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Step By Step guide for installing Oracle RAC 11gR2 on Linux
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Step By Step guide for installing Oracle RAC 11gR2 on Linux
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Table of Contents
Oracle Database 11gR2 RAC on Linux Install Guide....................................................................................1
1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................................1
1.1. Overview of new concepts in 11gR2 Grid Infrastructure............................................................1
1.1.1. SCAN................................................................................................................................1
1.1.2. GNS...................................................................................................................................1
1.1.3. OCR and Voting on ASM storage.....................................................................................1
1.1.4. Passwordless automatic SSH connectivity........................................................................1
1.1.5. Intelligent Platform Management interface (IPMI)..........................................................1
1.1.6. Time sync..........................................................................................................................2
1.1.7. Clusterware and ASM share the same Oracle Home........................................................2
1.1.8. Hangchecktimer and oprocd are replaced.........................................................................2
1.2. System Requirements....................................................................................................................................2
1.2.1. Hardware Requirements....................................................................................................................2
1.2.2. Network Hardware Requirements.....................................................................................................3
1.2.3. IP Address Requirements..................................................................................................................3
1.2.4. Installation method............................................................................................................................3
2. *Prepare the cluster nodes for Oracle RAC.....................................................................................................4
2.1. User Accounts.......................................................................................................................................4
2.2. Networking...........................................................................................................................................4
2.3. Synchronizing the Time on ALL Nodes...............................................................................................6
2.4. Configuring Kernel Parameters............................................................................................................6
2.5. Set shell limits for the oracle user.........................................................................................................7
2.6. Create the Oracle Inventory Directory.................................................................................................7
2.7. Creating the Oracle Grid Infrastructure Home Directory.....................................................................8
2.8. Creating the Oracle Base Directory......................................................................................................8
2.9. Creating the Oracle RDBMS Home Directory.....................................................................................8
2.10. Stage the Oracle Software..................................................................................................................8
2.11. Check OS Software Requirements.....................................................................................................8
3. Prepare the shared storage for Oracle RAC...................................................................................................10
3.1. Shared Storage....................................................................................................................................10
3.1.1. Partition the Shared Disks.......................................................................................................10
3.1.2. Installing and Configuring ASMLib.......................................................................................11
3.1.3. Using ASMLib to Mark the Shared Disks as Candidate Disks...............................................12
4. Oracle Grid Infrastructure Install...................................................................................................................13
4.1. Basic Grid Infrastructure Install (without GNS and IPMI)................................................................13
5. Grid Infrastructure Home Patching................................................................................................................31
6. RDBMS Software Install...............................................................................................................................31
7. RAC Home Patching......................................................................................................................................43
8. Run ASMCA to create diskgroups................................................................................................................43
9. Run DBCA to create the database.................................................................................................................47
Comments and Questions..................................................................................................................................57
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1. Introduction
1.1. Overview of new concepts in 11gR2 Grid Infrastructure
1.1.1. SCAN
The single client access name (SCAN) is the address used by all clients connecting to the cluster. The SCAN
name is a domain name registered to three IP addresses, either in the domain name service (DNS) or the Grid
Naming Service (GNS). The SCAN name eliminates the need to change clients when nodes are added to or
removed from the cluster. Clients using SCAN names can also access the cluster using EZCONNECT.
The Single Client Access Name (SCAN) is a domain name that resolves to all the addresses•
allocated for the SCAN name. Allocate three addresses to the SCAN name. During Oracle grid infrastructure
installation, listeners are created for each of the SCAN addresses, and Oracle grid infrastructure controls
which server responds to a SCAN address request. Provide three IP addresses in the DNS to use for SCAN
name mapping. This ensures high availability.
The SCAN addresses need to be on the same subnet as the VIP addresses for nodes in the cluster.•
The SCAN domain name must be unique within your corporate network.•
1.1.2. GNS
In the past, the host and VIP names and addresses were defined in the DNS or locally in a hosts file. GNS can
simplify this setup by using DHCP. To use GNS, DHCP must be configured in the subdomain in which the
cluster resides.
1.1.3. OCR and Voting on ASM storage
The ability to use ASM diskgroups for Clusterware OCR and Voting disks is a new feature in the Oracle
Database 11g Release 2 Grid Infrastructure.If you choose this option and ASM is not yet configured, OUI
launches ASM configuration assistant to configure ASM and a diskgroup.
1.1.4. Passwordless automatic SSH connectivity
If SSH has not been configured prior the Installation, you can prompt the installer to this for you. The
configuration can be tested as well.
1.1.5. Intelligent Platform Management interface (IPMI)
Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) provides a set of common interfaces to computer hardware
and firmware that administrators can use to monitor system health and manage the system.
With Oracle Database 11g Release 2, Oracle Clusterware can integrate IPMI to provide failure isolation
Oracle Database 11gR2 RAC on Linux Install Guide 1
support and to ensure cluster integrity. You must have the following hardware and software configured to
enable cluster nodes to be managed with IPMI:
Each cluster member node requires a Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) running•
firmware compatible with IPMI version 1.5, which supports IPMI over LANs, and configured for remote
control.
