165</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y61 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>⽹络训练<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>165</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y62 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.2.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>参数最优化<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>168</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y63 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.2.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>局部⼆次近似<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>169</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y64 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.2.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>使⽤梯度信息<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>170</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y65 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.2.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>梯度下降最优化<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>1<span class="_ _0"></span>70</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y66 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.3<span class="_ _3"> </span>误差反向传播<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>171</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/10491452/bg4.jpg"><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y5 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.3.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>误差函数导数的计<span class="_ _0"></span>算<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>172</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y36 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.3.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>⼀个简单的例⼦<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>1<span class="_ _0"></span>74</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y37 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.3.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>反向传播的效率<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>1<span class="_ _0"></span>75</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y38 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.3.4<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">Jacobian</span>矩阵<span class="_ _16"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>175</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y39 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.4<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">Hessian</span>矩阵<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>177</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.4.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>对⾓近似<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>177</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.4.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>外积近似<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>178</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.4.3<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">Hessian</span>矩阵的逆矩阵<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>178</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.4.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>有限差<span class="_ _13"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>179</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.4.5<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">Hessian</span>矩阵的精确计算<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>179</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y3f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.4.6<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">Hessian</span>矩阵的快速乘法<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>180</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y40 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.5<span class="_ _3"> </span>神经⽹络的正则<span class="_ _0"></span>化<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>182</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y41 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.5.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>相容的⾼斯先验<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>1<span class="_ _0"></span>83</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y42 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.5.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>早停⽌<span class="_ _13"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>185</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y67 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.5.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>不变性<span class="_ _13"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>186</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y68 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.5.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>切线传播<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>187</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y69 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.5.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽤变换后的数据训<span class="_ _0"></span>练<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>189</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y6a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.5.6<span class="_ _6"> </span>卷积神经⽹络<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>190</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y6b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.5.7<span class="_ _6"> </span>软权值共享<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>191</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y6c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.6<span class="_ _3"> </span>混合密度⽹络<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>193</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y6d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.7<span class="_ _3"> </span>贝叶斯神经⽹络<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>197</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y6e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.7.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>后验参数分布<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>198</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y6f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.7.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>超参数最优化<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>199</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y70 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.7.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽤于分类的贝叶斯<span class="_ _0"></span>神经⽹络<span class="_ _16"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>200</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y71 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.8<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>202</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y4e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6<span class="_ _1"> </span>核⽅法<span class="_ _18"> </span>206</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y4f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.1<span class="_ _3"> </span>对偶表⽰<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>206</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y50 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>构造核<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>207</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y51 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.3<span class="_ _3"> </span>径向基函数⽹络<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>211</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y52 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.3.1<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">Nadaraya-W<span class="_ _19"></span>atson<span class="ff1 fs2">模型<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>212</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y53 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.4<span class="_ _3"> </span>⾼斯过程<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>214</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y54 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.4.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>重新考虑线性回归<span class="_ _0"></span>问题<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>214</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y55 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.4.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽤于回归的⾼斯过<span class="_ _0"></span>程<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>216</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y56 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.4.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>学习超参数<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>219</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y57 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.4.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>⾃动相关性确定<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>2<span class="_ _0"></span>20</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y58 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.4.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽤于分类的⾼斯过<span class="_ _0"></span>程<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>221</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y59 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.4.6<span class="_ _6"> </span>拉普拉斯近似<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>222</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y5a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.4.7<span class="_ _6"> </span>与神经⽹络的联系<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>2<span class="_ _0"></span>25</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y5b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.5<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>225</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y72 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7<span class="_ _1"> </span>稀疏核机<span class="_ _17"> </span>228</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y73 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.1<span class="_ _3"> </span>最⼤边缘分类器<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>228</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y5e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.1.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>重叠类分布<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>231</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y5f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.1.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>与<span class="ff2 fs4">logistic</span>回归的关系<span class="_ _4"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>235</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y60 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.1.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>多类<span class="ff2 fs4">SVM<span class="_ _15"> </span></span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>236</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y61 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.1.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>回归问题的<span class="ff2 fs4">SVM<span class="_"> </span></span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>237</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y62 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.1.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>计算学习理论<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>240</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y63 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>相关向量机<span class="_ _e"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>241</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y64 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.2.