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RDMA over Falcon Transport Specification
Revision 0.9
Date Submitted: 14 February, 2024
Date Approved: TBD
Authors: Prashant Chandra, Google
Open Compute Project • RDMA over Falcon Transport Protocol Specification
Table of Contents
1. License 4
2. Compliance with OCP Tenets 4
2.1 Openness 4
2.2 Efficiency 4
2.3 Impact 4
2.4 Scale 5
2.5 Sustainability 5
3. Change Log 6
4. Scope 7
5. Overview 7
6. Protocol Architecture 7
6.1 Protocol Layers 7
6.2 Ordering Modes 8
6.3 Error Handling Modes 8
6.4 Supported Operations 8
6.5 Flow Control 9
6.6 Mapping RDMA QP Types to Falcon Connections 9
6.6.1 RC Queue Pairs 10
6.6.2 XRC Queue Pairs 10
6.6.3 UD Queue Pairs 11
6.7 Op Segmentation and Reassembly 11
6.8 RDMA Falcon Contract 13
6.9 Security 13
7. RDMA Flows 14
7.1 RDMA Read Flow 14
7.2 RDMA Write Flow 15
8. Wire Protocol 16
8.1 Packet Format 17
8.1.1 Transport Mode 17
8.1.2 Tunnel Mode 17
8.1.3 RDMA Packet Types 17
8.2 RDMA Base Transport Header (RBTH) 20
8.3 RDMA Extended Transport Headers 21
8.3.1 RDMA Extended Transport Header (RETH) 21
Date: 14 FEB 2024 Page 2
Open Compute Project • RDMA over Falcon Transport Protocol Specification
8.3.2 Sequence Number Extended Transport Header (SETH) 22
8.3.3 Offset Extended Transport Header (OETH) 23
8.3.4 Sink Tag Extended Transport Header (STETH) 23
8.3.5 Immediate Extended Transport Header (ImmDt) 24
8.3.6 Atomic Extended Transport Header (AtomicETH) 25
8.3.7 Atomic Acknowledgement Extended Transport Header (AtomicAckETH) 26
8.3.8 Invalidate Extended Transport Header (IETH) 26
8.3.9 XRC Extended Transport Header (XRCETH) 27
8.3.10 Datagram Extended Transport Header (DETH) 27
Date: 14 FEB 2024 Page 3
1. License
Contributions to this Specification are made under the terms and conditions set forth in Open
Web Foundation Contributor License Agreement (“OWF CLA 1.0”) (“Contribution License”) by:
Google
Usage of this Specification is governed by the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Web
Foundation Final Specification Agreement (“OWFa 1.0”).
2. Compliance with OCP Tenets
2.1 Openness
The specification complies with the tenet of Openness by empowering the Community with
Google’s production learnings to help modernize Ethernet. This includes leveraging
production-proven technologies at scale including Carousel, Snap, Swift, Protective Load
Balancing, and Congestion Signaling (CSIG) that have been openly published previously.
2.2 Efficiency
The specification complies with the tenet of Efficiency. Falcon achieves high performance by
combining three key insights that achieve low latency in high-bandwidth, yet lossy, standard
Ethernet data center networks. Fine-grained hardware-assisted round-trip time (RTT)
measurements with flexible, per-flow hardware-enforced traffic shaping, and fast and accurate
packet retransmissions, are combined with multipath-capable and PSP-encrypted Falcon
connections. On top of this foundation, Falcon has been designed from the ground up as a
multi-protocol transport capable of supporting Upper Layer Protocols (ULPs) with widely varying
performance requirements and application semantics. The ULP mapping layer not only provides
out-of-the-box compatibility with Infiniband Verbs RDMA and NVMe ULPs, but also includes
additional innovations critical for warehouse-scale applications such as flexible ordering
semantics and graceful error handling. Last but not least, the hardware and software are
co-designed to work together to help achieve the desired attributes of high message rate, low
latency, and high bandwidth, while maintaining flexibility for programmability and continued
innovation.
2.3 Impact
The specification complies with the tenet of Impact by introducing a new technology that helps
the industry modernize Ethernet. Falcon provides a helpful solution to address demanding
workloads that have high burst bandwidth, high Operations per second, and low latency in
Date: 14 FEB 2024 Page 4
massive scale AI/ML training, High Performance Computing, and real-time analytics.
2.4 Scale
The specification complies with the tenet of Scale by being designed from the ground up to
deliver high bandwidth and low latency in high-bandwidth, yet lossy, Ethernet data center
networks. Additionally, it is composed of production-proven technologies delivered at scale
including Carousel, Snap, Swift, Protective Load Balancing, and Congestion Signaling (CSIG).
2.5 Sustainability
The specification complies with the tenet of Sustainability by delivering an efficient Ethernet
transport technology that minimizes retransmissions and other wasted effort and energy within
an Ethernet network. Additionally, the technology allows a wide range of high performance
workloads to be run on standard Ethernet networks.
Date: 14 FEB 2024 Page 5
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