Each cluster member node requires an IPMI driver installed on each node.•
The cluster requires a management network for IPMI. This can be a shared network, but Oracle•
recommends that you configure a dedicated network.
Each cluster node's ethernet port used by BMC must be connected to the IPMI management network.•
If you intend to use IPMI, then you must provide an administration account username and password to
provide when prompted during installation.
1.1.6. Time sync
Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2) requires time synchronization across all nodes within a cluster when
Oracle RAC is deployed. To achieve this you should have your OS configured network time protocol (NTP).
The new Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization Service is designed for organizations whose Oracle RAC
databases are unable to access NTP services.
1.1.7. Clusterware and ASM share the same Oracle Home
The clusterware and ASM share the same home thus we call it Grid Infrastructure home (prior 11gR2 ASM
and RDBMS could be installed either in same Oracle home or in separate Oracle homes)
1.1.8. Hangchecktimer and oprocd are replaced
Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2) replaces the oprocd and Hangcheck processes with the cluster
synchronization service daemon Agent and Monitor to provide more accurate recognition of hangs and to
avoid false termination.
1.2. System Requirements
1.2.1. Hardware Requirements
-Physical memory (at least 1.5 gigabyte (GB) of RAM)
-An amount of swap space equal the amount of RAM
-Temporary space (at least 1 GB) available in /tmp
-A processor type (CPU) that is certified with the version of the Oracle software being installed
-At minimum of 1024 x 786 display resolution, so that Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) displays correctly
-All servers that will be used in the cluster have the same chip architecture, for example, all 32-bit processors
or all 64-bit processors
Rac11gR2OnLinux < RACGuides < TWiki
1.1.5. Intelligent Platform Management interface (IPMI) 2
-Disk space for software installation locations
You will need at least 4.5 GB of available disk space for the Grid home directory, which includes both the
binary files for Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) and their
associated log files, and at least 4 GB of available disk space for the Oracle Database home directory.
-Shared disk space
An Oracle RAC database is a shared everything database. All data files, control files, redo log files, and the
server parameter file (SPFILE) used by the Oracle RAC database must reside on shared storage that is
accessible by all the Oracle RAC database instances. The Oracle RAC installation that is described in this
guide uses Oracle ASM for the shared storage for Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Database files. The amount
of shared disk space is determined by the size of your database.
1.2.2. Network Hardware Requirements
-Each node has at least two network interface cards (NIC), or network adapters.
-Public interface names must be the same for all nodes. If the public interface on one node uses the network
adapter eth0, then you must configure eth0 as the public interface on all nodes.
-You should configure the same private interface names for all nodes as well. If eth1 is the private interface
name for the first node, then eth1 should be the private interface name for your second node.
-The network adapter for the public interface must support TCP/IP.
-The network adapter for the private interface must support the user datagram protocol (UDP) using
high-speed network adapters and a network switch that supports TCP/IP (Gigabit Ethernet or better).
-For the private network, the end points of all designated interconnect interfaces must be completely reachable
on the network. Every node in the cluster should be able to connect to every private network interface in the
cluster.
-The host name of each node must conform to the RFC 952 standard, which permits alphanumeric characters.
Host names using underscores ("_") are not allowed.
1.2.3. IP Address Requirements
-A public IP address for each node
-A virtual IP address for each node
-Three single client access name (SCAN) addresses for the cluster
1.2.4. Installation method
This document details the steps installing a 3-node Oracle 11gR2 RAC cluster on Linux:
-The Oracle Grid Homes binaries are installed on the local disk of each of the RAC nodes.
-The files required by Oracle Clusterware (OCR and Voting disks) are stored in ASM
Rac11gR2OnLinux < RACGuides < TWiki
1.2.1. Hardware Requirements 3
-The installation is explained without GNS and IPMI (additional Information for Installation with GNS and
IPMI are explained)
2. *Prepare the cluster nodes for Oracle RAC
The guides include hidden sections, use the and image for each section to show/hide the section or you
can Expand all or Collapse all by clicking these buttons. This is implemented using the Twisty Plugin which
requires Java Script to be enabled on your browser.
2.1. User Accounts
1. Create OS groups using the command below Enter commands as the root user:
#/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall
#/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba
#/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin
#/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba
#/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 507 asmoper
2. Create the users that will own the Oracle software using the commands:
#/usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid
#/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle
3. Set the password for the oracle account using the following command. Replace password with your own
password.
passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password: password
retype new UNIX password: password
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
passwd grid
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password: password
retype new UNIX password: password
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
4. Repeat Step 1 through Step 3 on each node in your cluster.
2.2. Networking
NOTE: This section is intended to be used for installations NOT using GNS.
1. Determine your cluster name. The cluster name should satisfy the following conditions:
Rac11gR2OnLinux < RACGuides < TWiki
1.2.4. Installation method 4
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- 冻泥鳅2012-09-13还可以,基本主要思路都对的。有些细节的地方还待完善
promisures
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