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽤于回归的<span class="ff2 fs4">R<span class="_ _19"></span>VM<span class="_ _1a"> </span><span class="ff1 fs2">.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>24<span class="_ _0"></span>1</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y65 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.2.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>稀疏性分析<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>244</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y66 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.2.3<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">R<span class="_ _19"></span>VM<span class="ff1 fs2">⽤于分类<span class="_ _1b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>247</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/10491452/bg5.jpg"><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y5 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7.3<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>249</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y74 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8<span class="_ _1"> </span>图模型<span class="_ _18"> </span>251</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y75 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.1<span class="_ _3"> </span>贝叶斯⽹络<span class="_ _e"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>251</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y76 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.1.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>例⼦:多项式回归<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>2<span class="_ _0"></span>53</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y77 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.1.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽣成式模型<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>255</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y78 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.1.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>离散变量<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>255</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y79 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.1.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>线性⾼斯模型<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>257</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y7a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>条件独⽴<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>259</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y7b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.2.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>图的三个例⼦<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>260</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y7c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.2.2<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">d</span>-划分<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>264</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y7d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.3<span class="_ _3"> </span>马尔科夫随机场<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>266</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y7e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.3.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>条件独⽴性质<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>267</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y7f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.3.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>分解性质<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>268</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y80 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.3.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>例⼦:图像去噪<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>2<span class="_ _0"></span>69</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y43 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.3.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>与有向图的关系<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>2<span class="_ _0"></span>71</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y44 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4<span class="_ _3"> </span>图模型中的推断<span class="_ _11"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>274</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y45 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>链推断<span class="_ _13"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>274</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y46 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>树<span class="_ _12"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>277</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y47 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>因⼦图<span class="_ _13"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>277</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y48 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>加和-乘积算法<span class="_ _1c"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>279</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y49 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4.5<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼤加和算法<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>285</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y4a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4.6<span class="_ _6"> </span>⼀般图的精确推断<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>2<span class="_ _0"></span>89</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y4b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4.7<span class="_ _6"> </span>循环置信传播<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>289</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y4c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.4.8<span class="_ _6"> </span>学习图结构<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>290</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y4d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8.5<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>290</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y81 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9<span class="_ _1"> </span>混合模型和<span class="ff3 fs4">EM<span class="_ _1d"> </span></span>293</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y82 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.1<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4 fs4">K<span class="_ _1e"></span></span>均值聚类<span class="_ _12"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>293</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y83 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.1.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>图像分割与压缩<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>2<span class="_ _0"></span>96</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y84 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.2<span class="_ _3"> </span>混合⾼斯<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>297</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y85 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.2.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>最⼤似然<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>298</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y86 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.2.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>⽤于⾼斯混合模型<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="ff2 fs4">EM<span class="_ _1b"> </span></span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>300</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y87 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.3<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 fs4">EM</span>的另⼀种观点<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>303</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y88 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.3.1<span class="_ _6"> </span>重新考察⾼斯混合<span class="_ _0"></span>模型<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>304</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y89 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.3.2<span class="_ _6"> </span>与<span class="ff4 fs4">K<span class="_ _1e"></span></span>均值的关系<span class="_ _1b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>30<span class="_ _0"></span>5</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y8a ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.3.3<span class="_ _6"> </span>伯努利分布的混合<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>3<span class="_ _0"></span>06</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y8b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.3.4<span class="_ _6"> </span>贝叶斯线性回归的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2 fs4">EM</span>算法<span class="_ _1a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>309</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y8c ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.4<span class="_ _3"> </span>⼀般形式的<span class="ff2 fs4">EM</span>算法<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>310</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y8d ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9.5<span class="_ _3"> </span>练习<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>313</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y8e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10<span class="_ _15"> </span>近似推断<span class="_ _17"> </span>316</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y8f ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.1<span class="_ _16"> </span>变分推断<span class="_ _b"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>316</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y90 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.1.1<span class="_ _12"> </span>分解<span class="_ _0"></span>概率分布<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>317</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y91 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.1.2<span class="_ _12"> </span>分解<span class="_ _0"></span>近似的性质<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>319</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y92 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.1.3<span class="_ _12"> </span>例⼦<span class="_ _0"></span>:⼀元⾼斯分布<span class="_ _c"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>321</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y93 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.1.4<span class="_ _12"> </span>模型<span class="_ _0"></span>⽐较<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>324</div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y94 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.2<span class="_ _16"> </span>例⼦:⾼斯的变分混合<span class="_ _4"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>324</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y95 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.2.1<span class="_ _12"> </span>变分<span class="_ _0"></span>分布<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>325</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y96 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.2.2<span class="_ _12"> </span>变分<span class="_ _0"></span>下界<span class="_ _9"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>329</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y97 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.2.3<span class="_ _12"> </span>预测<span class="_ _0"></span>概率密度<span class="_ _a"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>330</div><div class="t m0 x7 h4 y98 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10.2.4<span class="_ _12"> </span>确定<span class="_ _0"></span>分量的数量<span class="_ _7"> </span>.<span class="_ _1f"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _8"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _5"> </span>.<span class="_ _12"> </span>331</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>