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Building a Geodatabase.pdf
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ArcGIS Building a Geodatabase 教你如何建立空间数据库
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Building a Geodatabase
GIS by ESRI
™
Copyright © 1999–2002 ESRI
All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
The information contained in this document is the exclusive property of ESRI. This work is protected under United States copyright law and other
international copyright treaties and conventions. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, except as expressly permitted in writing by ESRI. All
requests should be sent to Attention: Contracts Manager, ESRI, 380 New York Street, Redlands, CA 92373-8100, USA.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
DATA CREDITS
Graphical Editing Map: Wilson, North Carolina
Universal Data Editor Map, Editing in data view and layout view map: Greeley, Colorado
Context menus and shortcut keys map: P.F.R.A., Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Quick-Start Tutorial Data: Wilson, North Carolina; Greeley, Colorado
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS
Bob Booth, Scott Crosier, Jill Clark, Andy MacDonald
U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED/LIMITED RIGHTS
Any software, documentation, and/or data delivered hereunder is subject to the terms of the License Agreement. In no event shall the U.S. Government acquire
greater than RESTRICTED/LIMITED RIGHTS. At a minimum, use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in
FAR §52.227-14 Alternates I, II, and III (JUN 1987); FAR §52.227-19 (JUN 1987) and/or FAR §12.211/12.212 (Commercial Technical Data/Computer
Software); and DFARS §252.227-7015 (NOV 1995) (Technical Data) and/or DFARS §227.7202 (Computer Software), as applicable. Contractor/Manufacturer
is ESRI, 380 New York Street, Redlands, CA 92373-8100, USA.
ESRI, the ESRI globe logo, ArcGIS, ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcInfo, ArcSDE, ArcToolbox, ArcEditor, ArcStorm, SDE, Spatial Database Engine, ArcView,
StreetMap, ArcObjects, GIS by ESRI, the ArcGIS logo, and www.esri.com are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of ESRI in the United
States, the European Community, or certain other jurisdictions.
Other companies and products mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective trademark owners.
Attribution.pmd 11/15/2002, 12:47 PM1
iii
Contents
1 Introduction 1
Before you create your geodatabase 3
Three ways to create a geodatabase 4
Geodatabases and ArcCatalog 8
Geodatabases and ArcMap 9
The first step: creating a database 10
Tips on learning how to build and edit geodatabases 15
2 Creating new items in a geodatabase 17
Geodatabase items 18
ArcGIS data types 23
Upgrading a geodatabase 26
Creating tables 27
Creating feature datasets 31
Creating feature classes 37
Creating indexes 45
Granting and revoking privileges 48
3 Migrating existing data into a geodatabase 49
How data is converted 50
Importing shapefiles 62
Importing coverages 68
Importing tables 75
Importing a geodatabase feature class 77
Importing a CAD feature class 80
Importing rasters 81
Copying geodatabase data 87
Extracting data 89
Using the Extract Data wizard 91
Loading data into existing simple feature classes and tables 94
Registering ArcSDE layers and tables with the geodatabase 98
Analyzing geodatabase data 99
Loading objects from other feature classes 100
Contents.pmd 11/15/2002, 12:48 PM3
iv BUILDING A GEODATABASE
4 Topology 107
What is topology? 109
Creating a topology 110
Topology basics 112
Topology and feature geometry 115
Topologies and ArcCatalog 117
Migrating data into a geodatabase to create topologies 118
Creating a new topology 121
Adding new feature classes to your topology 126
Validating a topology 130
Topology: defining the rules 131
Planning for exceptions 135
Refining topologies with subtypes 136
Managing a topology 137
Modifying a topology 138
Summarizing topology errors 147
Creating new polygons from lines 148
Topology and versioned databases 150
Topology and versioning 152
Topology and disconnected editing 162
5 Subtypes and attribute domains 163
What are subtypes and attribute domains? 164
Working with attribute domain properties 168
Browsing the attribute domains of a geodatabase 169
Creating new attribute domains 171
Modifying and deleting attribute domains 174
Associating default values and domains with tables and feature classes 175
Creating subtypes 176
Modifying and deleting subtypes 179
Contents.pmd 11/15/2002, 12:48 PM4
CONTENTS v
6 Defining relationship classes 181
What is a relationship class? 182
Relationship classes in ArcCatalog and ArcMap 186
Creating a simple relationship class 188
Creating a composite relationship class 192
Creating an attributed relationship class 195
Creating relationship rules 197
Managing relationship classes 199
Exploring related objects in ArcMap 200
Using related fields in ArcMap 203
7 Geometric networks 205
What is a geometric network? 206
Geometric networks and ArcCatalog 210
Creating geometric networks 211
Creating a new geometric network 216
Building a geometric network from existing simple feature classes 220
Adding new feature classes to your geometric network 228
Network connectivity: defining the rules 231
Establishing connectivity rules 232
Managing a geometric network 234
8 Managing annotation 235
Annotation in the geodatabase 236
Annotation and ArcCatalog 239
Creating annotation classes 240
Converting labels to annotation 245
Converting coverage annotation to geodatabase annotation 247
Contents.pmd 11/15/2002, 12:48 PM5
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